Fighting Diseases

Question 1

Microorganisms that enter the body and cause diseases are called

Answer 1

Pathogens

The cause infections diseases which easily spread

Question 2

What are the two main types of pathogen

Answer 2

Bacteria and virus

Question 3

Bacteria are…

Answer 3

Very small living cells

Question 4

Bacteria are about …….. Size of your

Answer 4

1/100th ….. Body cells

Question 5

Bacteria can …….. Inside your body

Answer 5

Reproduce rapidly

Question 6

Bacteria make you feel ill by

Answer 6

Damaging your cells

Producing toxins (poisons)

Question 7

Viruses are

Answer 7

Not cells - they are much smaller

Question 8

Viruses are about ……… The size of a

Answer 8

1/100th…….. Bacterium

Question 9

How do viruses grow inside your body

Answer 9

They replicate themselves by invading your cells and using the cells machinery to copy themselves

Question 10

What happens to a cell after viruses have made copies of themselves in it

Answer 10

The cell will burst , realising all the new viruses.

Question 11

How do viruses make you feel ill

Answer 11

It is the cell damage that makes you feel ill

Question 12

How does your body stop infections getting in your body

Answer 12

Your skin, hairs and mucus in your respiratory glad( breathing pipe work) stop it

Question 13

To try prevent microorganisms getting in your body through cuts….

Answer 13

Small fragment cells called platelets help blood clot quickly to seal the wound

Question 14

If something makes it through an open wound your…. And how

Answer 14

Immune system kicks in. It realises white blood cells, they travel around your body and crawl into every part of you, constantly patrolling for microbes.

Question 15

When a white blood cell comes across a microbe what are its 3 lines of attack

Answer 15

Consuming them
Producing antibodies
Producing antitoxins

Question 16

How does a white blood cell consume a microbe

Answer 16

White blood cells can engulf a foreign cell and digest them

Question 17

How does a white blood cell produce antibodies

Answer 17

Every invading cell has unique molecules (called antigens) on its surface,

When they wbc comes across a foreign antigen, they will start to produce proteins called antibodies to lock onto and kill invading cells. The antibodies produced are specific to type of antigen so it won’t lock onto others,

Antibodies are then produced rapidly and are carried around the body to kill all similar bacteria or viruses.

If the person is infected again by the same pathogen the wbc will rapidly produce antibodies to kill it. The person is naturally immune to the pathogen and won’t get ill.

Question 18

Producing toxins is when the White blood cells

Answer 18

Counteract toxins produced by the invading bacteria