EXAM #7 (Ch. 5)

Question 1

What are the respiration phases?

Any exceptions?

Answer 1

Suspended for all positions

5 exceptions:

Transthoracic lateral projection (Lawrence) = inhale and hold

AP clavicle = exhale and hold

AP axial clavicle = inhale and hold

AP scapula = during slow breathing

AP axial scapula = end of exhale

Question 2

What is the primary reason a scapular Y is done?

• Body rotation?
• What is shown?

Answer 2

A scapular Y is done for the evaluation of suspected shoulder dislocations

• Midcoronal plane forms an angle of 45°-60° to the IR
• Acromion, coracoid, scapula body, inferior angle, humerus

Question 3

What are the different Lawrence methods?

• How are they done and what do the look like? How far is the arm abducted?
• How much is the arm abducted for the inferosuperior axial projection

Answer 3

(3) Upright and recumbent transthoracic lateral shoulders (upright is always better)
+ Inferosuperior axial projection

• Patient lifts noninjured arm and rests forearm on head for transthoracic
• Arm abducted at a minimum of 20° to prevent superimposition

Question 4

What projections of the shoulder show the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle

Answer 4

Greater tubercle = external rotation (profile)

Lesser tubercle = internal rotation (profile)

(p. 184, 186)

Question 5

Body rotation for Grashey’s

• What structures are shown?

Answer 5

35°-45°

• Joint space between humeral head and glenoid cavity

Question 6

How is the Pearson method done?

• What is shown

Answer 6

Weights are attached to patient’s wrists

The AC joints and shows dislocation, or seperation of the joints

Question 7

How is the arm positioned to show the coracoid and acromion process

Answer 7

Arms to the side of the body (scapular Y + AP axial) (p. 222)

Question 8

CR for shoulder

Answer 8

perp to a point 1 inch inferior coracoid

Question 9

CR for shoulder joint

Answer 9

perp to a point 2 inches medial and 2 inches inferior to superolateral border of shoulder

Question 10

CR for glenoid cavity (AP oblique shoulder) of shoulder joint

Answer 10

perp at level of coracoid

Question 11

CR for Lawrence method (transthoracic lateral projection) of shoulder

Answer 11

perp entering midcoronal plane at surgical neck

Question 12

CR for inferosuperior axial projection (Lawrence) of shoulder joint

Answer 12

horizontally through axilla to the AC with medial angulation 15°-30°

Question 13

CR for inferosuperior axial projection (west point) of shoulder joint

Answer 13

25° anteriorly + 25° medially

5” inferior and 1.5” medial to acromial edge

Question 14

CR for superoinferior axial projection of shoulder joint

Answer 14

5°-15° through shoulder joint toward elbow

Question 15

CR for scapular Y of shoulder joint

Answer 15

perp to the scapulohumeral joint

Question 16

CR for tangential projection (Neer method) of shoulder joint

Answer 16

10°-15° caudad entering superior humeral head

Question 17

CR for AP axial projection of shoulder joint

Answer 17

through scapulohumeral joint at 35° cephalad

Question 18

CR for AP axial projection of shoulder joint (Stryker method)

Answer 18

10° cephalad entering coracoid

Question 19

CR for AP axial oblique projection of shoulder joint (Garth method)

Answer 19

45° caudad through the scapulohumeral joint

Question 20

CR for tangential projection of proximal humerus

Answer 20

10°-15° posterior to long axis of humerus

Question 21

CR for AP projection (Pearson method) of the AC joint

Answer 21

perp to midline of the body at level of AC joints

Question 22

CR for AP projection (Alexander method) of the AC joint

Answer 22

coracoid process at cephalic angle of 15°

Question 23

CR for AP projection of clavicle

Answer 23

perp to midshaft of clavicle

Question 24

CR for AP axial projection (Lordotic position) of clavicle

Answer 24

midshaft of clavicle (15°-30° if not lordotic)

Question 25

CR for AP projection of scapula

Answer 25

perp to midscapular area at 2” inferior coracoid process

Question 26

CR for lateral projection of scapula

Answer 26

perp to midmedial border of protruding scapula

Question 27

CR for AP oblique projection of scapula

Answer 27

perp to lateral border of ribcage at midscapular area

Question 28

CR for AP axial projection of scapula

Answer 28

coracoid process at 30° cephalad

Question 29

CR for tangential projection of scapula

Answer 29

posterosuperior region of shoulder at 45° caudad