EXAM #7 (Ch. 5) Flashcards
What are the respiration phases?
Any exceptions?
Suspended for all positions
5 exceptions:
Transthoracic lateral projection (Lawrence) = inhale and hold
AP clavicle = exhale and hold
AP axial clavicle = inhale and hold
AP scapula = during slow breathing
AP axial scapula = end of exhale
What is the primary reason a scapular Y is done?
- Body rotation?
- What is shown?
A scapular Y is done for the evaluation of suspected shoulder dislocations
- Midcoronal plane forms an angle of 45°-60° to the IR
- Acromion, coracoid, scapula body, inferior angle, humerus
What are the different Lawrence methods?
- How are they done and what do the look like? How far is the arm abducted?
- How much is the arm abducted for the inferosuperior axial projection
(3) Upright and recumbent transthoracic lateral shoulders (upright is always better)
+ Inferosuperior axial projection
- Patient lifts noninjured arm and rests forearm on head for transthoracic
- Arm abducted at a minimum of 20° to prevent superimposition
What projections of the shoulder show the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle
Greater tubercle = external rotation (profile)
Lesser tubercle = internal rotation (profile)
(p. 184, 186)
Body rotation for Grashey’s
• What structures are shown?
35°-45°
• Joint space between humeral head and glenoid cavity
How is the Pearson method done?
• What is shown
Weights are attached to patient’s wrists
The AC joints and shows dislocation, or seperation of the joints
How is the arm positioned to show the coracoid and acromion process
Arms to the side of the body (scapular Y + AP axial) (p. 222)
CR for shoulder
perp to a point 1 inch inferior coracoid
CR for shoulder joint
perp to a point 2 inches medial and 2 inches inferior to superolateral border of shoulder
CR for glenoid cavity (AP oblique shoulder) of shoulder joint
perp at level of coracoid
CR for Lawrence method (transthoracic lateral projection) of shoulder
perp entering midcoronal plane at surgical neck
CR for inferosuperior axial projection (Lawrence) of shoulder joint
horizontally through axilla to the AC with medial angulation 15°-30°
CR for inferosuperior axial projection (west point) of shoulder joint
25° anteriorly + 25° medially
5” inferior and 1.5” medial to acromial edge
CR for superoinferior axial projection of shoulder joint
5°-15° through shoulder joint toward elbow
CR for scapular Y of shoulder joint
perp to the scapulohumeral joint
CR for tangential projection (Neer method) of shoulder joint
10°-15° caudad entering superior humeral head
CR for AP axial projection of shoulder joint
through scapulohumeral joint at 35° cephalad
CR for AP axial projection of shoulder joint (Stryker method)
10° cephalad entering coracoid
CR for AP axial oblique projection of shoulder joint (Garth method)
45° caudad through the scapulohumeral joint
CR for tangential projection of proximal humerus
10°-15° posterior to long axis of humerus
CR for AP projection (Pearson method) of the AC joint
perp to midline of the body at level of AC joints
CR for AP projection (Alexander method) of the AC joint
coracoid process at cephalic angle of 15°
CR for AP projection of clavicle
perp to midshaft of clavicle
CR for AP axial projection (Lordotic position) of clavicle
midshaft of clavicle (15°-30° if not lordotic)
CR for AP projection of scapula
perp to midscapular area at 2” inferior coracoid process
CR for lateral projection of scapula
perp to midmedial border of protruding scapula
CR for AP oblique projection of scapula
perp to lateral border of ribcage at midscapular area
CR for AP axial projection of scapula
coracoid process at 30° cephalad
CR for tangential projection of scapula
posterosuperior region of shoulder at 45° caudad
