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Top Notchers ☝🏻 > EYES > Flashcards

EYES Flashcards

1
Q

Bending of light

A

Refraction

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2
Q

Lobe responsible for vision

A

Occipital lobe

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3
Q

Primary site of refraction
Secondary site

A
  1. Cornea
  2. Lens
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4
Q

Eyeball normal shape

A

Sphere

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5
Q

Part of eye for windshield and outside protection

A

Cornea

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6
Q

Gives color to eyes

A

Iris

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7
Q

Responsible sa constrict/ dilate

A

Pupil

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8
Q

Jelly like that gives shape

A

Vitreous humor

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9
Q

Pinakalikod na part ng eye

A

Retina

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10
Q

Sphere or not ang eyeball ng may refractive errors

A

Not

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11
Q

MYOPIA: ___sighted

A

Near

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12
Q

MYOPIA: ___eyeball

A

Elongated

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13
Q

MYOPIA: ___refraction

A

Strong

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14
Q

MYOPIA: ___focal pt

A

Anterior to retina

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15
Q

MYOPIA: ___lens

A

Concave/ diverging

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16
Q

HYPEROPIA:___vision

A

Long sighted

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17
Q

HYPEROPIA: ___eyeball

A

Shortened

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18
Q

HYPEROPIA: ___refraction

A

Weak

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19
Q

HYPEROPIA: ___focal pt

A

Posterior to retina

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20
Q

HYPEROPIA: ___lens

A

CONVEx/ CONVErging

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21
Q

ASTIGMATISM:__vision

A

Both

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22
Q

ASTIGMATISM : ___eyeball

A

Abnormal

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23
Q

ASTIGMATISM : ___refraction

A

Uneven curvature of cornea and lens

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24
Q

ASTIGMATISM : ___focal pt

A

Multiple

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25
Q

ASTIGMATISM : ___lens

A

Cylindrical

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26
Q

Used to measure distance vision test

A

Snellen chart

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27
Q

Snellen ilang ft or meters

A

20 ft or 16 m.

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28
Q

Snellen Eye glasses on? Exception?

A

Yes except reading glass

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29
Q

Snellen Sequence

A

R-L-both

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30
Q

Snellen instruction

A

Basahin smallest line na kaya nya

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31
Q

Snellen interpretation

A

Pt/ normal vision

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32
Q

Ano normal vision and ano medical term

A

20/20 EMMETROPIA

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33
Q

Legal blindness: ________

A

20/200

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34
Q

cloudiness or opacity of the _____ and ano sakit

A

Lens, Cataract

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35
Q

Colorless, transparent, biconvex structure

A

Lens

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36
Q

Puting part ng mata

A

Iris

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37
Q

Pinakaharap na oart ng mata

A

Cornea

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38
Q

Contains ________ which are proteins that affect the opacity of the lens.

A

Crystallins

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39
Q

2 main functions ng lens

A

Refraction and Accommodation

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40
Q

Ability to focus to near/ distant parang portrait mode sa camera

A

Accommodation

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41
Q

Ability to focus to near/ distant parang portrait mode sa camera

A

Accommodation

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42
Q

Confirmatory test in cataract

A

Slit Lamp Examination

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43
Q

Used to assess anterior eye structure w/ binocular microscope.

A

Slit Lamp Examination

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44
Q

2 Hallmark ng cataract

A

Cloudy vision
Color perception

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45
Q

Late sx ng cataract

A

White pupil
Diplopia
Gradual painless loss of vision

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46
Q

Cataract painful or painless

47
Q

Ambulate or lagay gamit sang side ng pt

A

Affected (scan)

48
Q

Surgical removal of ALL parts of the lens:

A

Intracapsular extraction

49
Q

Surgical removal of all parts of the lens, EXCEPT posterior capsule:

A

Extracapsular extraction

50
Q

Use of ultrasonic devices to liquefy the nucleus and cortex, followed by micro suction

A

PHACOEMULSIFICATION

51
Q

Use of pencil-like instrument with a supercooled metal tip (-35° C) to extract lens:

A

Cryosurgery

52
Q

Lens Replacement:
● 1st choice: ________________________
● 2nd choice:
○ ________________________
○ ________________________

A

Intaocular lens implants

Aphakic eye glass
Contact lens

53
Q

2 Preop eyedrops

A

Flubirprofen (analgesics)
Tropicamide (mydriatics)

54
Q

Wina WOF sa mydriatics

A

Photophobia

55
Q

Miotic , constrict or dilate

56
Q

Post op position ng cataract

A

S fowlers
Side lying on unaffected

57
Q

3 mngt to protect the eyes

A

Metal shield
Eyepatch
Sunglasses

58
Q

Notify HCP if:
○ Signs of bleeding: ________________
○ Signs of infection: ________________
○ Signs of increased IOP: ________________

A

Floaters
Rubor, dolor, calor, tumor, drainage
Headache, blurring of vision, N/V, restless

59
Q

Rubor, dolor, calor, tumor meaning

A

Redness, pain, fever, inflammation

60
Q

increased IOP caused by congestion of aqueous humor

61
Q

3 CHAMBERS of eye

A

Chambers of the eye
● Anterior- bet cornea and iris
● Posterior- bet iris and lens
● Vitreous

62
Q

Anong dalawang chamber ang aqueous humor

A

Anterior
Posterior

63
Q

is a liquid produced by the ciliary body that nourishes the cornea and maintains the normal IOP.

