Feline lymphoma Flashcards
Bertal et al. 2018. Association between US appearnce of splenic parenchyma and cytology in cats
195 cats
Sensitivity and specificty of moth eaten parenchyma for predicting malignant disease?
Sensitivity and specificty of a splenic mass > 1cm for predicting malignant disease?
A ___ appearance was more frequent in patient with high-frquency transducer than with low-frequency transducer?
A moth eaten appearnce more frequent with __ transducer
13.2% and 84.8%
21% and 94.7%
Marbled (27.6% vs. 11.1%)
High-frquency transudcer - but not significant (17.1 vs. 8.9&
A moth-eaten appearance in cats does not reflect LSA or other malignant process
The presence of splenic mass >1 cm is suggestive of malignancy
A high frequency transducer improves the detection of marbled or moth-eaten appearance
Martin et al. 2017. Mechlormethamine, vincristine, melphalan, and prednisolone rescue therapy for resistant feline LSA
12 cats - MOMP for rescue of feline LSA
CR? PR? Median duration?
Association between response and survival?
Toxicity?
What was assoiciated with improved PFS?
3 cats (25%), 4 cats (33%), 39 days
Longer in cats that acheived CR
5/12 (42%) eveloped hematologic toxicity (neutropenia) and 1 GI toxicity
Neutropenia
Elliot et al. 2017. A dexamethasone, melphalan, actinomycin-D and cytarabine chemotherapy protocol as a rescue treatment for feline LSA
19 cats with relapse high-grade/larger cell LSA (DMAC)
Response?
Toxicity?
Median PFS and OS
5 cats (26%)
3 cats grade 4 neutropenia and 1 grade 4 thrombocytopenia
14 days and 17 days
Castro-Lopez et al. 2017. Pilot study: duodenal MDR1 and COX2 gene expression in cats with inflammatory bowel diseae and low-grade alimentary lymphoma
Determine the mRNA levels of MDR1 and COX2 in cats with IBD and low-grade alimentary LSA (LGAL)
20 with IBD and 9 LGAL
MDR1 and COX2 mRNA levels?
Both increased in LGAL compared to IBD
Positive correlation between MDR1 and COX2 in duodenum in cats
These genes may be involved in pathogenesis of IBD and LGAL in cats
Probo et al. 2017. Pleural lymphocye-rich transudates in cats
Investigate association between type of infusion and primary disease
What were the diseases associated with this?
23 Cardiac disease (70%) and 8 mediatiastinal LSA (24.2%) or carcnioma or thoracic mass, 1 (3%) thymoma, 1 (3%) pyothorax
Crouse et al. 2017. Post-chemotherapy perforation on cats with discrete intermediate- or large cell GI LSA
Document the cost and prevalence and timing post-chemotherapy perforation with GI masses caused by intermediate to large cell GI LSA
23 cats with intermediate or large cell LSA
GI perforation was noted in?
Any association of perforations?
Post-hoc analysis revealed?
4/23 (17%) and occured 23, 56, 59, 87 days after induction
No association betweem tumor size, hypoproteinemia or suppurative inflammation
Magnitude of weight loss within 15-28 days at diagnosis was greater in cats with perforation
Hoehne et al. 2017. Identification of Mucosa invading and intravvascular bacteria in feline small intestinal LSA
50 cats with alimentary lymphoma (small celll 32, large 17), and 38 controls w/o LSA (normal to minimal cahnges on histopath 18, normal to minimal cahnges on histopath, lympho-plasmacytic enteritis 20)
Mucosa invasive bacteria were observed in large cell LSA, small cell LSA, normal to minimal changes on histopath, lympho-plasmacytic enteritis?
Intravascular bacteria were obseved in?
Seorosal colonization?
Large cell LSA (82%) than in small cell LSA (18%), normal to minimal change on histopathology, and lympho-plasmacytic enteritis (3%)
Large cell LSA (29%) and
Large cell LSA (57%) than small cell LSA
High frequency of invasive bacteria within large cell LSA may account for sepsis related complications associated with large cell LSA
Martini et al. 2017. Flow cytometry for feline lymphoma: a retrospective study regarding pre-analytical factors possibly affecting quality of samples
97 samples
Likelihood of the sample being processed?
What influence sample cellularity?
Did the sample cellularity and likelihood of sample being processed differ between peripheral or abdominal lesions?
How many cats required pharmacological restarint?
Sample cellularity
Needle size - 21G being best
No
1/2
Finotello et al. Feline large granular lymphocyte lymphoma: An Italian Society of Veterinary Oncology (SIONCOV) retrospective study
Where was LGL localized?
