CHN Flashcards
EPI VAX “boarding house POP RIM”
BCG 1 Birth R ID .05
Hepa B 1 Birth R VL .5
Penta 3 6 10 14 wks or L VL .5
OPV 3 1 1/2 2 1/2 3 1/2 Oral 2 gtts
PCV 3 VL .5
Rotavirus 2 6 10 Oral 5 gtts
IPV 2 14 18 wks IM .5
MMR/AMV 2 9 12 mos Subq .5
How many ml in 1 gtts?
0.05 ml
5 dses prevention in PENTAVALENT
- DPT
- pulmonya
- Pertussis
- Tetanus
- Meningitis
Rotavirus is for what dse? SE? ano muna bibigay bago to
Gastroenteritis, LBM, OPV
when to give dazoles? Usually ilang mg.?
After dinner, 250 mg
Retinol/ Vit A ilang units blue and pink? Give to infants age?
Blue-100k units
Pink-200k units
6 mos
SDG’s “PEACE AND Justice FOR ALL GS”
- Poverty + Planet
- End HUNGER
- All good health
- Clean water & sanitation
- Educ
- Anergy
- No climate change
- Decent work/economic
- Justice
- Financial
- Open innovation/infrastructure
- Resp consumption/production
- Action on climate
- Life below water
- Life below land
- Good partnerships
- Sustainability
MDG 2000-2015 GOAL??
Eradicate poverty
BON RESOLUTION
- No. 8 series 1944
- No. 110 series 1998
- No. 14 series 1999
- No. 118 series 2002
- No. 425 series 2003
- No. 8 series 1944—IV
- No. 110 series 1998—SAFE
- No. 14 series 1999—SPECIALTY
- No. 118 series 2002— GUIDELINE
- No. 425 series 2003—IMPLEMENT
HALAMANG GAMOT
1. Blumea
2. Pepero
3. Charantia
4. Mentha
5. Psidium
6. Allium
7. Vitex
8. Carmona
9. INdica
10. ALAta
- SAMBONG—Blumea (SAMBLUM)
- Pansit-pansitan—Pepero (or ulasimang bato)
- AMPALAYA—Charantia
- Yerba BUENA—Mentha (mabenta kaya buena mano)
- SAMBONG—pSidium
- BaWang—Allium (AlliuW)
- LAGUNDI—Vitex
- Tsaang Gubat—Carmona (Cardona)
- NIyog-niyogan—INdica
- AKAPULKO—ALAta
HALAMANG GAMOT
1. For anemia and lactation
2. Dengue, watery stool
3. Nephritis, obese (kuya matABA)
4. Gout and Rayuma
5. Type 2 DM
6. analgesis
7. Antiseptic
8. HPN, Cholesterol, tooth
9. 5 chaste leaves, contusion, fever
10. GI
11. anti helminthic, intestinal worms, ascariasis
12. Fungal akati-kati
13. Anti edema and bato
- MALUNGGAY—For anemia and lactation
- TAWA2x—Dengue, watery stool
- BANABA—Nephritis, obese (kuya matABA)
- ULASIMANG BATO—GoUt and Rayuma
- AMPALAYA—Type 2 DM
- YERBA BUEN—analgesic
- BAYAWASH—Antiseptic
- BAWANG—HPN, Cholesterol, tooth
- LAGUNDI—5 chaste leaves, contusion, fever
- Tsaang GIbat—GI
- NIyog-niyogan—anti helmINthic, INtestinal worms, ascariasis
- AKAPULKO—Fungal akati-kati
- SAMBONG—Anti edema and bato
Ulasimang bato is aka?
Halamang gamot RA?
Pansit-pansitan
8423
RITM meaning
Decoction
San dapat lutuin?
Ung 2 cups naging 1 c means?
Research Institute Traditional Medicine
Clay Pot
Luto na
HALAMANG GAMOT part gagamitin
- Niyog-niyogan:
- Bawang:
- Bayabas:
- Pansit-pansitan/ulasimang bato:
- the rest::::
- Niyog-niyogan: BUTO
- Bawang: BULBS (w meals)
- Bayabas: FRUIT & DAHON
- Pansit-pansitan/ulasimang bato: AERIAL PLANT PARTS
- the rest:::: DAHON
definition of community health nursing according to the ANA (1980)?
synthesis of nursing practice and public health
primary focus of community health nursing?
community as a whole
Ruth B. Freeman, what does community health nursing involve?
