E4: Respiratory

Question 1

4 functions of respiration

Answer 1

gas exchange, homeostatic pH regulation, protection from inhalants, vocalization

Question 2

what creates the pressure gradient

Answer 2

muscular pump

Question 3

mass flow =

Answer 3

bulk flow with required pump to create the pressure gradient

Question 4

anatomy in upper respiratory tract

Answer 4

mouth, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx

Question 5

anatomy in lower respiratory tract

Answer 5

trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

Question 6

list the lung branches in order from largest to smallest starting with 2 primary bronchi

Answer 6

2 primary bronchi, 1/2/3 bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

Question 7

1 respiratory cycle is what

Answer 7

1 inhalation, 1 expiration

Question 8

___ volume is the air inhaled in 1 normal inspiration

Answer 8

tidal

Question 9

tidal volume is the

Answer 9

air inhlaed in 1 normal inspiration

Question 10

vital capacity is the

Answer 10

tidal volume + expiration + inspiration

Question 11

expiration is usually passive, active expiration requires use of what 2 muscle groups

Answer 11

intercostals and abdominals

Question 12

bronchial ___ creates ___ to air flow

Answer 12

diameter, resistance

Question 13

increased levels of what gas causes bronchioldialation

Answer 13

CO2

Question 14

what division of the nervous system causes bronchioconstriction

Answer 14

parasympathetic

Question 15

Hyperventilation causes ___ in PO2 and ___ in PCO2

Answer 15

increase, decrease

Question 16

Hypoventilation causes ____ in PO2 and ___ in PCO2

Answer 16

decrease, increase