CBC abnormalities?
Chemistry abnormalities?
How frequent was elevated LDH?
Treatments varied - surgery (11%), chemo (23%), steroids (38.5%)
Median TTP and MST?
MST was shorter in which cats?
GI tract with or without extraintestinal involvement in 91% and extra-intestinal 8.3%
Anemia (31%) and neutrophilia (26.6%), neoplastic circulating cells (12.8%)
Elevated ALT (39.4%) and hypoalbuminea (28.4%)
54.1% (20/37)
5 days and 21 days
Substage b, circulating neoplastic cells, lack of chemo administration, lack of treatment response
Small subset survived more than 6 months (7.3%)- favourable clinical course can be found
Tamamoto et al. 2017. Effects of serum amyloid A on matrix metalloproteinase-9 production in feline lymphoma - derived cell lines
SAA and MMP-9 are increased in cats with LSA
SAA and MMP-9 production evaluated using recombinant SAA in 3 cell lines
What happened to MMP-9 expression after stimulation with rSAA?
At what concentration of rSAA was the increase noted?
What else was noted with regards to infiltrative activities after stimulation with rSAA?
Significantly increased in MCC cells (1 cell line)
Significant increased at 5 abd 25 ug/ml of rSAA stimulation
Stimulated cell infiltration in MCC cells
SAA can cause progression in some forms of LSA
Mochizuki et al. 2017. Genetic and epigenetic aberrations of p16 in feline primary neoplastic diseases and tumor cell lines of lymphoid and non-lymphoid origins
p16 acts as a tumor suppressor gene by regulating the cell cycle and is inactivated in human and canine cancers
74 primary tumors and 11 cell lines
Sequencing analysis of the p16 promoter revealed?
Treatment with demethylating agent?
What genetic alterations were noted following sequence analysis?
Methylation specific PCR analysis revealed promoter methylation how frequently?
Promoter methylation was frequent in what type of tumor?
Promoter methylation was associated with decreased mRNA expression
Restored mRNA expression
Homozygous loss (5 tumors, 6.7%) and missense mutation (1 tumor, 1.4%)
14% - 10 tumors/74
B cell lymphoid tumors (33%, 7/21)
Wolfesburger et al. 2017. Does categorisation of lymphoma subtypes according to the World Health Organization classification predict clinical outcome in cats?
30 cats
What was the most prevalent subtype?
MST?
Did treatment with glucocorticoids prior to chemotherapy worsen prognosis?
Did the addition of surgery, RT, or chemo improve outcome?
MST with intestinal T-cell LSA and DLBCL? Peripheral TCL?
T-cell-rich B cell LSA MST compared to DLBCL?
Peripheral TCL (37%), DLBCL (23%), intestinal TC (10%), Tcell rich Bcell (10%), LGL (7%), anaplastic large T cell (7%), B cell small lymphocytic (3%), T cell angiotropic LSA (3%)
5.4 months
No
No
- 7 years and 4.5 months - longer survival with intestinal TCL, 6.1 months
- 2 years
Gress et al. 2016. Characterization of the T-cell receptor gamma chain gene rearragements as an adjunct tool in the diagnosis of T-cell LSA in the GI tract of cats
Aim was to optimize DNA extraction protocol for PCR based TCR clonality testing for confirmation
Sawa et al. 2015. Development and application of multiple immunoflourescence staining for diagnostic cytology of canine and feline LSA
Develop multiple immunoflourescence (MIF) staining method to determine lymphocyte immunophenotype in cytology speciments
B and T cells were detected in frozen sections using formalin fixation without antigen retrieval
Specific flourescence also detected in smears from normal LNs and LSA and immunophenotyoes predicted MIF corresponded to clonality analysis
MIF can be used on single smear sample
Kaye et al. Role of feline immunodefiency virus in lymphomagenesis-Going alone or colluding?
Review article
Increased incidence of neoplasia - 20% in some studies
The most frequently reported neoplasia with FIV infection?
LSA
Rau et al. A retrospective evaluation of lomustine in 32 treatment naiive cats with intermediate to large cell GI LSA
Response rate?
Median duration of response?
Median PFS?
MST?
What factors were associated with PFS?
50%
302 days (10 months)
132 days (4.4 months)
108 days (3.6 months)
Hyporexia, anemia, dose of lomustine
Terragini et al. Is serum total LDH able to differentiate between Alimentary LSA and IBD in a real world clinical setting?
An increase in LDH is a negative prognostic factor for survival in cats with LSA
What 2 factors were found to be significant in influencing differentiation of serum LDH between cats with alimentary LSA and those with IBD?
