Exercise Adherence and behaviours Flashcards
What reasons do people exercise
Weight loss from exercise combined with good eating habits
Another health reason and fact
Reduced risk of CPD, in fact the same reduction as if to give up smoking
Another health reason
Reduction in high blood pressure which is a risk factor leading to CPD
Any psychological reasons to exercise
Reduction in stress and anxiety and depression may reduce
What is a really good reason besides for health to exercise
Enjoyment and happiness
Summarise why exercise can prevent sedentary behaviour
For physiological and psychological reasons.
Any other good reasons not mentions already
Social aspect and improved self esteem
Reasons for not exercising
No motivation, lack of time and lack of energy
What key point regarding barriers to exercise
Research shows that almost ALL BARRIERS are within individuals control
What barriers are out of control of individuals
Environmental factors
What (old) age differences NOT exercisING have been found
Older people use fear of injury , bad health, and lack of sporty type as reasons(internal).
What(adolescents) reasons for not exercising
Similar to older adults but also parents wanting them to focus on academic study as priority
Women cited……reasons for not adhering to exercise
Internal reasons like “lack of discipline”
And finally another reason people exercise is…
Social aspects
Key point regards using time as a reason for not exercising is
It is a perceived reason rather than a real reason an excuse if you like and identify a persons priorities
What is the term for a total lack of exercise
sedentary behaviour
What type of personality trait may influence increased physical activity
High extraversion types
What general ideas have been tried to increase ex/pa and decrease sedentary behaviour
Walk, Cycle to work. Limit watching tv, standing at work longer. using stairs instead of lifts
What 3 variables are most often researched in correlation with exercise/pa
%body fat, gender and obesity
What has research demonstrate regards PA and Sedentary behaviour
Promotion of light-intensity PA may be a good way to reduce sedentary behaviour
How many according to research drop out of exercise routines within 6 months
50%
Reasons for not continuing exercise program
Psychological not considered
Over restrictive programs
To challenge not progressive
No consideration for empowerment
What key recommendation for fitness coaches to promote activity
Scientific approach with up to date sound proven advice and guidance
What is the Health Belief Model?
First designed for disease, not exercise. Aims to highlight the health benefits and costs of not participating. Pros outweigh the cons
What is Theory of Planned Behaviour
Intentions are the best predictors. BUT not of actual adherence. SELL don’t tell may help.
Perceptions of ability will influence participation
Explain Social Cognitive Theory
Bandura. Personal, behavioural and environmental factors considered. Self Efficacy most important belief.
SEG with middle aged and older exercises
Self Efficacy most important.
If there is a relapse what according to SEG is most important
Regaining Self Efficacy
Briefly highlight the Self Determination Theory
Autonomy, relatedness, and competence are most important to promote exercise/pa. Intrinsic motivation increases appose to extrinsic which results in improvements
Explain PAPA initiative related to SDT
Training of coaches to use SDT principles when delivering.
What are the 6 stages of the Transtheoretical Model TTM
Pre-contemplation Contemplation, Planning, Action, Maintenance and Termination
How long according to research are maintenance and termination
6 months and 5 years but there is also contrary research
What is the cognitive key to Banduras theory
Self efficacy
Explain Banduras Theory of Self Efficacy
Belief(SE) in ability to meet goal most important. More belief more challenging goals.
What are 3 cognitive expectations processes related to Banduras theory of self efficacy
SE expectation, Outcome expectation and Value of outcome
How can Self Efficacy be developed according to Banduras self efficacy theory
Past achievement, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, interpretation of physiological or psychological arousal, stress levels
Which of Banduras SE expectations is strongest
Performance past achievements offer the strongest influence (mastery)
Where did the theory of Planned Behaviour evolve from
Theory of Reasoned action
What is at the heart of TPB
Intention
What are the constructs of TPB
attitude, subjective norm and perceived control(autonomy)
These 3 constructs are broken down further how?
Subjective norm - Injunctive/descriptive.
Attitude-affective/instrumental.
Perceived control- control beliefs. perceived power
How does attitude affect behavioural change
If you are positive or negative it will impact likelihood of performing
