Ch 21 Summary Flashcards
what are the 3 structures that add exocrine secretions containing enzymes and mucus to the lumen
salivary glands, pancreas, liver
___ is a soupy substance created as ingested food is broken down by mechanical and chemical digestion.
chyme
The __ is the outer connective tissue layer that is a continuation of the peritoneal membrane.
serosa
___ is the chemical and mechanical breakdown of foods into absorbable units.
digestion
__is transfer of substances from the lumen of the GI tract to the ECF.
absorption
__ movement of material through the GI tract.
moltility
___ is the transfer of fluid and electrolytes from ECF to lumen or the release of substances from cells.
secretion
Some segments of the gut are ___ contracted, but others exhibit __ contractions.
tonic, phasic
Intestinal smooth muscle exhibits spontaneous __ ___ potentials
sslow wave
slow wave potentials originate where
interstitial cells of Cajal
action potentials are fired, causing the muscle to contract, when a slow wave what
reaches threshold
what moves food remnants from the upper GI tract to the lower regions.
migrating motor complex
these are progressive waves of contraction that occur mainly in the esophagus.
peristaltic contractions
this contraction type is mixing contraction
segmental contractions
____ nervous system is used for GI function
parasympathetic
which branch of the nervous system is inhibitory for the GI
sympathetic
Most stimuli for GI peptide secretion arise from
ingestion of food
2 families that GI hormones are dived into
gastrin and secretin
name for the hormone class for those that dont fit into gastrin or secretin
motilin
The sight, smell, or taste of food initiates GI reflexes in the ___phase of digestion
cephalic
___ is the word for chewing
mastication
___ exocrine secretion that contains water, ions, mucus, and proteins.
saliva
the name for swallowing
deglutition
what controls deglutition
medullary center
