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Sociology > Education > Flashcards

Education Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is material deprivation? (E)

A

The inability to afford basic resources

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2
Q

What is cultural deprivation? (E)

A

Deficiencies in-home/family backgrounds

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3
Q

Examples of cultural deprivation

[3] (E)

A

Primary Socialisation
Speech codes
Lack of cultural capital

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4
Q

Examples of material deprivation

[3] (E)

A

Overcrowding
Lack of heating
Poor nutrition -> Illness -> Absence (Howard)

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5
Q

Bernstein (E)

A

Speech codes - restricted & eleborate

Disadvantages WC

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6
Q

Douglas (E)

A

Parents education -> may undervalue education

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7
Q

Sugarmann (E)

A

4 aspects as barriers to achievement:

Fatalism, Collectivism, Immediate gratification, Present time orientation

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8
Q

Bourdieu (E)

A

Cultural capital -> MC better equipped

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9
Q

What are internal factors? (E)

A

Factors inside the school environment hindering achievement

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10
Q

Internal factors of educational difference (E 1/2)

A 
Labelling
Streaming
Subcultures 
Pupil Identities
Self-fulfilling prophecy
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11
Q

Becker (E)

A

Teachers label how close student is to ‘ideal pupil’

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12
Q

Rosenthal and Jacobson (E)

A

Self-fulfilling prophecy- students labelled as spurters had significant growth

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13
Q

Gillborn and Youdell (E)

A

Teachers labelling working-class students as unintelligent -> resulted in lower sets/streams

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14
Q

Polarisation

Lacey

A

When pupils respond to a streaming by moving to a pro/anti-school subculture.

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15
Q

Differentiation

Lacey

A

Those placed in higher streams gain higher status

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16
Q

Pupil Identities (E)

A

Pupils invest in ‘Nike identities, self-exclusion from education because it does not fit their identity

17
Q

Ethnic statistics - who achieves best?

A

Chinese & White Middle-Class pupils

18
Q

Ethnic statistics - who achieves worst?

A

Black Caribbean & Gypsy Roma

19
Q

Linguistic skills - Ethnic

A

Bereiter and Engelmann - Black Caribbean language impractical and disjointed.

20
Q

Family Structure - Ethnic

A

Many Black Caribbean lone-parent families - lack of male role model.

21
Q

Fuller

A

High achieving black girls rejected teachers’ stereotypes.

22
Q

Ethnocentric Curriculum

A

Troyna and Williams
English curriculum priorities white culture + English holidays + language.
Ball: ‘little Englandism’

23
Q

Impact of Feminism

A

Girls changing priorities from the 70s-90s, more career dominated & independent now.

24
Q

GIST programs

A

Encouraging girls to study science and technology.

25
Q

Role models - gender

A

More female teachers (only 1/6 primary school = male)

Feminization of education.

26
Q

Swann

A

Girls get more positive feedback.

27
Q

‘Male identity crisis’

A

A decline in manual labour, less motivation to get qualifications.
Coursework = bad for boys
‘Laddish’ - boys have to be masculine

28
Q

‘Bedroom culture’

A

Girls bedroom culture encourages language and communication skills + homework.

29
Q

Parsons

A 
Education = meritocratic
Education = agent of socialisation
30
Q

Davis & Moore

A

Education = role allocation for jobs

31
Q

Durkheim

A

Schools act as a miniature society

  • Social solidarity
  • Specialist schools
32
Q

Bowles and Gintis

A

Meritocracy = myth

Hidden curriculum in schools

33
Q

Althusser

A

Education reproduces and legitimizes inequalities

34
Q

What is Marketisation

A

Increasing the amount of competition between schools in the British education system

35
Q

Examples of marketisation in schools

A
  • League Tables
  • OFSTED
  • Parentocracy
  • 1988 Education Act
36
Q

Evaluation of marketisation

A
  • Ball: M/C parents are ‘skilled choosers’ able to use economic capital and social networks to decide adequate schools
  • W/C parents = ‘disconnected choosers’ - no real choice, have to send children to local schools
  • Schools place more effort into those who will achieve A-C grades - others labeled as hopeless
  • ‘Cream-skimming’ only choosing best
37
Q

What is the Tripartite system?

A
  • Established by 1944 Butler Act
  • Grammar Schools, Secondary Modern & Technical Schools
  • Children had to take 11+ test - secondary modern schools were inferior
38
Q

How has the education system become globalised?

A
  • Performance rankings, allowing for International comparison between education systems - PISA rankings & TIMSS
  • Governments look to other education systems to improve their own
39
Q

Examples of globalisation policies in education + Criticisms

A
  • Variety of schools - free schools [Scandinavian], academies
  • Skills for a global marketplace- national literacy and numeracy strategy
  • Raising standards for teachers
  • University entrance for overseas students
  • Doesn’t recognize cultural differences between education
  • Limited range of subjects monitored
  • Validity and reliability of testing is questionable

Sociology (46 decks)

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