Exercise Psychology and Rehab Exercise Adherence Flashcards
What words describe Rehabilitation
Sport, Performance, Clinical, Cardiac, Is it always injured, Pulmonary rehab, Psychological v Physical Rehab, Exercise prescription, Athletes only, Adherence issues
How can sports injuries be represented
On a continuum ranging from minor to severe damage
What is an example of a severe sports injury
The death of a footballer through brain damage sustained via heading the ball during a career. Jeff Ashton died aged 50
What as well as physiological should be considered and why
Often Psychological issues related to injury are not considered
Provide some examples of psychological issues related to Sports Injury
Anger, and depression, is common. Self-esteem issues.
What group of exercisers would particularly suffer due to injury
Exercise addicts
Name the 2 theories that explain how sport performers react to injury
Grief stages model and cognitive appraisal model
What does the grief stages model suggest
That we go through 5 emotional stages of response to injury
What are the 5 emotional stages of the grief model
Denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance
Explain the denial stage of grief model
Is the most common first response to loss. It acts as a defence mechanism to buffer the immediate effects of traumatic experience
Explain the anger stage of grief model
Why me? Anger is more socially acceptable than fear or apprehension. It is a show of emotional discomfort
Explain the Bargaining stage of grief model
It is a stage where one wrongly assumes they can avoid grief through negotiation, saying prayers for instance
Explain the depression stage of grief model
One realizes that loss has occurred and begins to accept it
Explain the acceptance stage of grief model
One resists the urge to deny or change their situation
What was the Grief model originally based on
Death and dying
Name some criticism for grief model?
The time to pass through each stage is not linear
This is not a simple stage-by-stage process
Watch out for different professional and personal experiences
Events can jump us forward or back to another stage
Every human experiences this differently
Acceptance does not mean you are “done”
Briefly explain the Cognitive evaluation model of injury
Basically, any type of trauma will result in emotional and behavioral responses /reactions based on the interpretation/judgement of the trauma by the individual
Name briefly the Cognitive appraisal factors
Personal and Situational factors interpreted lead to , Behavioural and Emotional response
Cognitive appraisal model what are personal factors
History of injury, perceived cause, pain tolerance, personality, athletic identity, coping skills, age and gender
Cognitive appraisal model what are situational factors
Sport type, level of competition, coach influence, teammate influence, social support, sports medicine team, rehab environment
Cognitive appraisal model what are behavioural responses
Adherence to rehab, Use of psychological skills, effort and intensity, risk-taking, laziness
Cognitive appraisal model what are emotional responses
Fear, tension, anger, depression, frustration and boredom, grief
Issues of adherence in clinical populations provide an example
Cardiac rehabilitation often are not followed
What issues influence exercise adherence
behaviour change, mental health issues, exercise beliefs, experience with or without exercise, lack of understanding
What can have a great effect on adherence but has not been used enough
Psychological issues. Self-efficacy in particular
How can self-efficacy help with adherence
Improving belief in ability to complete exercise program
How can clinicians add self efficacy to improve exercise adherence
Mastery, Vicarious experience, Verbal persuasion, Physiological arousal
Given an example of how Mastery may be used to increase exercise adherence
Providing a step by step progressive training plan which is applicable to each individual
Give an example of how Vicarious experience may be used to increase exercise adherence
The use of video exercises to show others completing the exercises or self videos showing their ability to improve
Give an example of how Verbal Persuasion may impact exercise adherence
Positive self talk, positive feedback from coach, parent, physio to increase self-efficacy
Give an example of how Physiological arousal emotional state may impact exercise adherence
Understand patient barriers, use questionnaires to measure self-efficacy, and use Fitbit or heart rate monitors to provide feedback. Educate, goal setting.
What are some issues with measuring exercise adherence
The questionnaire may be completed dishonestly, bias may be used.
Sum up the Cognitive Appraisal Model
Provides a cognitive framework for how changes can influence rehab and recovery, psychosocial factors are considered
