exercise for aging, obesity, diabetes Flashcards
chronic disease can be prevented by addressing
physical activity
eating
obesity
alc/tobacco
leading cause death in BC
cancer
actual causes of death BC
tobacco, poor diet, inactivity
physiological changes w age
decrease in muscle area, vo2 max
after exercise does HR change
no
after exercise does stroke volume or Q
slight inc
T/F myocardial cotracitibily after exercise same for women
yes
T/F end systolic after exercise same for women
yes
T/F ejection fracture after exercise same for women
yes
T/F end systolic up after exercise men
no
name 5 cardiac changes with aging
HR Stroke volume Cardiac Output 02 consumption myocaridal contractibility
pulmonary changes with aging
chest wall stiffness
residual lung volume
expiroatroy flow limit
work of breathing
elastic recoil up or down because of again
down
alveolar cap surface area up or down because agin
down
forced expiratory flow
forced vital cap
max in/ex pressures
ventilation perfusion match
up or down agin
down
Sa02 with aging
same
Pa02 with again
down
3 other changes with aging
dec bone mass
flexibility
increase body fat ,recovery time
goal of PT specific
no smoking nutrition optimize weight PA regular minimize stres
benefit of exercise in elderly
slow physiological changes promote cognitive well being mamange prevent chronic disease increase longevity reduce risk of physical disability
general goal of exercise training in elders
change behaviour / fitness
improve symptoms
aerobic activity for elderly F
5d/wek mod intensity
3d/wk vigourus
or combo 3-5d/wk
aerobic activity intensity
start low n progress
T/F intensity guidelines for younger ppl apply to elderly
generalyl yes
is measured or predicted HR peak preferred for elderly
measured
factors in prescribing intensity aerobic
Use HR / HRR, RPE
pace makers, arthmyisas effect
how to increase exercise intensity for elderly aerobic
add small weights, resistant equipment, pace, singles, no cart
aerobic FITT time for elderly
30
FITT type for elderly aerobic
walking
aquaitc
biking
social
FITT resistance training elderly
2d/week, 48 rest
10-15 reps (12-13RPE) or 80 of 1RM
1 set all major mm groups
20-30mins
ballistic exercises in elderly
no
calculating BMI
mass/height square
overweight BMI
25+
normal BMI
18.5-24
fat free mass
body mass - all body fat
essential fat
fat in bone marrow , nervous tissue and internal organs
storage fat
visceral / subcutaneous stores
lean body mass
body mass - storage fat
factors contributing to obesity
lifestyle, psychosocial, biomedical
5 medical complications of obesity
pulmonary disease gall bladder disease stroke diabetes cancer
T/F weight circumference highly correlated to total adiposity and BMI
true
waist circumference bad scores
m: >102
w: >88
energy balance equation
body mass is constant when caloric intake equals caloric spending
how to imbalance energy. balance equation
reduce caloric intake
increase energy spending
both
obesity threats to 02 transport
alveolar hypoventilation
pulmonary hypertension
inc ab mass
obesity treatment 30-40 BMI
pharmacotherapy, any more is surgery, less exercise
goals of exercise prescription obesity
reduce body fat improve cardio rsp improve chronic disease inmprove funciton ADL
adherence, consistency
approach to presicrbign exercise for obesity
eat less train more
first 6 months what has more impact diet or training
diet
FITT obesity
F: >5d/week
I:mod-vig
T: 30-60d
T: aerobic, low impact, resistance
diabetes
body can’t use or make insulin
insulin
controls glucose in blood
allows cells to use glucose for energy
what happens if lack of insulin
build up of sluice in blood resulting in symptoms of diabetes
symptoms of diabetes’s
excessive thirst / urination increased appetite sudden weight loss fatigue blurred vision / blind
Type 1 diabetes
insulin dependent
genetic
not preventable
type 2 diabetes
non insulin dependent
insulin resistance
risk factors type 2 diabetes
age genetics obesity BP race
treatment type 2 diabetes
control sugar
insulin injection
exercise diet
diabetes scores
> 7 at fasting
>11.11 casual
not diabetes
<6.1 fasting
<7.8 casual
exercise benefits diabetes
prevent t2 decrease BP weight loss reduce depressing reduce cancer
risk of exercise for diabetes
MSK
CB
foot ulcer
ketosis
special considerations diabetics exercising
hypoglycaemia
measure glue before and after
dont exercise during insulin inactivity
FITT F Diabetets
3-7/day
FITT I Diabetes
50-80% Vo2
RPE 12-16
FITT T Diabetes
20-60
FITT Type Diabetes
large mm groups
goals
FITT Resitance Diabetes F
2-3, 48 hr rest
FITT Resistance I diabetes
2-3 sets, 8-12 reps
60-80% 1 RM
FITT Resistance Time Diabetes
8-10 multi joint
FITT Resistance type diabetes
technique grip static
no valsalva
body fat for men and women considered obese
men >25
women >30
how to measure waist circumference
tape between lower costal margin and illliact crest