factors contributing to health status Flashcards
what are they?
- smoking
- alcohol
- high body mass index
- dieters risks
- high intake of fat
- high intake of salt
- high intake of sugar
- low intake of fibre
- low intake of iron
- underconsumption of vegetables
- underconsumption of fruit
- under consumption of dairy foods
why is smoking a risk?
smoking is one of the leading causes of preventable illness, disability and premature death in australia
- tobacco smoke reduces the amount of oxygen in the blood and therefore the heart has to pump harder to supply the body with the oxygen it needs which can cause CVD
- causes a great deal of damage to the key genes that protect against cancer
- smoking in pregnancy can cause miscarriages and low birthweight
why is alcohol a risk?
- excessive intake of alcohol can cause injuries such as road accidents, fire injuries, falls & drownings, child abuse, suicide, violence
- risky behaviours
- alcohol adds KJ toghe diet and may increase energy intake and fat storage further therefore increases the risk of obesity
- long term use of excessive alcohol can cause high blood pressure- heart attack or stroke (CVD)
why is high body mass a risk?
- in type 2 diabetes the body kay produce enough insulin but its action may be balked by excess fat around the cells- type 2 diabetes
- excess body fat triggers the release of certain proteins from fat cells that negatively affect the secretion of insulin which may overwork the pancreas and increases blood sugar leading to type 2
- having excess body fat increases the risk of CVD, high blood pressure
what is BMI?
the prescience of excess fat tissue In the body. BMI= weight (KG)/ height M2
- obesity occurs when a person consumes more KJ then they burn
- 25+ overweight
- 30+ obese
why is hight intake of fat a risk?
- fats consumes in high amounts on a regular basis will be stored by the body and will increases body fat (obesity)
- consumption of fat can cause the arteries to narrow due to the build up of plaque which can reduce the blood flow through an artery (heart attack or stroke- CVD)
- a high level of cholesterol in the blood is a risk factor for coronary heart diseases- heart attack
-a diet high in fat increases the risk of colorectal cancer
why is high intake of salt a risk?
- a diet high in sodium and low in potassium is a risk factor for hypertension (CVD)
- high consumption of salt is linked with greater disposal of calcium in urine leading to a loss of claim thats needed for maintaining bone density- osteoporosis
why is high intake of sugar a risk?
- high intake of sugar increases fat storage- obesity
- diabetes (fat blocking insulin)
- sugary diets raise the sugar levels increasing the risk of CVD
why is low intake of fibre a risk?
- fibre decreases the absorption of dietary cholesterol therefore helping to lower blood cholesterol levels
- fibre promotes regular bowel movements helping to prevent constipation
- can cause colorectal cancer as poles may not be removed
- fibre provides a feeling of ‘satiety’ and ‘fullness’ leading to a decrease in the unitary of foods consumed as well as snacking helping to prevent overeating and therefore overweight or obesity
why is low intake or iron a risk?
-anaemia, low intake of iron can cause insufficient haemoglobin in the red blood cells to carry oxygen to meet the body’s needs this makes the red blood cells work harder to carry oxygen around the body
why is the underconsumption of vegetables a risk?
- high in fibre- satiety
- provide a wide range of nutrients
- vegetables are highly recommended as a preventive amuser against colon cancer
- protects against CVD, type 2 diabetes, reduces risk of excess eight gain
why is the underconsumption of fruit a risk?
- provides a wide range of vitamins & minerals
- low energy in density when eaten whole
- daily serve of fruit is associated with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease
- risk for overweight & obesity, stroke
- fruit reduces the total energy intake prevents against weight gain
why is the underconsumption of dairy a risk?
- provides a good source of calcium and other nutrients
- osteoporosis- calcium is one of the main bone- forming minerals helping the bones to reach peak bone mass- osteoporosis later on in life as bones aren’t as strong
3 foods high in fat
- processed foods
- breads
- cakes
3 foods containing high amounts of iron
- red meat
- legumes
- nuts
- wholegrain cereal products
