E2 infection drugs

Question 1

penicillin use

Answer 1

1st choice for infection

Question 2

cephalexin (keflex) use

Answer 2

surgery proflaxis

Question 3

vanocmycin use

Answer 3

serious infections

• c. diff
• MRSA

Question 4

genaminicin use

Answer 4

serious gram negative

Question 5

cipro

Answer 5

drug choice for anthrax

-(other small infections of uti, gi, bones, jts, skin, soft tissue)

Question 6

tetracycline use

Answer 6

for weird infections

• rickettsial
• chlamydia
• brucellosis
• lyme
• h. pylori
• acne

Question 7

erythromycin use

Answer 7

alternate for penicillin

• for minor ear and throat
• ENT

Question 8

Bactrim use

Answer 8

UTI’s

Question 9

intraconazole use

Answer 9

drug of choice for the mycosis’s

Question 10

drug eiwth most commmon drug allergy

Answer 10

penicillin

Question 11

what do you have to watch with penicillin?

Answer 11

renal excretion

watch kidney function

Question 12

bactericidal drugs

Answer 12

• penicillin
• cephalexin
• vancomycin
• gentamicin
• cipro

Question 13

bacteriostatic drugs

Answer 13

• tetracycline
• erythromycin
• sulfamethoxazole

Question 14

which two antibiotics are closely related

Answer 14

penicillin and cephalexin (keflex)

Question 15

side effect of cephalexin

Answer 15

• minor GI disturbances and diarrhea

- hypersinsitivity or allergic reactions

Question 16

hypersensitivity/allergic reaction with cephalexin

Answer 16

• delayed skin reactions

- immediate anaphylactic reactions

Question 17

does not have beta lactam ring

Answer 17

vancomycin

Question 18

renal toxicity and ototoxicity are major side effects

Answer 18

vancomycin

Question 19

Red man syndrome

Answer 19

(vanco)

• flushing-
• tachy
• hypot

Question 20

admin vanco for how long to avoid red man syndome

Answer 20

over 60 mins

Question 21

monitor what with vanco

Answer 21

infusion site due to thrombophelebitis

Question 22

gentamicin class

Answer 22

aminoglycoside class

Question 23

gentamicin major adverse effects

Answer 23

• nephrotoxicity
• ototoxicity
• neuromuscular blockade (other NM agents)

Question 24

with which drug is peak and trough important and why

Answer 24

gentamicin because adverse effects are associated with high trough

Question 25

ciprofloxacin class

Answer 25

fluoroquinolone class

Question 26

how does cipro inhibit

Answer 26

inhibit enzyme essential to function of bacterial DNA (gyrase and topoisomerase)

Question 27

adverse effects of cipro

Answer 27

- gi - rash - photo - jt pain - confusion (old pts)

Question 28

cipro is contraindicated in what

Answer 28

pregnancy and children less than 18 years

Question 29

cipro black box warning

Answer 29

tendon rupture

Question 30

how does tetra inhibit

Answer 30

inhibit bacterial protein synthesis

Question 31

do not what with tetra

Answer 31

dairy or antacid products

Question 32

affects birth control and digoxin

Answer 32

tetra

Question 33

side effects of tetra

Answer 33

- rash - photo - gi

Question 34

do not give tetra to

Answer 34

- pregnant women | - less than 8yoa due to yellowing of teath

Question 35

do not give tetra to people with what medical condition

Answer 35

renal impairment

Question 36

bactrim class

Answer 36

sulfonamides

Question 37

how does bactrim inhibit

Answer 37

inhibit bacterial folic acid synthesis

Question 38

bactrim is not for pts with what

Answer 38

- folate deficiency - sulfa allergy - pregnant or nursing - renal/liver dysfunction

Question 39

adverse effects of bactrim

Answer 39

- rach - allergy - blood disorders - renal tubule damage

Question 40

intraconazole class

Answer 40

azole antifungal

Question 41

how does intraconazole inhibit

Answer 41

inhibits synthesis of ergosterol

Question 42

what is the alternate to amphotericin

Answer 42

intraconazole

Question 43

what risk is with intraconazole

Answer 43

cardio suppression | liver damage

Question 44

promethazine class

Answer 44

phenothiazine antiemetic

Question 45

how does promethazine work

Answer 45

inhibits action of histamine and dopamine limiting emetic response

Question 46

what are the CNS side effects with promethazine when combined with booze

Answer 46

- sedation - confusion - dizziness - RD

Question 47

why do you have to watch iv site with promethazine

Answer 47

vascular damage/necrosis in extravasation

Question 48

ondansetron (zofran) class

Answer 48

serotonin receptor antagonist antiemetic

Question 49

which drug was first approved for chemo induced nausea and vomiting (CINV)

Answer 49

ondansetron (zofran)

Question 50

what is ondansetron used for besides CINV

Answer 50

nausea and vomiting associated with radiotherapy and anesthesia

Question 51

pregnancy category for ondansetron

Answer 51

b

Question 52

adverse effects of ondansetron

Answer 52

- headache - diarrhea - dizziness - prolonged QT - cardiac dys

Question 53

dronabinol (marinol) class

Answer 53

cannabinoid antiemetic

Question 54

what is dronabinol (marinol) used for

Answer 54

CINV

Question 55

improves appetite drug

Answer 55

dronabinol (marinol)

Question 56

erythromycin class

Answer 56

macrolide class

Question 57

how does erythromycin inhibit

Answer 57

inhibit bacterial protein synthesis

Question 58

erythromycin is often used for

Answer 58

pts with penicillin allergy | -minor ear and throat infections

Question 59

erythromycin is considered a

Answer 59

very safe antibiotic

Question 60

has a small risk of sudden cardiac death from QT prolongation

Answer 60

erythromycin

Question 61

SE of erythromycin

Answer 61

- heartburn - rash - gi

Question 62

oseltamivir (tamiflu) class

Answer 62

anti-viral

Question 63

how does oseltamivir inhibit

Answer 63

inhibits neuraminidase in viral enzyme required for viral replication

Question 64

when does oseltamivir need to be used

Answer 64

within 48 hours of symptom onset

Question 65

what does oseltamivir do

Answer 65

reduced duration of flu | does not cure

Question 66

oseltamivir can be used how

Answer 66

prophylactically for those exposed to flu

Question 67

acyclovir (zovirax) class

Answer 67

antiviral

Question 68

how does acyclovir inhibit

Answer 68

slows viral reproduction by stopping viral DNA production

Question 69

acyclovir is drug of choice for what

Answer 69

infections caused by herpes and varcillea-zoster

Question 70

how is acyclovir eliminated and why is that important

Answer 70

by kidneys-issue with pts with renal impairment

Question 71

major adverse effects of acyclovir

Answer 71

-nephrotoxicity (leads to kidney damage and failure)

Question 72

amphotericin b class

Answer 72

polyene antifungal

Question 73

how does amphotericin inhibit

Answer 73

binds to ergosterol in cell membrane allowing cell contents to leak out

Question 74

when to use amphotericin b

Answer 74

serious systemic fungal infections

Question 75

causes "shake and bake" SE

Answer 75

amphotericin b - fever - chills - rigors - Nausea - headache

Question 76

how to avoid shake and bake SE with amphotericin b

Answer 76

pretreat with menadryl and tylenol

Question 77

amphotericin b causes what in most pts

Answer 77

renal injury

Question 78

proper admin of amphotericin

Answer 78

infuse 1 L N. saline prior to admin of amphotericin b