Fabrics And Fibres

Question 0

Continuous filaments

Answer 0

Very long fibres

Question 1

Fibres

Answer 1

Fine hair-like structures and is used to make yarn

Question 2

Staple fibres

Answer 2

Short fibres

Question 3

Yarn

Answer 3

Twisted fibres used to make fabrics

Question 4

Classifying fibres

Answer 4

Natural fibres and manufactured fibres

Question 5

Natural fibres and examples

Answer 5

Come from nature they are plant sources or animal sources e.g cotton, wool, silk, linen

Question 6

Manufactured fibres and examples

Answer 6

Created from a mixture of raw materials e.g synthetic and regenerated fibres

Question 7

Cotton

Answer 7

It grows in hot moist climates, mainly produced in China, USA and India most common used natural fibre

Question 8

Production of cotton

Answer 8

The bolls are picked by hand or machine
The fibres are separated from the seeds
Fibres are pressed into bales
Cotton is graded according to length
Fibres are combed and spun into yarn

Question 9

Desirable properties of cotton (5)

Answer 9

Absorbent
Doesn't cling
Cool
Strong 
Easy to wash
Easy to dye and bleach

Question 10

Undesirable properties of cotton

Answer 10

Creases
Not stretchy 
Burns easily 
Shrinks
Damaged by mildew

Question 11

Fabrics of cotton (5)

Answer 11

Flannelette                  Muslim
Towelling.                   Denim
Poplin
Lawn
Cotton
Gingham

Question 12

Uses of cotton (7)

Answer 12

Clothes. Jackets
Jeans. Trousers
Sweatshirts. Dresses
Shirts. Baby clothes
T-shirts. Nightwear
Underwear. Towels

Question 13

Linen

Answer 13

Grows from flax plant, from cool damp climates e.gIreland, Belgium, Russia, France

Question 14

Production of linen

Answer 14

Flax grows a metre high stems pulled by the root
The stems are soaked for weeks (retting)
Fibres are separated from the woody parts
Fibres are combed and spun into yarn
Long fibres are produced in fine yarn
Short fobres are made in coarse yarn

Question 15

Desirable properties of linen (5)

Answer 15

Absorbent 
Cool
Strong
Hardwearing
Easily washed
Doesn't attract dirt easily

Question 16

Undesirable properties of linen

Answer 16

Creases easily 
Burns easily 
Shrinks
Damaged by mildew
Difficult to dye

Question 17

Fabrics of linen

Answer 17

Damask
Canvas
Cambric

Question 18

Uses of linen

Answer 18

Suits, dresses, shirts, tablecloths, napkins

Question 19

Wool

Answer 19

Most common animal fibre, soft hair from sheep, produced in UK, New Zealand, USA, Ireland

Question 20

Production of wool

Answer 20

fleece is removed from the sheep,
Graded by fineness, colour, length,
It’s cleanded and combed
Spun and into yarn

Question 21

Desirable properties of wool

Answer 21

Warm, soft, absorbent, stretchy, resilient

Question 22

Undesirable properties of wool(5)

Answer 22

Shrinks, feels itchy, pills, easily scorched, damaged by moths, doesn’t dry easily,

Question 23

Fabrics of wool(5)

Answer 23

Flannel, tweed, jersey, serge, velour, gabardine, crêpe

Question 24

Silk

Answer 24

Made since ancient times, made by silkworms, made in Japan, China,

Question 25

Production of silk

Answer 25

Made by silkworms, silkmoths lay eggs, new worms eat leaves from mulberry trees They spin cocoons of silk, heated and soaked and threads removed Threads are wound onto reels and spun into thicker yarn

Question 26

Desirable properties of silk (5)

Answer 26

Absorbent, lightweight yet warm, strong, smooth, drapes well, crease resistance

Question 27

Undesirable properties of silk

Answer 27

Flammables, damaged by careless handling, damaged by moths, damaged by chemicals

Question 28

Uses of wool

Answer 28

Jumpers, coats, blankets, rugs, suits, upholstered

Question 29

Fabrics of silk

Answer 29

Wild silk, slub silk, chiffon, satin, taffeta, organza

Question 30

Uses of silk

Answer 30

Shirts, scarves, curtains, cushions, ties, evening wear

Question 31

Regenerated fibres

Answer 31

This contains cellulose from plants such as wood, seawood and cotton waste

Question 32

Production of regenerated fibres

Answer 32

The cellulose from plants is pulped and mixed from chemicals It's made into a thick liquid It's forced through a spinneret to make yarn Yarn is twisted and cut

Question 33

Desirable properties of regenerated fibres

Answer 33

Absorbent Easy to dye Cool

Question 34

Undesirable properties of regenerated fibres

Answer 34

Crease easily not very durable

Question 35

Fabrics of regenerated fibres

Answer 35

Viscose Acetate Tencel

Question 36

Uses of regenerated fibres

Answer 36

Lightweight clothes Tablecloths Napkins Curtains

Question 37

Production of synthetic fibres

Answer 37

Chemicals from petroleum are mixed to produce thick liquid The liquid is forced through a spinneret Continuos filaments make smooth yarn Fibres can be cut into staple fibres

Question 38

Desirable properties of synthetic fibres

Answer 38

``` Strong Elastic Durable Stretchy Crease resistance ```

Question 39

Undesirable properties of synthetic fibres

Answer 39

Doesn't absorb moisture Clingy Flammable Cause static

Question 40

Fabrics of synthetic fibres

Answer 40

``` Nylon Polyester PVC Acrylic(dralon) Elastane(lycra) ```

Question 41

Uses of synthetic fibres

Answer 41

``` Nylon:tights Polyester:shirts Acrylic:jumper PVC:handbags Elastane:swimwear ```

Question 42

Blended fabrics

Answer 42

To make more desirable properties e.g polycottone

Question 43

Spinning yarn

Answer 43

The process of of twisting fibres into yarn, it gives strength

Question 44

Weaving

Answer 44

The interlacing of yarns at the right angles to each other tweed and denim are examples

Question 45

The warp

Answer 45

The strong thread, runs in the direction of the length of the fabric

Question 46

The weft

Answer 46

The weaker thread, runs in the direction of the width of the fabric

Question 47

The straight grain

Answer 47

The direction of the warp

Question 48

The bias

Answer 48

The diagonal line of a fabric

Question 49

Knitting

Answer 49

Linking together loops of yarn into knots called stiches knitted products are jumpers, sock, tights, tracksuit and pants

Question 50

Advantages of knitted fabrics

Answer 50

Stretchy, comfortable, warm, crease resistance

Question 51

Non-woven fabrics or bonded fabrics

Answer 51

They are made directly from fibres without being made into yarn, fobres are held together by using adhesive, heat, pressure or stitching

Question 52

Examples of non woven fabrics

Answer 52

Disposable cloths, masks, snooker tables, tennis balls and nappies

Question 53

Advantages of non woven fabrics

Answer 53

Does not fray, cheap to produce, keeps their shape well, economical to use beacuse there is no straight grain