Families Flashcards
March of Progress view (Couples)
The ‘new man’ means couples have an equal share of housework and childcare.
Willmott and Young (Couples) 1973
- Suggested family was becoming more symmetrical by the end of the modern age.
- Shared leisure time, childcare responsibilities and domestic labour
- Contrast to earlier research by Bott and Parsons - segregated conjugal roles.
Triple shift (Couples)
(Duncombe and Marsden)
Women have paid work, domestic work, emotional work
Decision making (Couples)
Men have power decision making because they earn more
Parsons (Couples)
Domestic division of labor
Expressive & Instrumental roles
Fran Ansley (Couples)
Women are the ‘takers of shit’
What are conjugal roles (Couples)?
The roles taken on by males & females in a relationship
Can be segregated or joint/integrated
Postman (Childhood)
Childhood is disappearing, e.g. TV blurs information hierarchy
Aries (Childhood)
Middle ages, children were mini adults
March of Progress view (Childhood)
Has gotten better, removing child labour laws eg
Murdock (Theories)
4 theories of the family:
- Socialisation of young
- Sex drive
- Reproduction of next-gen.
- Economic satisfaction
Parsons (Theories)
The nuclear family had to evolve to be geographically mobile.
- Primary socialization of young
- Stabilisation of adult personalities
Marxist Feminists (Theories)
Capitalism is the main form of women’s oppression in the family.
Women are ‘takers of shit’
Personal Life Perspective (Theories)
Interactionalist approach
Relationships give a sense of identity
__% of marriages end in divorce (Changing family patterns)
over 40%
Fletcher (Changing family patterns)
The rising expectation of marriage through movies -> Dissatisfaction.
Individualization Thesis (Changing family patterns)
Traditional family roles have lost hold over people
Chester (Family diversity)
The nuclear family remains dominant, although there has been an increase in diversity
Conventional family -> Neo-conventional
Parsons (Family diversity)
Rejects diversity and believes nuclear family is the only family functional for society.
New Right (Family diversity)
Agrees with Parsons that the nuclear family is best
- the lone parent family type leads to delinquency.
Rapoports & Rapoports (Family diversity)
Diversity = positive
5 types of diversity e.g.
Organizational, Cultural, Life-stage, Social class & Generational
Oakley - Conventional Family (Couples)
- Despite improvements for women in the workplace they are still expected to perform a number of domestic duties
- Dual Burden: Paid employment & Responsibility for childcare and housework
- Developed by Duncombe and Marsden- ‘Triple shift’ - emotional, childcare & housework and paid employment
A Movement towards equality? (Couples) (4)
- Gershunny (2000) - there has been a movement towards equality but men still ‘lag’ behind on housework.
- ONS (2016) survey into unpaid labour at home suggested men do 16 hrs/week unpaid labour c.w. women’s 26 hrs/week in partnerships where both partners work.
- Female employment led to decline in unpaid work women are doing - e.g. placing children in childcare
- Food Standards Agency (2007) - Found 77% of women take responsibility for food shopping at home
