(F) BREEDS, BREED ASSOCIATION, COLORS & MARKINGS Flashcards
What is a wild bay?
A form of bay where the points are lower (only extend to the fetlocks) or are not as solid.
What is the term for a trait commonly seen in Sabino’s where there is a light silver colored tail with the mane not usually affected?
A Gulastra Plume
Name three breeds that are primarily Sabino.
The Gelderland, the Shire and the Clydesdale
What is a rare pattern normally found in horses from
Argentina?
Manchado
What is the term for a blanket coloring that doesn’t have spots in it?
Snowcap
What is it called when a horse with the graying gene is born with white hairs already forming around their eyes?
They are said to have “goggles”.
What is the term for a gray horse with only white hair?
Porcelain Gray
What is the term for when the skin loses pigmentation around the thin-skinned areas?
Pinkie Syndrome
What are the five types of roans and their base coat colors?
Red Roan-Chestnut; Bay Roan-Bay; Blue Roan-Black; Lilac Roan-Liver Chestnut; Honey Roan-Palomino or Blonde Sorrel
What is the Australian word for silver coloring?
Taffy
What color eyes does the champagne horse have?
Amber or hazel eyes
Name four champagne colors.
Gold (chestnut base coat), amber (bay base coat), sable (seal brown base coat), and classic (black base coat).
What was a champagne mixed with a cream gene formerly called?
Ivory champagne
What is a very rare color found only in certain families of Shetland Ponies; this color has the appearance of a silver dapple but the dilution affects only red pigment, resulting in an earthy, cool-toned beige-like brown?
Mushroom
What is a face marking similar to a blaze or bald face, except that the face has been recolored, similar to a reverse blaze?
Badger face
What is the difference between ermine spots and distal spots?
Ermine spots are tiny spots of dark color on a white coronet; distal spots are sots of dark color surrounded by white and occur above the ankle.
What is another name for Belton Spotting?
Distal Spots
What are darker spots of color that vary in size from just a few white hairs to the size of a soft ball?
Bend ‘Or Spots
What are small white spots that occur on a horse at random?
Birdcatcher Spots
What are similar to birdcatcher spots, except larger, and can occur on gray horses?
Tetrarch Spots
What is another word for Tetrarch Spots?
Chubari Spots
What are marble markings?
White markings that start out on the spine and then radiate out in a giraffe-like pattern of angular circles
What is another name for marble markings?
Giraffe Lacing
What is the term for when color is lost in the skin, normally around thin-haired areas?
Vitiligo
What is a mix of white hairs with solid colored hairs, such as a gray just starting to gray out?
Ticking
Name 7 primitive markings.
Dorsal stripe, zebra stripes, zippers, cross, cobwebbing, dorsal barbs, neck striping or shadowing, mask, ear tips or edging, guard hairs, shoulder stripe, countershading.
What is the term for when an appaloosa’s spots are mottled in appearance?
Moldy Spots
What is a lighter line of faded hair along the back of the leg?
A Zipper
On Roan horses, what is the term for scars that grow back in the solid base coat color instead of Roan?
Corn Spots
What is the purpose of the whorl on the horse’s flank?
It is designed to efficiently shed water and alleviate discomfort since it is a sensitive area.
What are somatic mutations?
Birthmarks
What are the acceptable coat colors for purebred Arabians?
Bay, black, chestnut and gray
Name the horses that are most commonly regarded as the three most outstanding sons of Justin Morgan.
Sherman, Woodbury and Bulrush
What is the American Quarter Horse’s greatest characteristic?
It’s calm disposition.
Approximately how many racing Standardbreds are pacers?
80%
Name three breeds that were c rossed to produce the Paso Fino.
Andalusian, Barb and Spanish Jennet
Name the three distinctive gaits of the Paso Fino.
The Paso Fino, the Paso Corto and the Paso Largo
What breed is recognized as the strongest equine in relation to their body size?
The Shetland Pony
Shetland Ponies may not exceed what height at the withers?
42 inches
How are Shetland Ponies measured?
in inches, not hands
What is the oldest small equine registry in the U.S.?
The American Shetland Pony Club
What was the Hackney Pony originally known as?
The Wilson Pony
Who is given credit for the original development of the Hackney Pony breed?
Christopher Wilson
By what name was the Welsh Pony previously referred to?
Powis Horse or Rouncy
Who is considered the foundation sire of the modern Welsh Ponies?
