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Final Flashcards

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0
Q

Holy food chain

A 
God
Creator, sustainer, redeemer
Others humans others
Image of God, sinners
Creation
Reflects God's glory, tainted by sin
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1
Q

3 reasons we study history

A

Enable us to make better decisions
Grow in faith
Discover who we are

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2
Q

A network of people who interact with each other

A

Society

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3
Q

The period of time before written records

A

Prehistory

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4
Q

Relics or objects such as pieces of bone or stone that humans have made into tools or weapons

A

Artifacts

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5
Q

A scientist who studies fossils

A

Paleontologist

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6
Q

A scholar who studies written records

A

Historian

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7
Q

A scholar who studies written and oral languages

A

Linguist

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8
Q

A scholar who studies relics of ancient civilizations

A

Archaeologist

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9
Q

A scholar who studies the science of man

A

Anthropologist

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10
Q

People who move often in search of food

A

Nomads

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11
Q

The belief that all things in nature have spirits

A

Animism

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12
Q

The spread if ideas, beliefs, customs, and technology from one society to another

A

Cultural diffusion

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13
Q

What does God say is not good?

A

For man to be alone

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14
Q

Where does God say it is not good for man to be alone?

A

Genesis chapter 2

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15
Q

A society’s habitual ways of thinking and acting, including things such as art, music, ways of making a living, religious belief, etc.

A

Culture

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16
Q

People lived nomadic lives, hunting and gathering their food in the _______ period?

A

Paleolithic

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17
Q

People lived in houses of mud or stone and began to farm for food in the ________ period

A

Neolithic

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18
Q

Ancient Egyptian civilization began where?

A

Nile river valley

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19
Q

A triangular region at the mouth of a river

A

Delta

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20
Q

Churning rapid or whitewater

A

Cataract

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21
Q

Egyptian form of writing

A

Hieroglyphics

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22
Q

Egyptian concept that includes good life, including justice, right, truth, and order

A

Ma’at

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23
Q

The ruler who united upper and lower Egypt

A

Menes

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24
Q

The Egyptian queen who encouraged foreign trade

A

Hatshepsut

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25
Q

The last great pharaoh and greatest builder of the new kingdom

A

Ramses II the Great

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26
Q

The Kushite ruler who conquered Egypt

A

Piankhi

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27
Q

Ancient Indian civilization began where?

A

Indus River valley

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28
Q

Seasonal winds bringing rain to the Indian subcontinent

A

Monsoons

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29
Q

Who invaded and ended the earliest Indian civilization?

A

Aryans

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30
Q

Social groups in Indian society

A

Varnas

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31
Q

Set of duties or obligations for each social group

A

Dharma

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32
Q

The passing of the inner self from body to body

A

Reincarnation

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33
Q

The Hindu ethical law of cause and effect

A

Karma

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34
Q

The perfect understanding which releases one from a series of endless rebirths

A

Moksha

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35
Q

The powerful ruler who unified India

“Government is the science of punishment”

A

Chandragupta

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36
Q

Buddha or enlightened one

A

Siddhartha Gautama

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37
Q

Goal of Buddhism which is the release from pain and selfishness

A

Nirvana

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38
Q

The Indian ruler who embraced Buddhism and vowed to live peacefully, sent out Buddhist missionaries

A

Ashoka

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39
Q

Ancient Chinese civilization began where?