Service rendered
4 main objectives of community health nursing? (CPPR)
Promotion of health
Prevention of illness
Care of the sick at home
Rehabilitation
four levels of clientele
Individuals
Family
Population
Community
4 subspecialties of community health nursing
School Nursing
Occupational Health Nursing
Community Mental Health Nursing
Public Health Nursing
What is community-based nursing?
philosophy of care provided as clients and their families move among various services
public health nursing defined by the World Health Organization?
COMBINES the skills of nursing, public health, and social assistance.
functions of public health nursing? (DRIP)
Promotion of health
improvement of conditions
rehabilitation of illness
disability.
Dr. C.E Winslow, what are the key aspects of public health? (PPPE)
Preventing diseases
prolonging life
promoting health
efficiency.
roles and functions of a public health nurse?
- Planner/Programmer
- Nursing Care Provider
- Manager/Supervisor
- Community Organizer
- Service Coordinator
- Health Educator/Counselor/Trainer
- Health Monitor
- Role Model
- Change Agent
- Reporter/Recorder/Statistician
- Researcher
starting salary grade for public health nurses?
qualifications are required for public health nurses?
Salary Grade 15.
Graduate of Bachelor of Science in Nursing and a Registered Nurse.
role of the Department of Health in the Philippine health care delivery system?
vision of the Philippine health care system by 2022?
national policy and regulatory institution for health.
Filipinos are among the healthiest people in Southeast Asia.
goal of the Health Sector Reform Agenda (HSRA)?
four elements of the FOURmula ONE for Health strategy?
overriding goal of the Department of Health.
- Health Financing
- Health Regulation
- Health Service Delivery
- Good Governance
objectives of the local health system?
- Establish local health system
- Upgrade health care management
- Promote inter-LGU linkages
- Foster private sector participation
RA 7160
4 cornerstones/pillar of Primary Healthcare? (AIUS)
Local Government Code
active participation
Inter/intrasectoral linkages
Use of appropriate technology
Support mechanisms available
components of an Inter-Local Health Zone?
- People
- Boundaries
- Health Facilities
- Health Workers
theme of the primary health care
Health in the Hands of the People by 2020.
ELEMENTS of Primary Health Care (PHC)?
- Education for health
- Locally Endemic and Communicable Disease Control
- Expanded Program on Immunization
- Maternal and Child Health
- Essential Drugs
- Nutrition
- Treatment
- Sanitation of the Environment
steps in the community health nursing process?
- Assessment
- Planning
- Implementation
- Evaluation
assessment step in community health nursing provide?
three classic frameworks used in the evaluation
Estimates the degree of health achievement and identifies deficiencies
Structural elements, process elements, and outcome elements.
management functions of the community health nurse?
- Planning
- Organizing
- Directing
- Coordinating
- Controlling
- Evaluating
planning function of a community health nurse involve?
purpose of the organizing function in community health nursing?
Assisting the organization in establishing a VISION for the future.
To determine how to IMPLEMENTING planning to achieve goals.
directing function of a community health nurse include?
purpose of the coordinating function in community health nursing?
controlling function of a community health nurse involve?
CONVEYING TO WORKERS what has occurred in the planning and organizing phases
LINKING people on the health care team
Measuring and CORRECTING activities
steps involved in the controlling process?
- Establishing standards
- Measuring performance criteria
- Correcting deviations from normal
standard procedures during a clinic visit?
- Registration/Admission
- Greeting the client
- Preparing family record
- Retrieving record
major concerns in management
Analysis of systems,
functions,
assigning job responsibilities,
and implementation
standard procedures during a clinic visit?
- Registration/Admission
- Waiting time
- Triaging
- Clinical Evaluation
- Laboratory and other Diagnostic Examinations
- Referral System
- Prescription/Dispensing
- Health Education
What should a nurse do during the registration/admission phase?
purpose of giving priority numbers
Greet the client and establish rapport
To manage client flow and implement a “first come, first served” policy
role of triaging in a clinic visit?
clinical evaluation involve?
manage program-based cases and refer non-program based cases to the physician
Validating clinical history and providing rational treatment based on evidence
purpose of identifying a designated referral laboratory?
purpose of the referral system
prescription/dispensing phase?
