fat Flashcards
what are the three main types of fats
triglycerides, sterols and phosphilipids
where are triglycerides stored
in adipose tissue
what is the structure of triglycerides
glycerol backbone + 3 fatty acids
what are the structural differences between saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids
saturated fatty acids have no double bonds - straight chain fatty acids meaning they have higher intermolecular bonding and are solid at room temperate - tend to be unhealthy fats - animal fats
unsaturated fatty acids have at least one double bond
which means the fatty acid chains are bent, hence have lower intermolecular forces between as they dont pack as tightly together - this means they are liquids at room temperature - tend to be plant oils and healthier fats
what are the essential fatty acids
lineolic acid and alpha-lineolic acid
what are alphalineolic and linoeic acids used for
precursors
which type of isomer is more naturally occuring
cis isomer
describe the structure of phospholipids
glycerol backbone + 2 fatty acids + phosphate group + base
where are phospholipids mostly found
in the cell membranes
describe the structure of sterols
ringed structure containing CH &O
what is an example of a sterol
cholesterol
where is cholesterol derived and where synthesised
derived from diet and synthesised in liver and intestine
how is cholesterol lost from the body
through bile and bile salts
what substances can cholesterol be converted to
vitamin D, sex hormones, glucocorticoids and mineral corticoids
what is the recommended fat intake
35% of food energy