Dyoll Starlight
What is the height limit for the Section A Welsh Mountain Pony?
Maximum 12 hands
What is the height limit for the Section B Welsh Pony?
Maximum 13.2 hands
What is the height limit for the Section C Welsh Pony or Cob Type?
Maximum 13.2 hands
What is the acceptable height range for a Quarter Pony?
Between 46-58 inches
Where did the Dales Pony originate?
The eastern slopes of the Pennines Mountain Range
What is another name the Dales Ponies have also been called?
Pennine Ponies
What ship’s shipwreck did the ancestors of the Chincoteague Pony survive?
The Santo Cristo
What is a pony breed from the county of Devon in Southwest England?
The Dartmoor Pony
Dartmoor Ponies are not to exceed what height?
12.2 hands
What breed is believed to be Britain’s oldest pony breed?
The Exmoor Pony
The modern Highland Pony is a descendant of what type of ponies?
Crofter (farmer) ponies
What was the Galiceno formerly known as?
Galicia Mountain Ponies
What are the four gaits performed by the Galiceno?
The walk, trot, canter and running walk
What is the most important characteristic of Falabella horses?
Pure historical Falabella ancestry
What are the five gaits of the Basuto?
The walk, trot, canter, tripple and pace.
What is a Tripple?
A fast, four beat gait that is similar to the Tolt
How many breeds are native to Japan?
8
Hokkaido ponies are native to where?
Japan
Where did the Basuto originate?
South Africa
What is the most numerous of draft breeds in the united States?
Belgian
What classic draft breed is the most direct descendant of the “Great Horse” of medieval times?
The Belgian
Until the early 20th century, there were three similar types of Belgians. Name them.
The Big Horse of Dendre, the Colossal Horse of Mehaigne and the Grey Horse of Nivelles
Where, specifically, did the Clydesdales originate?
The River Clyde area in Lanarkshire, Scotland
What draft breed is descended from the Great Flemish Horse?
The Clydesdale
What is the name for the long hair that goes over the hooves of draft horses?
The “spat”
What are the specifications required for a Clydesdale in order to qualify for a Budweiser Clydesdale?
The horse must be a gelding, at least 4 years old, stand 72 inches at the shoulder, weight between 1,800-2,300 pounds and have a bay coat, four white legs, a white blaze and a black mane and tail.
From which two shires did the Shire Horse originate?
Lincolnshire and Cambridgeshire
In other countries, what color is not acceptable for the Shire breed that is accepted in America?
Chestnut
Who is the foundation sire of the Shire breed?
The Packington Blind Horse
In what two counties in England was the Suffolk developed?
Norfolk and Suffolk
Who is the foundation sire of the Suffolk?
Crisp’s Horse of Ufford
What colors are recognized by the Suffolk breed’s Stud Book?
Chestnut only
What was the only draft breed developed and selected exclusively for farm work?
The Suffolk
What was the foundation horse breed for the American Belgian?
The Brabant
Until about 1940, the American Belgian and what other breed were essentially the same breed?
The Brabant
What are the seven colors of the Brabant?
Bay black, bay roan, blue roan, strawberry roan, sorrel and occasionally gray.
What was the Brabant called during the Middle Ages?
The Flanders Horse
Where was the Brabant developed?
Belgium
How many horse breeds are native to Holland?
One
What are the recognized colors of the Friesian?
Only black
What are the two conformational types of the Friesian?
Baroque and Sport Horse
At harness events, Friesians are normally driven hitched to what type of vehicle?
A high-wheeled gig referred to as a “Sjees”
What is a Friesian Quadrille?
An impressive exhibition of eight traditional carriages that perform intricate maneuvers.
What is the name for a Friesian breeding stock inspection?
A Keuring
What are the two foundation sires for the Gypsy Vanner Horse?
Sonny Mays and The Coal Horse
What are the recognized colors for the Gypsy Vanner Horse?
Piebald, skewbald, blagdon (solid color with white splashed up from the underneath) and odd-colored
Describe the coat color of blagdon.
One of the recognized colors of the Gypsy Vanner Horse; solid color with white splashed up from the underneath
What two countries did the Haflinger originate in?
Austria and Italy
What is the foundation sire of the Haflinger?
Folie
What are the seven different stallion lines of the Haflinger?
A (Anselmo), B (Bolzano), M (Massimo), N (Nibbio), S (Stelvio), ST (Student), W (Willi)
What breed is also known as Avelignese?
