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MAD Exam 3 > Fever and Rash Viruses > Flashcards

Fever and Rash Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

molluscum contagiosum structure - nucleic acid

A

large dsDNA, linear

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2
Q

molluscum contagiosum structure

A

enveloped, complex morphology, HUGE

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3
Q

molluscum contagiosum replication

A

replicated in cytoplasm

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4
Q

molluscum contagiosum clinical course

A

flesh-colored papule with central umbilication (“wart” but not a wart)

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5
Q

molluscum contagiosum treatment

A

supportive care and IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION (treatment of underlying HIV)

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6
Q

variola (smallpox) structure - nucleic acid

A

large dsDNA, linear

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7
Q

variola (smallpox) structure

A

enveloped, complex morphology, HUGE

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8
Q

variola (smallpox) replication

A

replicated in cytoplasm

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9
Q

variola (smallpox) clinical course

A

flu-like prodrome, followed by a SYNCHRONOUS vesicular rash (all vesicles in same stage, unlike chicken pox)

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10
Q

variola (smallpox) vaccine

A

live, attenuated vaccine (not safe for immunocompromised or pregnant)

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11
Q

Mpox (monkeypox) structure - nucleic acid

A

large dsDNA, linear

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12
Q

Mpox (monkeypox) structure

A

enveloped, complex morphology, HUGE

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13
Q

Mpox (monkeypox) clinical course

A

*enanthem (lesions in mouth first sometimes)
*macules to papules to vesicles 1-2 days, then pustules at 5-7 days, then scabs 7-14 days
*rash is PAINFUL
*lesions are firm or rubbery

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14
Q

Mpox (monkeypox) treatment

A

tecovirimat (TPOXX)

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15
Q

Mpox (monkeypox) vaccine

A

live non-replicating attenuating virus JYNNEOS

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16
Q

Parvovirus B19 structure - nucleic acid

A

ssDNA, linear

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17
Q

Parvovirus B19 structure

A

naked, icosahedral (very small)

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18
Q

Parvovirus B19 entry

A

receptor is the P antigen on RBCs

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19
Q

Parvovirus B19 clinical complications

A

1) aplastic crisis in patients with sickle cell (because it causes lysis of progenitor RBCs)
2) hydrops fetalis and fetal anemia, possible spontaneous abortion, in pregnant women

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20
Q

Parvovirus B19 clinical course - kids

A

childhood exanthem:
*“slapped cheek” or “fifth disease”
*flu-like symptoms
*raised, indurated facial rash, avoiding the mouth

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21
Q

Parvovirus B19 clinical course - adults

A

rash and ARTHRALGIAS due to immune complexes in skin and joints

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22
Q

dengue virus structure - nucleic acid

A

ss(+) RNA, linear

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23
Q

dengue virus structure

A

enveloped, icosahedral

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24
Q

dengue virus epidemiology and transmission

A

reservoir = monkeys & humans
vector = mosquitoes

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25
Q

dengue virus clinical course

A

*BREAKBONE FEVER:
-rash
-muscle and joint pain
-retro-orbital headache
-high fever

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26
Q

dengue virus CBC results

A

thrombocytopenia and leukopenia

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27
Q

dengue virus testing

A

*PCR detection
*antibody test

28
Q

dengue virus vaccine

A

*live attenuated tetravalent chimeric vaccine
*only give if confirmed PREVIOUS DENGUE INFECTION and living in endemic area

29
Q

why do we only vaccinate those who have already had dengue

A

ANTIBODY-DEPENDENT ENHANCEMENT causes subsequent infection with a different serotype to lead to more severe disease, including hemorrhagic fever and death

30
Q

yellow fever virus structure - nucleic acid

A

ss(+) RNA, linear

31
Q

yellow fever virus structure

A

enveloped, icosahedral

32
Q

yellow fever virus reservoir and vector

A

reservoir = monkeys and humans
vector = mosquitoes

33
Q

yellow fever virus clinical course

A

*JAUNDICE due to liver damage
*high fever
*back pain
*black vomitus
*bloody stools
*GI
*liver/kidney/heart damage

34
Q

yellow fever virus vaccine

A

live attenuated vaccine

35
Q

zika virus structure - nucleic acid

A

ss(+) RNA, linear

36
Q

zika virus structure

A

enveloped, icosahedral

37
Q

zika virus transmission and epidemiology

A

reservoir = vertebrates
vector = mosquitoes
*also, sexual and vertical transmission

38
Q

zika virus clinical course (normal)

A

*fever
*itchy rash
*arthralgia
*joint pain
*conjunctivitis

39
Q

zika virus clinical course - congenital

A

microcephaly and fetal demise

40
Q

zika virus testing

A

*PCR detection
*antibody test

41
Q

rubella virus structure - nucleic acid

A

ss(+) RNA, linear

42
Q

rubella virus structure

A

enveloped, icosahedral

43
Q

rubella virus transmission

A

respiratory droplets

44
Q

rubella virus clinical course

A

“German Measles”:
*erythematous rash starts on face, proceeds to trunk, does not coalesce

45
Q

congenital rubella syndrome

A

fetus with cataracts, heart defects, developmental delays, hearing loss

46
Q

rubella virus testing

A

antibody testing

47
Q

rubella virus vaccine

A

live attenuated “MMR” vaccine (measles, mumps, rubella)

48
Q

measles virus structure - nucleic acid

A

ss(-) RNA, linear, non-segmented

49
Q

measles virus structure

A

enveloped, helical nucleocapsid

50
Q

measles virus replication

A

(-) RNA, so needs a viral RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase protein that is virion associated

51
Q

measles virus transmission

A

respiratory droplets

52
Q

measles virus clinical course

A

“4 C’s”
1. cough
2. coryza (runny nose)
3. conjunctivitis
4. Koplik spots (on buccal mucosae)
FOLLOWED BY RASH FROM HEAD DOWN (“paint poured on head”
*becomes confluent

53
Q

measles virus treatment

A

VITAMIN A
otherwise, supportive tx

54
Q

measles virus vaccine

A

live attenuated MMR vaccine (measles, mumps, rubella)

55
Q

mumps virus structure - nucleic acid

A

ss(-) RNA, linear, non-segmented

56
Q

mumps virus structure

A

enveloped, helical nucleocapsid

57
Q

mumps virus replication

A

(-) RNA, so needs a viral RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase protein that is virion associated

58
Q

mumps virus transmission

A

respiratory droplets

59
Q

mumps virus clinical course

A

*bilateral parotitis
*fever, headache, malaise
COMPLICATIONS:
*orchitis (testicular inflammation)
*pancreatitis
*meningoencephalitis

60
Q

mumps virus vaccine

A

live attenuated MMR vaccine (measles, mumps, rubella)

61
Q

ebola virus structure - nucleic acid

A

ss(-) RNA, linear

62
Q

ebola virus structure

A

enveloped, helical, with filamentous morphology

63
Q

ebola virus replication

A

(-) RNA, so needs a viral RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase protein that is virion associated

64
Q

ebola virus transmission

A

contact with bodily fluids, fomites, dead bodies, infected bats/monkeys/apes

65
Q

ebola virus clinical course

A

*flu-like illness
*fatigue, headaches
*vomiting/diarrhea
*bleeding by stool/mucosa
*can have massive hemorrhage, shock

66
Q

ebola virus vaccine

A

single dose Ervebo vaccine (live)

MAD Exam 3 (28 decks)

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