A

Yellow and yangzi river valleys

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40
Q

Central value / authority in Chinese society

A

Family

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41
Q

The Chinese ideal of respect for parents and elders

A

Filial piety

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42
Q

Used to foretell the future by Chinese priests

A

Oracle bones

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43
Q

Unique feature of Chinese writing

A

Based in ideas, not sounds

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44
Q

Taught that one must express love and respect by practicing traditional manners and rituals

A

Confucius

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45
Q

Believed the good life was following the dao by balancing opposing tendencies in nature

A

Laozi

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46
Q

A group of Chinese philosophers who believed a strong, efficient government was the key to the good life

A

Legalsits

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47
Q

The idea that a dynasty ruled only as long as it had divine approval

A

Mandate of Heaven

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48
Q

Ruled through fear during the Qin dynasty

Constructed Great Wall

A

Shi huangdi

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49
Q

Ruler who made Confucianism official belief of the Chinese government
Opened great Silk Road

A

Wudi

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50
Q

4 noble truths of Buddhism

A

Suffering is an inescapable part of human life.
Suffering is caused by unfulfilled desire for material goods.
Overcoming desire ends suffering.
Desire can be overcome by following the eight fold path.

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51
Q

The area between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers

A

Mesopotamia

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52
Q

What did the Sumerians build because their land lacked natural defenses?

A

Walled cities

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53
Q

What were most Sumerians religiously?

A

Polytheists

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54
Q

Sumerian rulers were often either . . .

A

Warriors or priests

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55
Q

Sumerian temples

A

Ziggurats

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56
Q

Wedge shaped writing developed in Sumer

A

Cuneiform

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57
Q

Developed one of the world’s first uniform law codes

A

Hammurabi

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58
Q

3 Hebrew patriarchs

A

Abraham
Isaac
Jacob

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59
Q

3 elements of the covenant with the patriarchs

A

Land
Children
Generalized blessing

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60
Q

Pivotal event in Hebrew history

A

Crossing of the Red Sea

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61
Q

Tribal leaders in Israel during the time between the conquest and the United Kingdom

A

Judges

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62
Q

Last of tribal leaders

Anointed first two kings of United Kingdom

A

Samuel

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63
Q

Known as both a military leader and a singer

Man after God’s own heart

A

David

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64
Q

After the split, the kingdoms were known as

A

Israel in the north

Judah in the south

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65
Q

Who ruled the northern kingdom and what did he do?

A

Jeroboam

Set up golden calves at Dan and Bethel

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66
Q

Who had a wonderful library at Nineveh?

A

Assyria

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67
Q

Seafaring traders who first developed an alphabet

A

Phoenicians

68
Q

Brutal conquerors who defeated and destroyed Israel

A

Assyria

69
Q

Astrologers who captured Jerusalem and took Judah into captivity

A

Babylon

70
Q

Defeated the Babylonians

Developed a standardized coinage

A

Persians

71
Q

Tolerated different races and religions in the Persian empire.
Allowed the Jews to return to the promised land

A

King Cyrus

72
Q

Why were greek citystates isolated?

A

Mountainous terrain

73
Q

Greek term for city state

A

Polis

74
Q

The most important city in early Aegean civilization

A

Mycenae

75
Q

City defeated by a huge hollow horse

A

Troy

76
Q

Wrote the Iliad and the odyssey

A

Homer

77
Q

A formation of foot soldiers forming a solid wall, several men deep

A

Phalanx

78
Q

Fortified hilltop of a Greek city state temples were built

A

Acropolis

79
Q

The Greek word for striving for excellence, virtue

The heroic ideal

A

Arête

80
Q

Messenian peasants/slaves forced to work the land around Sparta

A

Helots

81
Q

Greek term for foot soldier

A

Hoplites

82
Q

Militaristic state in which unhealthy babies were left outside to die

A

Sparta

83
Q

The Athenian reformer who cancelled farmer’s debts and allowed all male citizens a voice in government

A

Solon

84
Q

Greeks won this battle against Persia despite being outnumbered
Pheidippides ran to warn Athens

A

Marathon

85
Q

Athens defeated Persians at this sea battle

A

Salamis

86
Q

300 Spartans died in the narrow mountain pass of _____ which allowed other Greeks to escape

A

Thermopylae

87
Q

The Athenian leader who created salaried positions in government, strengthened the navy and beautified Athens after it had been burned by the Persians.

