External nose and nasal cavity (dave's notes) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the constituents of the external nose?

A

Nasal bone (bridge) and nasal cartilages supported in the midline by the septum

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2
Q

What is the covering of the external nose?

A

Skin with many sebaceous glands. The skin extends into the vestibule of the nose.

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3
Q

What are the four arteries of blood supply to the external nose?

A

The dorsal nasal artery (a branch of the ophthalmic artery), the external nasal artery (anterior ethmoidal) and lateral nasal (facial) and septal artery (superior labial)

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4
Q

What landmarks mark the start and end of the nasal cavity?

A

The nostrils to the posterior end of the nasal septum

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5
Q

What three areas are found within the nasal cavity?

A

The vestibular area - just inside the nostril
The olfactory area with receptors for smell
Respirartory area

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6
Q

Describe the lining of the respiratory area of the nasal cavity

A

Respiratory area is lined with respiratory mucous and pseudo stratified ciliated columnar epithelium

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7
Q

What is the floor of the nasal cavity?

A

The roof of the mouth/hard palate

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8
Q

What creates the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?

A

The medial wall of the orbit above (with ethmoidal air cells in between) and the medial wall of the maxillary sinus

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9
Q

What is the roof of the nasal cavity?

A

The roof is very narrow, with the medial and lateral wall very close together

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10
Q

How many nasal conchae are there? Which is the largest?

A

Three, the lowest is the longest

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11
Q

How are the middle and upper conchae related to one another?

A

They are joined anteriorly

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12
Q

What spaces are associated with the nasal conchae?

A

Each has a space beneath it - superior, middle, inferior meatus. The sphenoethmoidal recess is uppermost.

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13
Q

What opens into the sphenoethmoidal recess?

A

The sphenoidal sinus

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14
Q

What enters the superior recess?

A

The posterior ethmoidal air cells

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15
Q

What enter the inferior meatus and where?

A

The nasolacrimal ducts, two centimetres behind the nostril

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16
Q

What receives all other openings? What openings are therefore excluded?

A

The middle meatus. Does NOT receive the nasolacrimal ducts, the posterior ethmoidal air cells, the sphenoidal sinus.

17
Q

What is the main artery to the nasal cavity? What is this a branch of and how does it reach the nasal cavity?

A

The sphenopalatine - the end of the maxillary passing through the sphenopalatine foramen

18
Q

What does the sphenopalatine artery anastomose with?

A

The septal branch

19
Q

What area does the sphenopalatine artery and the septal branch anastomose in? What does the anastomosis form?

A

Little’s area. Kiesselbach’s plexus

20
Q

Where do the veins of the nasal cavity drain?

A

To the pterygoid plexus, facial vein, opthalmic and inferior cerebral veins.

21
Q

What course does lymph of the nasal cavity follow?

A

The VEINS

22
Q

What is the nerve supply to the nasal cavity?

A

Olfactory via olfactory receptors
Vestibular area via the infraorbital nerve
the remainder is complex. HA!