The Haflinger
The first Spotted Draft Horse was a cross between what two breeds?
A Spotted Moroccan Stallion and a Percheron Mare
What was the first horse registered with the NASDHA?
Pecos Chief
What is the NASDHA?
The North American Spotted Draft Horse Association
Approximately how many Fjord Horses are brown dun in color?
90%
What is the rares Fjord Horse color?
Yellow dun
What is the name for the darker strip of hair in the middle of the mane of a Fjord Horse?
The Midstol
What is the name for the darker hair in the middle of the tail of a Fjord Horse?
The Halefjaer
What is the term to describe small dark spots located right at the throatlatch?
Collar buttons
What is a “tyger” spot pattern?
Small round spots covering the body
What is a castrated male donkey called?
A gelding
What are the four sizes of donkeys?
Miniature Mediterranean (36” and under), Standard (36” -48”), Large Standard (48” to 54” (jennets) or 56” (jacks)) and Mammoth Jack (54”/56” and over)
What rare type of donkey is characterized by its huge head and ears and very thick, shaggy, curly black coat?
The French Poitou donkey
Mules have a particular sport all their own called what?
The Coon Hunter’s Jump
For how long can mules live?
Up to 50 years old
How can mules and donkeys be distinguished from each other using their tails?
Mules have tails similar to horses and donkeys have a tail with a tuft of hair at the end of the tail
What are the two names for a draft horse’s braided mane?
A Rolled Mane or Aberdeen Roll
How do the number of flowers tied in the manes of draft horses vary between class types?
There are normally seven for halter classes and five for harness classes
What is the term for a group of Brumbies?
A Mob or a Band
Where did the Lusitano originate?
The Iberian Peninsula
To what country is the Mangalarga Marchador breed native?
Brazil
What are the two unique gaits of the Mangalarga Marchador?
The Marcha Picada and the Marcha Batida
What is the difference between the Marcha Picada and the Marcha Batida?
The Marcha Picada is the lateral gait and the Marcha Batida is a diagonal gait
What is the oldest registered horse breed in South America?
The Chilean Corralero
To which countries are Criollo horses native?
Uruguay, Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay
What has been the traditional favorite mount of the Spahi Cavalry?
The Moroccan Barb
Where did the Abyssinian Horse originate?
Ethiopia
Where did the Fleuve breed originate?
Sudan
Where did the Poney du Logone or Poney Musey originate?
Chad and Cameron
Where did the Darfur pony originate?
Sudan
Where did the Marwari horse originate?
India
What color is a disqualification for the Marwari breed?
Albino
What is the Marwari’s natural pacing gait?
The revaal or rhewal
In the Marwari, whorls in what specific location are considered bad luck?
Whorls below the eyes
What are the four subspecies that are the forerunners of all hot bloods?
Arabian, Anglo-Arabian, Thoroughbred and Caspian Horse
Where did the Caspian Horse originate?
Iran
Where did the Yakutian originate?
Siberia
Where did the Yili originate?
China
Where did the Yonaguni originate?
Japan
Where did the Batak Pony originate?
Sumatra
Where did the Java Pony originate?
Indonesia
Where did the Sandalwood Pony originate?
Indonesia
Where did the Tibetan Pony originate?
Indonesia
Where did the Timor Pony originate?
Indonesia
What are the three most common gaited breeds?
The Tennessee Walking Horse, the Rocky Mountain Horse and the Racking Horse
The “chocolate horse” of fame is one of what two breeds?
The Kentucky Mountain Horse and the Rocky Mountain Horse
What are the three distinctive gaits of the mountain breeds?
The trail walk, the show gait and the pleasure gait
The Racking Horse is shown at what three gaits?
The show or trail walk, the slow rack and the fast rack
What are the gaits of choice when showing a Paso Fino in a mixed breed class?
The corto and largo
What are the gaits of choice when showing a Peruvian Paso in a mixed breed class?
The llano and the sobreandando
What five primary divisions does the American Saddlebred compete in?
Three-gaited, five-gaited, fine harness, park and pleasure
What are the two unique gaits of the Icelandic?
The tolt and the flying pace
What is the primary racing gait of the Icelandic?
The Flying Pace
What is the term for when the hair shafts are hollow and allow bands of light to enter and bend, causing a beautiful sheen?
Iridescence
What are two other names for the “paw-prints” sometimes seen on Tobianos?
Ink-blots and cat-tracks