A

Aqueous humor

64
Q

Normal IOP

A

10-21 mmhg

65
Q

Type ng glaucoma caused ng inc Arbc, wbc, retinal detachment

A

OPEN ANGLE

66
Q

Type ng glaucoma caused ng neovascularization and mydriasis

A

Closed angle

67
Q

Type ng glaucoma na painful and rapid

A

Closed angle

68
Q

Describe sx ng open angle

A

Painless, gradual

69
Q

Pathognomonic sign ng open angle

A

Tunnel vision

70
Q

Pathognomonic sign ng closed angle

A

Halos around lights

71
Q

Type ng glaucoma na may ocular erythema aka ciliary flush

A

Closed angle

72
Q

Ano idodocument pag nag assess using tonometry

A

Time of iop measurement

73
Q

measures IOP by determining the pressure necessary to indent or flatten small anterior area of the eye.

74
Q

Ano meron sa contact tonometry

A

anesthetic eye drop

75
Q

Ano meron sa noncontact tonometry

A

Puff of air lang kaya least accurate

76
Q

2 meds nagpapa dec production ng IOP

2 meds nagpapa inc outflow

A

beta and carbonic blocker (acetazolamide)

Prostaglandin analogs(Latanoprost) and Miotics (Pilocarpine)

77
Q

Lifetime na iniinom sa iop mngt

A

Miotics (Pilocarpine)

78
Q

Antidote for pilocarpine

A

Atropine sulfate

79
Q

Open angle glaucoma surgical

A

Basta targets trabecular meshwork

Laser trabeculoplasty (obstruction)
Trabeculectomy

80
Q

Close angle glaucoma surgical

A

Laser iridotomy

81
Q

Otomy means

82
Q

Inaavoid activities glaucoma

A

nagpapainc ng iop
Lifting obj more than 5 lbs
Sympathomimetics
Mydriatics

83
Q

separation of the neurosensory of the retina from the Retinal Pigmented Epithelium

A

RETINAL DETACHMENT

84
Q

3 Layers of the eye

A

Outer/ fibrous- sclera
Middle/ vascular- choroid
Inner/ neural- retina

85
Q

Translates light sa nerve impulses

A

Neurosensory area

86
Q

Lining between NSA and retina

A

Retinal Pigmented Epithelium( RPE)

87
Q

2 classification ng NSA

A

Rods and cones

88
Q

2 fxn ng cones

A

Central and color vision

89
Q

2 fxns ng Rods

A

peripheral and night vision

90
Q

Type ng retinal detachment na age related and trauma

A

Rhegmatous

91
Q

2 causes ng non rhegma

A

Traction- scar
Exudative- neovascularization

92
Q

3 hallmark ng Retinal detachment (3F’s)

A

Floaters
Field cut/ veil like/ curtain like
Flashing of lights

93
Q

used to assess posterior anterior ng eye and for retinal detachment

A

Ophthalmoscopy

94
Q

Ophthalmoscopy dapat gawin prior

A

Room darkened
Right hand for right eye
12-15 inch away from his eyes, 15 degrees lateral to his vision

95
Q

Use of a scleral buckle or a silicone band to hold the retina and choroid together:

A

scleral buckling

96
Q

A gas bubble, silicone oil, or perfluorocarbon and liquids may be injected into the vitreous cavity to help push the sensory retina up against the RPE:

A

Pneumatic retinopexy

97
Q

Use of a heated probe to the sclera causing scarring which helps reattachment:

98
Q

Interventions for retinal detachment

A

Bedrest or
Superior affected: supine
Inferior: fowlers
Avoid anything na nagpapa further detachment

99
Q

Aside sa color and central vision ano pa isang fxn ng cones

A

Motion detection

100
Q

Contains the area of sharpest vision called
________________

A

Fovea Centralis

101
Q

Type ng macular degeneration na age related

102
Q

Type ng macular degeneration na dt exudative

103
Q

Anong naga build up sa dry macular degeneration na yellow waste deposits

104
Q

Alinng type ng macular degeneration ang gradual

105
Q

Hallmark ng macular degeneration

A

Loss of central vision and distortion

106
Q

Ano dx for macular degeneration

A

Amslee grid

107
Q

Ilang inch of holding chart away

A

12-14 inches

108
Q

Abnormal ng amsler grid

A

Wavy or crooked lines

109
Q

Aling type ng macular degeneration ang walang cure

110
Q

Meds for wet macular degeneration

A

Anti VEGF intraocularly (pegaptanib, -zumab, aflibercept)

Photodynamic laser with verteporfin

111
Q

Ano iwa watch out sa meds ng wet macular degeneration and mngt?

A

Photophobia and sunburn

Avoid direct sunlight
Wag lalabas 10-4
Protective clothing

112
Q

instruction sa macular degeneration

A

Antioxidants (vitamin C E, beta carotene) and use of amsler grids

113
Q

Ano lang ang painful eye disorder

A

Closed angle glaucoma

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