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SS - Exam 4 > Ferrets, Rabbits/rod Derm > Flashcards

Ferrets, Rabbits/rod Derm Flashcards

1
Q

Questions to ask on derm problem presentation?

A
  1. Is it contagious to other animals in household/country?
  2. Is this zoonotic?
  3. Is this indicative of underlying problems ?
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2
Q

Adrenal disease in ferrets

A

Occurs in either sex - usually in fixed/desexed

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3
Q

Etiology of adrenal disease

A

S/N = lack of negative feedback loop of gonadotropins
Prolonged stimulation of LH and FSH to AG
Leads to hyplasia, adenomas or adenocarcinoma
=Sex hormone disorder - from AG

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4
Q

Signs of ferret adrenal disease

A

ALOPECIA
Pruritus
Swollen vulva
Stranguria- enlarged prostate
Behavior changes

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5
Q

Cyclical tail alopecia

A

Occurs in either sex, 1-5 yr old
Partial-complete tail alopecia
Comedones (black heads) NOT pruritic
No known cause
Resolves spontaneously in a few months

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6
Q

Alopecia of prolonged estrus

A

Occurs in intact female ferrets - induced ovulators
When estrus lasts 2-3 months
Causes bilaterally symmetric alopecia, swollen vulva, anemia, thrombocytopenia, Myelosuppression

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7
Q

Treating alopecia of prolonged estrus

A

OHE, induce ovulation

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8
Q

Mast cell tumors in ferrets

A

Present with small, discreet benign nodules
MOST COMMON skin tumor of ferrets
Pruritus, red/inflammed if histamine granules release

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9
Q

Basal cell tumors in ferrets

A

Present brown/black color, small discreet (ususally) benign tumors
Have the potential to ulcerate

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10
Q

Ectoparasites on ferrets

A

Fleas
Ear mites
Sarcoptic mites
Warbles
Demodectic mites

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11
Q

Demodectic mites are common in

A

Immunosuppressed ferrets in chemo or high dose prednisolone for insulinomas - facial facial alopecia

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12
Q

Less common (benign) tumors

A

Sebaceous gland adenomas
Chordoma - occur on tip of the tail
Cutaneous lymphosarcoma
Ferrets can get a wide variety of skin tumors

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13
Q

Dermatophytosis

A

Ring worm in ferrets - caused by microsporum canis
Common in young animals
Tx - same as cats
ZOONOTIC

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14
Q

Distemper dermatopathy in ferrets

A

Fatal disease in ferrets
Signs- rhinitis, conjunctivitis, pneumonia, GI signs
Skin lesions - erythema on face, leading to serborrheic dermatitis, HK on footpads

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15
Q

Sertoli cell tumor

A

Rare - since most males are neutered
Causes feminization

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16
Q

Bacterial infections in ferrets

A

Common source is bite wounds can lead to Acute moist Pyotraumatic dermatitis

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17
Q

Allergic dermatitis

A

Atopy is rare
If a ferret presents with pruritus - rule out fleas, suspect adrenal disease
HIVES is another rare differential

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18
Q

Common disorders of rabbits

A

Cheyletiella
Fleas
Myiasis
Moist dermatitis
Subcutaneous abscesses
Ulcerative pododermatitis

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19
Q

Cheyletiella - rabbits

A

Causes patchy alopecia w mild scaling
DX w tape prep
Can be asymptomatic carriers

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20
Q

Fleas - rabbits

A

Treat w revolution NOT frontline
Don’t know why but it causes illness in rabbits

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21
Q

Myiasis - rabbits

A

Maggots - Cuterebra or non Cuterebra (fly strike)
From outdoor exposure or dirty environment

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22
Q

Moist dermatitis - rabbits

A

Slobbers - drooling due to poor water source = prolonged wet skin
Or dental disorder

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23
Q

Ulcerative pododermatitis

A

Due to dirty /neglect
Infection from standing in feces /wet environment

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24
Q

Venereal spirochetosis - rabbit syphilis

A

Caused by treponema paraluiscuniculi
Transmitted via sexual contact/birth
See signs on ext genitalia and face

25
Q

Signs and Tx of rabbit syphilis

A

Hyperemia & edema followed by Macule, papules, erosions, ulcers, crusts
Injectable penicillin or spontaneous resolution

26
Q

Rabbit Dermatophytosis

A

trichophytan mentogrophytes different species
Signs w dry, crusty patches of alopecia

27
Q

Other skin disorders of rabbits

A

Ear mites
Myxomatosis
Papilloma virus
Fibrous virus
Barbering
Hair pulling
Necrobacillosis
Sebaceous adenitis
Self - mutilation after IM inj of ketamine or xylazine