To ensure proper diagnostic examinations when needed
refer patients needing further management
Giving proper instructions on drug intake
goal of health education during a clinic visit?
avoid before BP measurement?
How should the BP cuff be applied?
purpose of palpating the brachial pulse?
To reinforce health education and counseling messages
Smoking or ingesting caffeine within 30 minutes
3 cm above the brachial artery, snugly with no creases
To locate the correct position for BP measurement
first step in obtaining the BP reading using the palpatory method?
What should be done after noting the palpated systolic BP?
disappearance of sound indicate
first clear tapping sound indicate during BP measurement?
How should BP readings be recorded?
Inflate the cuff until the pulse disappears
Deflate the cuff fully
Kototkoff Phase V: Diastolic BP
Kototkoff Phase I: Systolic BP
Take the mean of 2 readings obtained 2 minutes apart
purpose of a home visit in nursing?
principles of conducting home visits?
To assess home and family situations for necessary nursing care.. To provide nursing care, assess living conditions, and give health teaching
- Must have a purpose or objective
- Planning should involve available information and the individual/family
- Prioritize essential needs
factors influence the frequency of home visits?
Needs of the family,
acceptance,
agency policy,
past services
bag technique?
purpose of the public health bag?
What should be considered in the use of the bag?
TOOL to perform nursing procedures efficiently and effectively
purpose of the public health bag?
To CARRY essential equipment during home visits
The bag should contain necessary articles and be cleaned often
principles of bag technique?
study of the occurrence and distribution of health conditions in populations
- Minimize infection spread
- Save time and effort
- Show effectiveness of care
- Adaptable to agency policy or home situation
epidemiology
important concepts related to epidemiology?
How do nurses measure the frequency and distribution of health conditions?
- Multiple Causation Theory
- Natural History of Disease
- Level of Prevention of Health Problems
- Concept of Causality and Association
Using vital statistics
stages of the natural history of disease?
What do morbidity and mortality indicate?
- Pre-pathogenesis or susceptibility
- Pathogenesis:
- Pre-symptomatic
- Discernible lesions
- Advanced Disease
state of health of a community and the success of health work
uses of vital statistics?
- Indices of health and illness status
- Basis for planning and evaluating CHN programs
sources of data for vital statistics?
difference between rates and ratios?
Population census, registration of vital data, health surveys, studies, and research
- Rate: Relationship between a vital event and persons exposed over time
- Ratio: Relationship between two numerical quantities without time consideration
good index of the general health condition of a community
It measures pregnancy wastage before complete expulsion
measures the risk of dying in the first month of life
more accurate measure of the risk of exposure
index of the killing power of a disease
measures the proportion of the population with a particular disease at a specific time
infant mortality rate
fetal death rate
neonatal death rate
attack rate
case fatality ratio
prevalence rate
objectives of the Field Health Services and Information System (FHSIS)?
- Provide summary data on health services delivery
- Data for program monitoring and evaluation
- Standardized database for in-depth studies
- Ensure data usefulness and accuracy
- Minimize recording and reporting burden
components of FHSIS?
- Family Treatment Record
- Target Client List
- Reporting Forms
- Output Reports
procedure for female sterilization?
male sterilization also known as?
hormones does the pill contain?
injectables contain?
cutting or blocking of two fallopian tubes.
Vasectomy
Estrogen and progesterone
Synthetic hormone, progestin
procedure for female sterilization?
male sterilization also known as?
hormones does the pill contain?
injectables contain?
cutting or blocking of two fallopian tubes.
Vasectomy
Estrogen and progesterone
Synthetic hormone, progestin
advantages of male sterilization?
disadvantages of male sterilization?
- Very effective in 3 months after the procedure
- Permanent, safe, simple, and easy to perform
- Can be performed in a clinic
- Person will not lose his sexual ability and ejaculation
- May be uncomfortable due to slight pain and swelling for 2-3 days
- Reversibility is difficult and expensive
- Bleeding may result in hematoma formation
advantages of the pill?
prevent the passage of sperm cells and sexually transmitted diseases into the vagina.