A

Pericles

88
Q

The philosopher who questioned everything

Executed at age 70 as a corrupter of youth

A

Socrates

89
Q

The idealist philosopher who wrote the Republic, believed the ideal leader was the philosopher-king.

A

Plato

90
Q

The king of Macedon who was assassinated at a marriage feast

Father of Alexander the Great

A

Phillip II

91
Q

The realist philosopher who taught young Alexander.

Developed a system of logic based on syllogism.

A

Aristotle

92
Q

Calculated the value of pi

Discovered principles behind the use of levers

A

Archimedes

93
Q

This city was the cultural center of Hellenism founded by Alexander.

A

Alexandria

94
Q

How far did Alexander’s army go?

A

India

95
Q

What was one of Alexander’s enduring legacies?

A

The spread of the Greek language

96
Q

What is Italy shaped like?

A

Boot

97
Q

What was the basic unit of Roman social organization?

A

Family

98
Q

The virtue of discipline, strength, and loyalty which the Romans practiced

A

Gravitas

99
Q

Roman upper class represented by the Senate

A

Patricians

100
Q

Roman lower class who gained power by refusing to fight

A

Plebeians

101
Q

The office that represented the lower classes in the Senate

A

Tribune

102
Q

Two officials which directed the roman government and army

A

Consuls

103
Q

The laws of Rome were written were?

A

Twelve tables in the Forum

104
Q

Who were the Punic wars fought against?

A

Carthage

105
Q

What was the Punic war fought over?

A

The island of Sicily

106
Q

How did Rome win the first Punic war?

A

Added a gangplank to their ship

107
Q

Who was the Carthagean general who crossed the Alps to attack Rome and plundered and pillaged Italy for 13 years?

A

Hannibal

108
Q

The African who defeated Carthage at the battle of Zama to end the second Punic war

A

Scipio

109
Q

List 3 results of the Punic wars

A

Many small farmers lost their land
Slaves worked the land instead of the farmers
Wealthy became corrupt and lazy

110
Q

Roman welfare system

A

Dole

111
Q

What is a Pyrrhic victory?

A

A victory that came at too great a cost.

112
Q

The tribune who proposed limiting the size of large estates and giving land to the poor
Clubbed to death on senate floor

A

Tiberius gracchus

113
Q

Wrote Commentary on the Gallic wars

A

Julius Caesar

114
Q

Julius Caesar crossed what river with his army to Rome to become dictator?

A

Rubicon

115
Q

a member of the Second Triumvirate who accepted the title of “the Exalted One”

A

Octavian to Augustus Caesar

116
Q

Who wrote the Aeneid and why?

A

Virgil

To exalt roman virtue and the reign of Augustus

117
Q

What was the period of time from 27 BC to AD 180 when the Roman Empire led the world during a time of peace and prosperity?

A

Pax Romana

118
Q

How did the good emperors solve the problem of succession?

A

Adopting their successors

119
Q

Who was the founder of Stoicism?

A

Zeno

120
Q

Became a philosophy of eat drink, and be merry

A

Epicurianism

121
Q

The bowl shaped area in which the Sumerian culture flourished

A

Fertile Crescent

122
Q

Emperor who wrote meditations

The last of the good emperors

A

Marcus Aurelius

123
Q

The leader of the Huns who led an invasion which forced the Germanic tribes to flee into roman lands

A

Attila

124
Q

Fixed wages and prices to gear inflation in the Roman Empire

Divided the empire into two halves

A

Diocletian

125
Q

Founded new Rome as a new capital in the eastern half of the empire

A

Constantine

126
Q

Primary language of Rome

A

Latin

127
Q

3 characteristics of roman law

A

A person is innocent until proven guilty
A person’s guilt is determined by examining evidence
A person accused has the right to face his accuser and defend himself

128
Q

Four reasons Rome fell

A

Moral - pleasure over duty
Invasion of Germanic tribes
Military - relied on mercenaries
High taxes and inflation

129
Q

What is the center of Jesus’s mission from 1 Corinthians 15?

