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Physiology > Final: Ch 20 > Flashcards

Final: Ch 20 Flashcards

1
Q

3 homeostatic reflexes caused by a decrease in blood volume and pressure

A

cardio system, behavior, kidneys

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2
Q

how does the cardio system respond to a decrease in volume and pressure

A

increase cardiac output, vasoconstriction

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3
Q

how do the kidneys respond to a decrease in volume and pressure

A

conserve H2O

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4
Q

how does the cardio system respond to an increase in volume and pressure

A

decrease cardiac output, vasodilation

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5
Q

how do the kidneys respond to an increase in volume and pressure

A

excrete salts and H2O in urine, lower ECF and ICF volume

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6
Q

can the kidneys restore lost volume

A

no

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7
Q

the kidneys only conserve

A

fluid

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8
Q

kidneys cycle ___ and conserve ___

A

fluid, volume

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9
Q

urine osmolarity depends on ___ in the collecting duct

A

rebsorption

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10
Q

___ control distal nephron permeability to water and solutes

A

hormones

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11
Q

removal of solute in the thick ascending limb creates ___ fluid

A

hyposmotic

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12
Q

with ___ ___ the collecting duct is freely permeable to water. water leaves via osmosis and is carried away.

A

maximal vasopressin

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13
Q

in the absence of ____ the collecting duct is impermeable to water and the urine is dilute

A

vasopression

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14
Q
  1. ___ binds to membrane receptor
  2. receptor activates ___ second messenger system
  3. cell inserts ___ water pores into apical membrane
  4. water is ___ by osmosis to blood
    VCAA
A

vasopression
cAMP
APQ2
absorbed

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15
Q

vasopressin is release from what brain structure

A

posterior pituitary

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16
Q

as plasma vasopression increases, plasma osmolarity ___

A

increases

17
Q

3 molecules pumped out in the ascending limb to make the filtrate become hyposmotic

A

Na, K, Cl

18
Q

ingesting salt causes no change in volume, but ___ osmolarity

A

increases

19
Q

secretion of vasopressin causes an increase in renal water ____

A

reabsorption

20
Q

increase in water intake causes what 3 things to occur

A

increase renal absorption, increase ECF volume, increase BP

21
Q

an increase in ECF volume causes kidneys to excrete what 2 things

A

salt and water

22
Q
  1. ___ combines with a cytoplasmic receptor
  2. hormone-receptor complex initiates __ in nucleus
  3. new protein channels and pumps are made
  4. aldosterone-induced proteins modify existing proteins
  5. result is increased Na ___ and K ___
A

aldosterone
transcription
absorption, secretion

23
Q

bp directly effects ___ cells of afferent arteriole

A

granular

24
Q

a decrease in bp causes and increase in ___ secretion

A

renin

25
Q

an increase in plasma H+ and PCO2 occurs by the ___ of __ action

A

Law of Mass

26
Q

term for low pH and high H+

A

acidosis

27
Q

type _ intercalated cells function in acidosis

A

A

28
Q

Type ___ intercalated cells function in alkalosis

A

B

Physiology (21 decks)

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