E4: CH 18 Flashcards

1
Q

gas exchange from high to low concentrations happens at the ___ interface

A

alveolair

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2
Q

what does cellular respiration produce

A

CO2

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3
Q

partial is equal at what points

A

points with outside contact

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4
Q

high partial pressure = high ___

A

concentration

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5
Q

diffusion is fast when the ____ ____ difference is higher

A

concentration gradient

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6
Q

normal artery pH

A

7.4

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7
Q

blood pH is heavily ___

A

buffered

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8
Q

blood pH doesn’t change because of what

A

bicarb pressure in blood acts as a buffer

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9
Q

what molecule acts as a buffer in the blood

A

bicarb

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10
Q

hypoxic is ___ O2

A

low

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11
Q

anemic is low O2 ___ to hemoglobin

A

bound

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12
Q

Aschemic is ___ blood flow

A

low

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13
Q

histo- means ___ O2 delivery

A

prevented

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14
Q

diffusion in the blood occurs because

A

shared basement membranes with capillaries

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15
Q

type 1 alveolar cells are made of __ cells

A

squamous

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16
Q

___ is known as the “respiratory pigment”

A

hemoglobin

17
Q

which part of hemoglobin binds to oxygen

A

iron

18
Q

Hb releases O2 at what level

A

tissue level

19
Q

Hb has __ affinity for oxygen

A

variable

20
Q

most important factor in oxygen affinity determination

A

oxygen concentration

21
Q

change in oxygen affinity occurs because of

A

Hb shape change

22
Q

what molecule has an affect on Hb affinity and is an intermediate in glycolysis

A

2,3-Diphosphoglycerase

23
Q

___ CO2 in blood causes ___ pH because ___ is released in the formation of Lactic Acid

A

high, increase, H+

24
Q

in pH and O2 saturation, body temperature, CO2 in blood, and 2,3-DPG: an increase in any of them is represented by a curve shift to the right and all effect oxygen delivered by ___ it

A

increasing

25
Q

what part of the blood is dissolved oxygen located in

A

plasma

26
Q

why does carbon monoxide so dangerous when it binds to Hb?

A

because it has a higher affinity to Hb than oxygen and will never release

27
Q

why does the body not send distress signals when carbon monoxide poisoning is occurring?

A

because chemoreceptors only measure dissolved O2 in the plasma

28
Q

Hemoglobin saturation is affected by what 4 things

A

temperature
pH
PCO2
2,3-DPG

29
Q

the # of binding sites is found by multiplying what 2 things

A

(HB content/RBC)
# of RBCs

30
Q

saturation depends on

A

concentration