A

Death, burial, resurrection

130
Q

Four false charges against the church

A

Cannibals
Un patriotic
Atheists
Immoral

131
Q

Three effects of persecution on the early church

A

Spread of gospel
Strengthening of faith
Witness to the world

132
Q

Arose during the silent years as a center of prayer, worship, and Torah study.

A

Synagogue

133
Q

Syrian leader who sacrificed a pig on the altar in front of the temple

A

Antiochus epiphanes

134
Q

Led the Jewish rebellion against Syrian rule.

Cleansed the temple and offered sacrifices

A

Judas maccabeus

135
Q

People who sacrifice their lives for the sake of a cause or belief

A

Martyrs

136
Q

Preached the first gospel sermon on Pentecost

Baptized the first gentile believer

A

Peter

137
Q

First Christian martyr

Death led many Christians to flee Jerusalem

A

Stephen

138
Q

Established churches over much of the Roman Empire and wrote much of the New Testament

A

Paul

139
Q

Began an early persecution of the church after Rome burned

Lit his garden by burning Christians

A

Nero

140
Q

______The roman emperor who responded to a letter from ______ saying _______

A

Trajan
Pliny
Christians should not be pursued
If arrested and refuse to offer incense, they should be executed

141
Q

Bishop of Smyrna who was burned to death after refusing to deny Jesus

A

Polycarp

142
Q

People who believed that there was a secret hidden knowledge available only to the wisest Christians

A

Gnostics

143
Q

The teaching of the second century church that Christians should only meet with bishops who had studied with one of the twelve disciples of Jesus or someone who had studied with them

A

Apostolic succession

144
Q

Assembled a bible showing two gods, a judgmental god of wrath and a lowing father god

A

Marcion

145
Q

Short memorized statement of the essentials of the Christian faith

A

Creed

146
Q

A list of approved books

A

Canon

147
Q

The emperor who legalized Christianity

Called and chaired the council of Nicaea

A

Constantine

148
Q

What battle gave Constantine control of hue he Roman Empire

A

Milvian bridge

149
Q

What did Constantine see in the sky?

A

Labarum

150
Q

The document that legalized Christianity in the Roman Empire

A

Edict of Milan

151
Q

Taught that Jesus was a created being, not equal to God the father

A

Arius

152
Q

Studied classical literature in Rome, then hebrew in the desert

A

Jerome

153
Q

Jerome’s translation of the Bible into Latin

A

Vulgate

154
Q

Left Manichaeism to become the bishop of hippo

Greatest Christian writer and theologian of his era

A

Augustine

155
Q

Augustine’s autobiography

A

Confessions

156
Q

The city of God was written in response to?

A

The sack of Rome by the vandals

157
Q

What did Augustine believe about evil?

A

A corruption of good which is possible because God created humans with free will

158
Q

What is predestination?

A

The doctrine that humans are totally depraved and no longer capable of responding to God
God chooses who is to be saved out of his mercy and grace.

159
Q

What did African societies base their cultures on?

A

Clans

160
Q

What is a clan?

A

Family with common ancestors

161
Q

Storytellers who passed on oral tradition to keep history alive, highly respected

A

Griots

162
Q

Group of related languages spoken by early African peoples

A

Bantu

163
Q

Where did Christianity become the official religion?

A

Aksum

164
Q

A language blended from a Bantu language and arab words

Blended African Arab culture that developed on east Africa’s coast

A

Swahili

165
Q

Southeastern African kingdom that took its name from the stone houses of its inhabitants including a structure called the great enclosure

A

Great Zimbabwe

166
Q

Trade of these things created wealth for Ghana and other west African countries

A

Salt and gold

167
Q

The famous ruler who led the Mali empire at its height

A

Mansa musa

168
Q

Mansa musa built schools where? What happened to this city?

A

Timbuktu

West Africa’s center of education, religion, and culture

World History (14 decks)

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