- Safe as proven through extensive studies
- Convenient and easy to use
- Reduces gynecologic symptoms such as painful menses and endometriosis
- Does not interfere with sexual intercourse
male condom
Abstaining from sexual intercourse during fertile days.
advantages
disadvantages
mucus/billing methods
Can be used by any woman of reproductive age
Cannot be used by women with medical conditions that would make pregnancy dangerous
basal body temperature method identify?
happens to body temperature before and during ovulation?
fertile and infertile period of a woman’s cycle.
- Before Ovulation: Temperature decreases by 0.5 F
- During Ovulation: Temperature increases by 1.0 F
Two Day Method based on?
disadvantages
- Cervical secretions as an indicator of fertility
- Women checking the presence of secretions every day
- Needs cooperation of the husband
- Can become unreliable for women with conditions causing abnormal cervical secretions
sympto-thermal method combine?
Color-coded cycle beads
disadvantage of the Standard Days Method?
cervical mucus, basal body temperature, and other signs of ovulation.
Standard Days Method
Cannot be used by women with menstrual cycles between 26 and 32 days long
common misconceptions about family planning?
roles of a public health nurse in a family planning program?
- Causes abortion
- Will render couples sterile
- Will result in loss of sexual desire
- Provide counseling
- Provide packages of health services
- Ensure the availability of family planning supplies and logistics
goal of child health programs?
programs under child health initiatives?
To reduce morbidity and mortality rates for children aged 0-9 years
- Infant and Young Child Feeding
- Newborn Screening
- Expanded Program on Immunization
- Management of Childhood Illnesses
- Micronutrient Supplementation
- Dental Health
- Early Child Development
- Child Health Injuries
goal of the Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) program?
objectives of the IYCF program?
exclusive breastfeeding mean?
When should breastfeeding not occur?
To reduce child mortality rate by 2/3 by 2015
Improve health and nutrition status of infants and young children
only breast milk
In cases of AIDS
key messages on Infant and Young Child Feeding?
RA 7600
PD 996
- Initiate breastfeeding within 1 hour after birth
- Exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months
- Complemented at 6 months with appropriate food
- Extend breastfeeding up to 2 years and beyond
Rooming-In and Breastfeeding Act of 1992
EPI Law
Mandatory food fortification of staple foods and voluntary fortification of processed food.
Exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months.
Mandatory basic immunization services for infants and children.
Food Fortification Law (RA 8976)
Expanded Breastfeeding Act of 2010 (RA 10028)
RA 10152
principles of the EPI Law (PD 996)?
- Safe and effective to administer all EPI vaccines on the same day at different sites.
- Measles vaccine should be given at 9 months, or 6 months in endemic areas.
- Vaccine schedule should not be restated.
- Doses less than the recommended interval may lessen antibody response.
- Never reconstitute freeze-dried vaccines other than with supplied diluents.
- One syringe, one needle per child during vaccination.
absolute contraindications for vaccinations?
- DPT 2 or DPT 3 to a child with convulsions or shock within 3 days of the previous dose.
- Patients with neurologic disease should not receive vaccines containing whole cell pertussis.
- Live vaccines like BCG must not be given to individuals who are immunosuppressed due to malignant disease.
goal of the nutrition program?
common nutritional deficiencies in the Philippines?
Improve quality of life of Filipinos through better nutrition, improved health, and increased productivity
- Vitamin A
- Iron
- Iodine
programs and projects under the nutrition program?
- Micronutrient Supplementation
- Food Fortification
- Essential maternal and child health service package
- Nutrition information, communication, and education
- Home, school, and community food production
- Food assistance
- Livelihood assistance
goal of oral health programs?
objectives
Reduce the prevalence rate of dental caries and periodontal diseases.
- Increase the proportion of orally fit children under 6 years old.
- Control oral health risk among young people.
- Improve oral health conditions of pregnant women and older persons.
classifications of oral interventions?
