Canine & Feline Otitis Flashcards
Predisposing factors of otitis
Ear conformation
Humidity
Masses/tumors
Inappropriate ear cleaning/Tx
Immunosuppression
Primary factors of otitis
Directly cause otitis externa
- allergy/Atopy *** most common of recurrent
- autoimmune
- ectoparasites *
- foreign bodies
- hypersensitivity *
Secondary factors of otitis
Factors that contribute to disease
Infections
- bacterial **
- yeast- malassezia
- fungal
- medicine reactions
- over cleaning
Perpetuating factors
Other factors that result from inflammation but delay healing and interfere with resolution
Prevalence of ear infections
Otitis externa - common disorder in dogs, less in cats
Signalment for ear infections
Young dogs 3-6y
Breeds:
Cocker spaniel
Retrievers
Terriers
Clinical signs of ear infections
Client notices:
-Pain
-Head tilt, nystagmus, circling
-Deafness
You’ll notice:
-aural erythema, swelling, discharge
- aural hematoma
- ptosis, enophthalmos, miosis
Gross exam of pinnae
Peripheral crust/scale
Erythema
Alopecia
Odor
Hair
Skin folds
Ulcerations
Otoscopic exam findings
Inflammation
Debris and discharge
Ectoparasites
Masses
Foreign bodies
Integrity of tympanic membrane
ALWAYS examine both ears
DX for otitis
Cytology - easy, quick, cheap
- can confirm presence of otitis
- ID infectious agents
C/S - indicated for otitis media or systemic therapy
MRI/CT - for otisis media
Treating otitis
Difficult - lots of factors
Cleaning, topicals, systemic
Education
Drugs for otisis
Most drugs are ototoxic - assess integrity of ear drum
Ceruminolytics
Drying agents
Acidic vs non acidic
Anti septic
Saline or water
Topical ear meds
Antimicrobials
GC’s
Parasiticides
Ototoxicity
Can occur with any topical ear cleaning/med
Aminoglycosides, loop diuretics
Signs:
Hearing loss *
Treating ear mites
Milbemycin oxime (milbemite)
Selamectin (revolution)
Imidacloprid + moxidection (advantage multi)