28
Q

Dermatophytosis in guinea pigs

A

Trichophyton metagrophytes **
Zoonotic
Asymptomatic to focal alopecia

29
Q

mites in GP

A

Sarcoptic - trixacurus caviae : INTENSE PRURITIS
Chirodiscoides caviae - asymptomatic
Demodectic mites - Demodex caviae - asymptomatic

30
Q

Lice in GP

A

Gliricola porcelli - MOST COMMON
Spreads via contact, grossly visible
NOT zoonotic

31
Q

Cervical lymph adenitis in GP

A

Caused by strep zooepidemicus - oral commensal
Cervical swelling, thick tick pus
Tx w surgical excision - TX w non penicillin ABx

32
Q

Ulcerative pododermatitis in GP

A

Similar to rabbits - due to abrasive and dirty cages/floor

33
Q

Trichofolliculoma in GP

A

Benign basal cell epithelioma

34
Q

Alopecia without dermatitis in GP

A

Barbering
Gestational alopecia
Weanling alopecia
Ovarian cysts

35
Q

Nutritional conditions in GP

A

Scurvy - vitamin C deficiency - scaling of pinna, poor coat, crusty eye discharge
Metastatic soft tissue mineralization
Fatty acid deficiency
Riboflavin deficiency

36
Q

HK in feet of GP

A

Horny growths of lateral aspect of feet
Trim

37
Q

Male hygiene disorders

A

Circumanal plugs
Preputial dermatitis

38
Q

Dermatophytosis in chinchillas

A

Ring worm caused by trichophytan mentagrophytes
Focal alopecia, white flake dermaitits

39
Q

Fur chewing in chinchillas

A

Unknown cause - stress, overcrowding, poor foliage diet
Broken hair shafts - patchy alopecia

40
Q

Matted fur in chinchillas

A

Due to warm/humid environment w/out dust baths
Increase # or access to dust baths

41
Q

Other fur conditions of chinchillas

A

Fur slip - acute shedding of large tufts of fur, caused by fights/fear/stress
Fur ring (males) - ring of fur entrapped around prepuce causing paraphimosis

42
Q

Demodectic mange in hamsters

A

Caused by Demodex criciti- non path
Demodex aurati- pathogenic
Alopecia +/- dermatitis - common in older hamsters
Can occur w commensal parasite
Tx w nexgard

43
Q

Bacterial infections in hamsters

A

Cause bc staph aureus or strep sp
Alopecia, erythema, excoriations, abscesses

44
Q

Flank glands in hamsters

A

Normal appearence
Prominent in males
Syrian - bilateral on flank
Dwarfs - single, ventral abdomen

45
Q

HDC in hamsters

A

Caused by adrenal gland adenomas
Can have PDH form
Bilateral symmetric alopecia, PU/PD
Difficult to treat

46
Q

Other diseases in hamsters

A

Dermatophytosis - rare
Nude hamsters - usually genetics
Neoplasia - melanomas most common

47
Q

Rats - chromodacryorrhea

A

Reddish stain around eyes
Caused by virus, mycoplasma, stress

48
Q

Ulcerative dermaitis - rats

A

Skin ulcers, 2nd to self traumas
Staph bacteria most common

49
Q

Ectoparasites in rats

A

Fur mites - radfordia ensifer = pruritic
Lice - polyplasx spinulosa - rare
Notoedres mites - rare

50
Q

Neoplasia in rats

A

Uncommon unless specifically bred for
Wide variety of skin tumors reported

51
Q

Nutritional dermatosis (sunflower and peanut diet) in rats

A

Linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic acid deficiencies
Vit A, B12 & copper deficiency

52
Q

Other diseases of rats

A

Ringtail - low humidity
Pox virus - rare
Dermatophytosis - rare

53
Q

Mice ectoparasites

A

Scabies !!! My opted musculinus
Lice - polyplax serrat - rare

54
Q

Dermatophytosis in mice

A

Trichophytan metagrophytes

55
Q

Other conditions in mice

A

Barbering
Bacterial dermaitits and abscesses
Mouse pox
Nutritional deficiencies
Neoplasia

56
Q

Nasal dermatitis in gerbils

A

Epiphora, porphyrin secretion = moist dermatitis, superficial pyoderma
Caused by fumes of cedar shavings

57
Q

Cystic ovaries in gerbils

A

Common in over 50% of gerbils
Bilaterally symmetric alopecia w poor coat quality

58
Q

Hedgehogs

A

Dermatophytosis
Acariasis
Bacterial pyoderma
Papilloma virus
Neoplasia

SS - Exam 4 (28 decks)

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