Adaptations

Question 1

Desert animals have adapted to……

Answer 1

Save water and keep cool

Question 2

What 4 ways have desert animals adapted to survive? And why

Answer 2

1- large surface area compared to volume: this lets desert animals lose more body heat which stops them overheating
2- efficient with water: they lose less water by producing small amounts of concentrated urine. They also make very little sweat. Camels do this by tolerating big changes in body temperature, while kangaroos and rats live in burrows where it’s cool.
3- good in hot conditions: they have very thin layers of body fat and a thin coat to help them lose body heat. E.g camels store fat in their humps.
4- camouflage : a sandy colour gives a good camouflage to help them avoid predators or Sneak up on prey

Question 3

Arctic animals have adapted to….

Answer 3

Reduce heat loss

Question 4

What 3 ways have Arctic animals adapted to survive?

Answer 4

1- small surface area compared to volume: animals that live in cold conditions have compact rounded shape to keep their surface area to a minimum so it reduces heat loss.
2-well insulated: they have a thick layer of blubber for insulation. It also acts as an energy store when food is scarce. Thick hairy coats keep body heat in, and greasy fur sheds water. This prevents cooling due to evaporation.
3- camouflage: Arctic animals have white fur to help them avoid predators or to sneak up on prey.

Question 5

Desert plants have adapted to…..

Answer 5

Having little water.

Question 6

What 3 ways have desert plants adapted to little water.

Answer 6

1-Small surface area compared to volume: plants lose water vapour from the surface area of their leaves.cacti have spines instead of their leaves to reduce water loss? They also have a small surface area compared to their size which also reduces water loss
2-water storage tissues: for example a cactus stores water in its thick stem
3- maximising water absorption: some cacti have shallow but extensive roots to absorb water quickly over a large area. Others have deep roots to access underground water.

Question 7

Some animals and plants are adapted to…… Give 3 reasons how

Answer 7

Deter predators.
1- some plants and animals have armour - roses (thrones) tortoise (hard shell
2- others produce poisons - bee’s and poison ivy
3- some have warning colours to scare off predators like wasps

Question 8

Microorganisms have a ……….. Of adaptations

Answer 8

Huge variety. This Is so they can live in wide ranges of environments. For example some microorganisms (e.g bacteria) are know as extremophiles. They are adapted to live in extreme conditions like super hot volcano vents and very salty lakes or at high pressure on a sea bed

Question 9

What are microorganisms called that live in extreme conditions

Answer 9

Extremophiles