What was the diagnostic accuracy?
Gender and age
63%
Poor diagnostic accuracy
Rydzewski et al. 2016. Identification of a novel feline granular lymphoma cell line (S87) as non-MHC-restricted cyctotoxic T-cell line and assessment of its genetic stability
Felisberto et al. Evaluation of Pax5 expression and comparison with BLA.36 and CD79acy in feline NHL
Paired box gene 5 (Pax5) is a B-cell marker in human and canine nHL - 1 case report using Pax5 in cat BCL
45 FnHL in 45 cats
Which phenotype was the most common for all the samples?
Which phenotype was the most common for all GI samples?
Pax-5 stained what % of BCL? TCL?
B-cell (51.1%)
T-cell (64.3%)
82.6% and none for TCL
Mandara et al. 2016. Distribution of feline LSA in the central and peripheral nervous systems
Most common neoplasia affecting the spinal cord and second most common intracranial tumor
Lymphoma can exhibit wide range of morphological patterns - intraparenchymal brain mass, lymphomatosis cerebri, intravascular LSA, lymphamatous chondritis and meningitis, extradural, intradural-extramedullary or intramedullary LSA in the spinal cord, or neurolymphomatosis in the pripheral nerves
Roccabianca et al. 2016. Cutaneous LSA at injection sites: Pathological, Immunophenotypical, and molecular characterisation in 17 cats
Feline primary cutanoeus LSA accounts for 0.2% to 3% of all LSA and are frequently dermal non-epitheliotropic small T-cell tumors
A majority of male (12/17), domestic short-haired (13/17) cats with a mean age of 11.3 years was reported.
Postinjection time of development ranged from 15 days to approximately 9 years in 5 cats. At diagnosis, 11 of 17 cats had no evidence of internal disease.
Lymphomas developed in interscapular (8/17), thoracic (8/17), and flank (1/17) cutaneous regions; lacked epitheliotropism; and were characterized by necrosis (16/17), angiocentricity (13/17), angioinvasion (9/17), angiodestruction (8/17), and peripheral inflammation composed of lymphoid aggregates (14/17).
FeLV gp70 and/or p27 proteins were expressed in 10 of 17 tumors. By means of World Health Organization classification, immunophenotype, and clonality, the lesions were categorized as large B-cell lymphoma (11/17), anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma (3/17), natural killer cell-like (1/17) lymphoma, or peripheral T-cell lymphoma (1/17).
Lineage remained uncertain in 1 case. Cutaneous lymphomas at injection sites (CLIS) shared some clinical and pathological features with feline injection site sarcomas and with lymphomas developing in the setting of subacute to chronic inflammation reported in human beings. Persistent inflammation induced by the injection and by reactivation of FeLV expression may have contributed to emergence of CLIS.
Andrews et al. 2016. Cross lineage rearragement in feline enteropathy associated TCL
Determine cross-lineage reaarement in feline EATL type II
What was the cross-lineage reaaregemnt using histology, IHC, and PARR testing?
8.7%
Hammer et al. Characterisation of a PCR-based lymphocyte clonality assay as a complementary tool for the diagnosis of feline LSA
Diagnostic sensitivity and specificty of different primer sets for diagnosis of feline TCR gamma and complete IG heavy chain reaargements were assessed
Detection limits for clonal population within a polyclonal background was ___ for B cells and ___ T cells
Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for clonality assay?
Overall diagnostic accuracy, PPV, and NPV
90% and 50%
70% and 90%
77%, 93%, 60%
Fu et al. 2016. Apoptosis and Ki-67 predictive factors for response to radiation therapy in feline nasal LSAs
With regards to apoptotic index a statistical difference was observed betweem which groups with regards to response?
How about ki-67 with regards to response?
Which was associated with prolonged survival time?
Complete response and stable disease (1.22%)
Higher in cats with CR and PR than in cats with SD (44.4% and 39.6% and 16.3%)
Not apoptotic index (>0.9%) but high Ki-67 positive (>40%) had longer survival time
Spontaneous apoptosis and Ki-67 indices are strong predictors for response to RT in feline nasal LSA
Collette et al. Treatment of feline intermediate to high grade LSA with a modified university Wisconsin-Madison protocol: 119 cases (2004-2012)
Describe outcome of cats with intermediate to high grade LSA that were prescribed a 25 week UW-25 protocol
PFI and MST?
Which cats had longer PFI and MST?
56 days (2 months) and 97 days (3 months)
Cats having CR had significantly longer PFI and MST than with PR or no response (PFI 205 days or 7 months vs. 54 days and MST 318 days or 10.6 months vs. 27 days)