- Promotive Service: Health education
- Preventive Treatment: Oral examination, oral hygiene, pit & fissure sealant program, fluoride utilization program
- Curative Treatment: Permanent filling, gum treatment, atraumatic restorative treatment, temporary filling, extraction, treatment post-extraction, drainage of localized oral abscesses
overall goal of the Philippine reproductive health program?
main objectives
Better quality of life among Filipinos.
- Reducing maternal mortality rate
- Reducing child mortality
- Halting and reversing the spread of HIV/AIDS
- Increasing access to reproductive health information and services
branch of public health that deals with preventing illness by managing the environment and changing behaviors to reduce exposure to disease agents.
3 main components of a water distribution system in rural areas
environmental health
reservoir
piped distribution network
communal faucets
How far should communal faucets be located from the farthest house?
designed water delivery per capita per day in rural water systems?
average number of households served by a rural water system?
How many households share one communal faucet in rural areas?
Not more than 25 meters
40-80 liters
100 households
One faucet per 4 to 6 households
what type of areas are simple-piped water systems suitable?
examples of unapproved types of water facilities?
Rural areas where houses are clustered densely
Open drug wells, unimproved springs, and wells that need priming
required for the disinfection of water supply sources?
Who must approve well sites for construction?
Disinfection is required for newly constructed or repaired/improved water supply facilities
Secretary of Health or his duly authorized representative
What must well construction comply with?
goal of a proper excreta and sewage disposal program?
required for food establishments regarding sanitary conditions?
Sanitary requirements of the Department of Health
ensure safe and sanitary disposal of human waste
Inspection/approval of food sources, containers, and transport vehicles
levels of approved toilet facilities?
How are food establishments rated based on sanitary conditions?
- Level I: Non-water carriage toilet facilities (e.g., pit latrines)
- Level II: Water carriage type with septic vault/tank disposal
- Level III: Water carriage types connected to septic tanks/sewerage systems
- CLASS A: Excellent
- CLASS B: Very Satisfactory
- CLASS C: Satisfactory
What does DOH’s Administrative Order no.1 – 2006 require for stool analysis?
recommended cooking temperature for food safety?
cooked food left at room temperature for more than two hours?
Use of Formalin Ether Concentration Technique (FECT) instead of direct fecal smear
70 degrees centigrade
discard
Four Rights in Food Safety?
- Right Source: Buy fresh and safe food
- Right Preparation: Avoid cross-contamination
- Right Cooking: Cook food thoroughly
- Right Storage: Store food safely
goals of the SENTRONG SIGLA (SS) Certification?
How often is the SS Certification valid?
- Quality Health Care, Services, and Facilities
- Basic SS Certification: Minimum standards for public health services
- Specialty Awards: Second level quality standards
- Awards for Excellence: Highest level quality standards
Every two years
primary function of SS Quality Standards Level I?
core public health programs covered in Level II SS Quality Standards?
provide basic public health services
- Integrated Women’s Health
- Child Care
- Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease
- Integrated Prevention and Control of Lifestyle Related Diseases
- Environmental Health
general guidelines for using medicinal plants?
- Use the right plant for the intended purpose
- Follow dosage and directions
- Use only one kind at a time
- Consult a physician if no improvement
How should Lagundi, Sambong, Tsaang gubat, Ampalaya leaves be prepared?
What is the dosage for adults using Lagundi, Sambong, Yerba Buena?
Clean, chop, and boil in water for 15 minutes
Drink one part of the solution three times a day
What is the dosage for adults using Tsaang Gubat?
How should Yerba Buena leaves be prepared?
How should Niyug-niyugan seeds be administered?
Drink one part every four hours
Clean, chop, and boil in water for 15 minutes without covering the pot
Eat the seeds two hours after supper
dosage for adults using Niyug-niyugan
How should Bayabas solution be used for wounds?
How should Akapulko leaves be prepared?
How should Akapulko juice be administered?
10 seeds
Clean wounds with the solution two times a day
Squeeze enough leaves to extract juice
Apply the juice on affected parts twice a day
How can Ulasimang bato be consumed?
What is the dosage for Ulasimang bato decoction?
How should Bawang be prepared?
What is the dosage for Bawang?
What is the dosage for Ampalaya?
As a salad or decoction
Divide into three parts and take three times a day
Saute or boil; may be infused with vinegar
Eat two cloves with meals three times a day
Drink ½ glass three times a day before eating
How can Ulasimang bato be consumed?
