E2: Ch 5

Question 1

if something is non-polar, does it dissolve

Answer 1

yes

Question 2

G-protein, takes a small ___ and creates a __ cell response.

Answer 2

stimulus, large

Question 3

4 types

Answer 3

channel, enzyme, g-protein, integrin

Question 4

gated Chanels are ___ gated, ___, or ____ / stretch sensitive

Answer 4

electrically, ligand, machano

Question 5

name of the phosphorylating enzyme

Answer 5

kinease

Question 6

name of protein that removes a phosphate

Answer 6

phosophase

Question 7

all phosphorylating have lots of different __

Answer 7

kinease

Question 8

most common type of membrane spanning receptor type in body

Answer 8

G-protein

Question 9

g-protein is the most common receptor because it is highly ___

Answer 9

variable

Question 10

G(i) is __

Answer 10

inhibitory protein

Question 11

G(s) is __

Answer 11

stimulatory protein

Question 12

once a G-protein is activated, it __ to go attach somewhere

Answer 12

detaches

Question 13

can G-proteins change the sensitivity of other receptors

Answer 13

yes

Question 14

amplification is the cascade of 1 ___ after another

Answer 14

enzyme

Question 15

____-____ complex activated an amplifier enzyme

Answer 15

receptor-ligand

Question 16

Integrin is a binding event that cause ___ changes within the cell

Answer 16

cytoskeleton

Question 17

Primary ligand activates a ___, triggers ___

Answer 17

receptor, response

Question 18

agonist ligand activates a ___, triggers ___

Answer 18

receptor, response

Question 19

antagonist ligand __ receptor activity, ___ response

Answer 19

blocks, no

Question 20

hormones binding to receptors trigger a __

Answer 20

response

Question 21

the __ hormone combination is what determines the cellular response

Answer 21

specific

Question 22

different responses produces by the same hormone is because the hormone can b ind to different ___ that cause the different ___

Answer 22

receptors, response

Question 23

tonic control - regulates physiological parameters in an __ and ___ fashion

Answer 23

up, down

Question 24

in tonic control, can you only relax so much?

Answer 24

yes

Question 25

tonic control can be seen in a mechanism that is __ functioning, like __ and ___

Answer 25

always, blood pressure, sweat

Question 26

diffusion uses the __ energy of a molecular movement that doesn't require an outside energy source

Answer 26

kinetic

Question 27

molecules diffuse from ___ concentration to __ concentration

Answer 27

higher, lower

Question 28

diffusion is faster with what 4 things: G, D, T, S

Answer 28

higher concentration gradient, shorter distance, higher temperature, smaller molecules

Question 29

diffusion can take place in an __ system or across a partition that separates the two systems

Answer 29

open

Question 30

membrane permeability to a molecule depends on: L,S,M

Answer 30

lipid solubility, molecule size, lipid composition of membrane

Question 31

the rate of diffusion across a membrane is faster if: membrane's __ __ is larger, membrane is ___, concentration gradient is ___, membrane is more __ to the molecule.

Answer 31

surface area, thin, larger, permeable

Question 32

formula for rate of diffusion = (___ ___ * concentration ___ * membrane ___) / membrane ___

Answer 32

surface area, gradient, permeability, / thickness

Question 33

membrane permeability = ( lipid ___ ) / molecule __

Answer 33

solubility, size

Question 34

changing the composition of lipid layer can increase/decrease the membrane ___

Answer 34

permeability

Question 35

3 types of membrane proteins

Answer 35

lipid-anchored, integral, peripheral proteins

Question 36

open Chanels create ___ filled pore

Answer 36

water

Question 37

carriers never form __ channels between the 2 sides of the membrane

Answer 37

open

Question 38

name the 3 types of carriers

Answer 38

uniport, symport, antiport

Question 39

gated channels are usually __. they open in response to __, ___, or ___ signals

Answer 39

closed. chemical, mechanical, electrical

Question 40

the ___ transporter brings glucose across cell membranes

Answer 40

GLUT

Question 41

what is the competitive inhibitor for GLUT transporters

Answer 41

Maltose

Question 42

the NA+ glucose ___ brings glucose into cell against its gradient using energy stored in the Na+ concentration gradient

Answer 42

symporter

Question 43

the __ transporter transfers glucose to ECF by facilitated diffusion

Answer 43

GLUT

Question 44

Na+, K+, and -ATPase pumps __ out of the cell, keeping ICF __ concentration low

Answer 44

NA+, NA+