Feline Flashcards
What type of reproductive cycle does the feline have?
Seasonal breeder - require long daylight hours for cycling to occur Seasonal polyestrus (feb to nov) Induced ovulatory
Age of puberty in the cat?
4-12 months
Early season kittens may not reach puberty before the seasonal anestrus —>Will reach puberty following season when they are 1yr old
Late season kittens mature through the seasonal anestrus —> increasing day length will trigger cyclicity, and they may be as young as 4 months
What are the stages of feline estrous?
Proestrus Estrus — acceptance of mating Post-estrus (interestrus) — when no ovulation has occurred, period in queen not mated Diestrus — when ovulation has occurred Anestrus
What time of the year is anestrus in the queen?
October/ november through January
Signs of proestrus in the queen?
Increased activity, vocalization
Increased affection towards people, rubbing up against things
Rising estrogen levels
Signs of estrus in the queen?
Vocalization
Rolling behaviour
Assuming breeding position
Treating with hind legs
How long is estrus in the queen?
3-16days
What is post-estrus?
Period between successive estrus periods if no ovulation occurs
interestrus period 8-10days, no sexual receptivity during this time
T/F: diestrus in the queen only occurs once ovulation has been induced by breeding
True
How long id diestrus if the queen is pregnant ?
65 days
How long is diestrus is there is a pseudopregancy?
40-45days
How can you induce ovulation in the queen without copulation?
GnRH or hCG
T/F: the queen requires multiple breedings for complete ovulation to occur
True
What infectous dz should you screen for in a pre-breeding exam?
Feline leukemia
FIV
FIP
At how many days of pregnancy is relaxin detectable?
25days
At how many days can you diagnosed pregnancy be abdominal palpation?
16-30days
“String of pearls”
Earliest day of pregnancy that you can do rads in the queen?
43days
In canine is 45 days
When is a heartbeat detectable by US in the queen?
20-25days
Teratogens in the queen?
Glucocorticoids
Griseofluivin
Panleukopenia virus
Non-infectous causes of pregnancy loss in the queen?
Ovulation failure Early embryonic death Taurine deficiency Fetal chromosomal aberration Stress on queen
Infectious causes of pregnancy loss in the queen?
Feline herpes virus FIV FeLV FIP Feline panleukopenia virus Bacterial Protozoa — toxoplasma gondii
What does feline herpes virus cause?
Abortion
Maceration
Placental necrosis
Congenital fetal infection
Clinical signs in queen —> may see nasal discharge, may not see any
What does FIV cause in the acutely infected queen?
Arrested development of fetus
Abortion
Still birth
Viable, infected kittens (71% are born with virus)
FLV causes what in in-utero transmission?
Fetal/neonatal death in 80% of kittens
Resorption or abortion
What does Feline Infectous Peritonitis cause in the pregnant queen?
Abortion - stillbirths
Fading kittens
What does feline panleukopenia cause in the pregnant queen?
Cerebellar hypoplasia
Abortion
Still birth
Neonatal death
T/F: as with canines, felines will have a pre-partum drop in temperature
False
Most common cause of dystocia in the queen?
Primary uterine inertia
— oxytocin, surgery
How soon after parturition can the queen return into estrus and conceive another litter?
7-8days
How would you manage a uterine prolapse in the queen?
Manual reduction and OHE
How would you manage metritis in the queen?
Increased incidence with dystocia and RP
Antibiotics
Ecbolics
OHE
Mammary hypertrophy is usually seen under the influence of what hormone?
P4
Usually regresses after luteolysis
T/F: mammary carcinomas in cats are usually malignant ?
True
Requires radical resection
What is the single most important prognostic indicator ?
Less than 2 cm in size
What test can confirm ovarian remnant syndrome?
Anti-mullerian hormone
Normal signs of estrus after OHE
E2 levels/cytology
Treatment for Ovarian remnant syndrome ?
HCG or GnRH to lutenize and confirm
Surgical exploratory to remove
Most common type of ovarian neoplasia in cats?
Granulosa cell tumor —> prolonged estrus
TX of pyometra in cat?
OHE + antibiotics
PGF2a in breeding females
Usually Ecoli
Causes vulvar discharge, anorexia, and abdominal distention
What can spines on the penis of a tom cat indicate?
Intact
Cryptorchid
Androgen producing tumor
Testosterone injected
What can a non-bared penis of a cat indicate?
Castrated Prepubertal Intersex Estrogen injected Estrogen producing tumor Cryptorchid
What glands does the tom cat have?
Prostate
Bulbourethral glands
In a normal sperm sample, what should be the total number of sperm, the total volume, motility and morphology be?
21-117 x 10^6 cells
0.03-0.09 mls
Motility 40-80%
Morphologically 50-70% normal
What sperm collection methods involves inserting a urinary catheter about 9cm into the urethra?
Medetomidine urethral collection
Can use with or without ketamine