What is the dosage for Ulasimang bato decoction?
How should Bawang be prepared?
What is the dosage for Bawang?
What is the dosage for Ampalaya?
As a salad or decoction
Divide into three parts and take three times a day
Saute or boil; may be infused with vinegar
Eat two cloves with meals three times a day
Drink ½ glass three times a day before eating
goal of the Health Emergency Preparedness and Response Program?
legal mandate for disaster preparedness in the Philippines?
To promote health emergency preparedness and strengthen health sector response
Presidential Decree No 1566 and Republic Act No 7160
main objective of emergency response?
Phenomena that can cause disruption or damage
To decrease mortality, morbidity, and prevent disability
hazards
general principles of disaster management?
- First priority: protection of people at risk
- Second priority: protection of critical resources
- Must be integral to national development plans
- Requires understanding of hazard risks
- Capabilities must be developed before hazards
- Based on interdisciplinary collaboration
aim of providing adequate, safe, and affordable blood supply?
vision for blood donation centers?
mission related to blood supply?
primary goal of encouraging voluntary blood donation?
ensure equitable distribution of blood and blood products
operate on a fully voluntary, non-remunerated blood donation system
ensure adequate, safe, and accessible blood supply
instill public consciousness of blood donation as a humanitarian act
key requirements before donating blood?
- Weigh more than 45 kg (100 lbs) for 250 ml; 50 kg (110 lbs) for 450 ml
- Be in good health
- Aged 16-65 years (16 & 17 need parental consent)
- Systolic BP: 90-160 mm Hg
- Diastolic BP: 60-100 mm Hg
- Hemoglobin at least 12.5 g/dL
considerations after blood donation?
- Leave adhesive dressing on for 3-12 hours
- Bruising may occur and will disappear in a few days
- Avoid carrying heavy objects with the donating arm
- Do not smoke for 2 hours
- Avoid alcohol for 12 hours
- Eat regular meals and increase fluid intake
What types of blood can be extracted for donation?
shelf-life of whole blood and red cell concentrates?
How long can plasma be stored frozen?
Whole blood and red cell concentrates
5 weeks
12 months
goal of the Botika ng Barangay program?
objective
To promote equity in health by ensuring availability of essential drugs
To rationalize the distribution of common drugs among beneficiaries
criteria for establishing a Botika ng Barangay?
- Managed by a recognized community organization
- Located in a far-flung, depressed area
- Community-sourced funds at least 1/3 of initial capital
- Local government-sourced funds at least 1/3 of initial capital
- Submission of socio-economic and health profiles
- Commitment from a licensed pharmacist
- Selection of at least 2 accredited health workers
- Availability of a space for the Botika
strategy for implementing primary health care in underserved communities
principles of COPAR?
COPAR
- People are open to change and capable of it
- Based on the interests of the poorest sectors
- Leads to self-reliant communities
objectives of community organizing?
methods used in COPAR?
- Raise awareness of social realities
- Form structures for basic interests
- Initiate responsible actions for community health
- Progressive Cycle of Action Reflection Action
- Consciousness Raising
- Participatory and mass-based approach
- Group-oriented rather than leader-oriented
phases of the COPAR process? (Pedoas)
- Pre-Entry Phase
- Entry Phase
- Community Study/Diagnosis Phase
- Community Organization & Capacity Building Phase
- Community Action Phase
- Sustenance & Strengthening Phase
critical activities in COPAR?
- Integration
- Social Investigation
- Planning
- Ground Working
- Community Meeting
- Role Play
- Social Mobilization
- Evaluation
- Reflection
- Organization
purpose of Participatory Action Research?
traditional research differ from participatory action research?
empower the people through education, research, and action
- Traditional: Identifies individual needs, defined by experts
- Participatory: Seeks social transformation, defined by community members
Individuals who support the initial stages of organizing efforts/establishing foundation
Grp of 8-15 households
Community leaders chosen by limited grp
Mngt units for a community-based health program
ORGANIZING GRP
SMALL GRP
CORE GRP
BHWs
Who said:
Comprehensive approach to health
Education and provision of healthcare
Purdoin
Halon
Current popu
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