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2016FA POSITIONING (D. Demichele) > EXAM #6 > Flashcards

EXAM #6 Flashcards

1
Q

How are phalanges numbered?

How many digits in the phalanges?

How are digits names?

A

1 - 5, laterally to medial (thumb to pinky)

three digits in fingers, two in thumb

distal

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2
Q

Carpals

A

two rows of four carpals (proximal + distal)

proximal: scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform
STEVE LEFT THE PARTY

distal: trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate
TO TAKE CAROL HOME

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3
Q

Interphalangeal (IP) joints

A

articulations between the phalanges and identified by location and digit number

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4
Q

Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints

A

articulations between the heads of the metacarpals and the proximal

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5
Q

Articulation between the middle and distal phalanges is named

A

DIP

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6
Q

Which carpal bone is in the proximal row between the scaphoid and the triquetrum

A. trapezium
B. trapezoid
C. capitate
D. lunate

A

lunate

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7
Q

What is important in patient preparation

A

removing artifacts from anatomy of interest (watches, rings, bracelets)

secure them for patient’s peace of mind

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8
Q

What IR size is used?

What is the SID?

A

IR = 10 x 12

SID = 40 inches

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9
Q

PA

A

digits 2 to 5

1 inch on all sides of digit, including 1 inch proximal to the MCP joint

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10
Q

Lateral

A

digits 2 to 5

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11
Q

PA oblique

A

digits 2 to 5

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12
Q

PA digits 2 to 5

A

part extended with palmar surface in center of unmasked portion of IR

long axis of digit aligned parallel

CR perpendicular to IR

enters patient at PIP joint

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13
Q

Lateral digits 2 to 5

A

Separate digit of interest using cotton swab or tape, and fold other digits into fist

Digit of interest in center of unmasked portion of IR

Long axis of digit parallel with IR

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14
Q

PA oblique digits 2 to 5

A

Part position:
Extended with palmar surface resting on 45-degree wedge sponge

Digit of interest separated to prevent soft tissue overlap

CR:
Perpendicular to PIP joint of affected digit

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15
Q

Collimated field size for thumb?

A

1 inch on all sides of the digit, including 1 inch proximal to the CMC joint

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16
Q

Where does the CR enter the third digit for the PA projection?

A. third DIP joint
B. third PIP joint
C. third MCP joint
D. base of third metacarpal

A

B. third PIP joint

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17
Q

Where does collimated field extend proximally for the AP projection of the first digit?

A. head of the first metacarpal
B. base of the proximal phalange
C. 1 inch proximal to the first CMC joint
D. 1 inch proximal to the radiocarpel joints

A

C. 1 inch proximal to the first CMC joint

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18
Q

Essential projections of the hand

A

PA
PA oblique
lateral (entended and fan)

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19
Q

Collimation size of the hand

A

1 inch on all sides of the hand, including 1 inch proximal to the ulnar styloid

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20
Q

Where should you be centered for hand projections?

A

third MCP joint to unmasked portion of

CR: Perpendicular to third MCP joint

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21
Q

Collimated wrist size

A

2½ inches proximal and distal to the wrist joint and 1 inch on the sides

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22
Q

Which essential projection requires the CR to be centered at the third MCP joint?

A. PA of the third digit
B. PA hand
C. PA wrist
D. PA wrist in ulnar deviation position

A

B. PA hand

23
Q

collimated field for the PA projection of the hand extends 1 inch on all sides of the hand including 1 inch proximal to the

A. ulnar styloid
B. radial styloid
C. third MCP joint
D. third CMC joint

A

B. radial styloid

24
Q

How far proximal and distal to the wrist joint should the collimated field extend for the PA projection of the wrist

A. 1 inches
B. 2 inches
C. 2.5 inches
D. 3 inches

A

C. 2.5 inches

25
Q

General rule for markers?

A

AP, PA, and obliques: markers lateral

and lateral, markers are medial

26
Q

If the digit is parallel to the IR you would see…

A

open joint space in finger

27
Q

[?] which carpal bone must be seen on the AP projection of the thumb

A. capitate
B. trapezoid
C. scaphoid
D. trapezium

A

D. trapezium

28
Q

What are the three joints in the elbow joint proper?

A
  • Proximal radioulnar joint
  • Humeroulnar joint
  • Humeroradial joint
29
Q

[?] Lateral bone of the forearm

A. Humerus
B. Radius
C. Ulna

A

Radius

30
Q

[?] Which portion of the humerus articulates with radial head?

A. Capitulum

B. Trochlea

C. Olecranon

D. Coronoid

A

Capitulum

31
Q

What are the essential projections of the forearm?

A
  • AP

* Lateral

32
Q

Which of the following require the humeral epicondyles to be positioned parallel with the IR?

A

AP forearm

AP elbow

33
Q

[?] Which projection of the elbow demonstrates the olecranon in profile?

  • Lateral
  • AP
  • AP oblique medial rotation
  • AP oblique lateral rotation
A

• Lateral

34
Q

[?] What structure is in profile on the lateral side of the proximal humerus on the AP projection of the humerus?

  • Lesser tubercle
  • Greater tubercle
  • Medial epicondyle
  • Lateral epicondyle
A

• Greater tubercle

35
Q

How many bones in the hand?

How many groups?

A

27 bones

Phalanges, metacarpals, and carpals

36
Q

What does the trochlea articulate with?

A

ulna at the trochlear notch

37
Q

What does the capitulum articulate with?

A

flattened head of radius

38
Q

What are the specific projections that show the scaphoid?

A

Scaphoid series = PA and PA axial projections at 0°, 10°, 20°, and 30° cephalad

39
Q

What do you do if a patient cannot extend their forearm for an AP elbow?

A

Distal Humerus Partial Flexion Position

40
Q

What is the breathing technique used for the humorous?

A

Respiration suspended

41
Q

Where should the CR be for any projection of the hand?

The one exception?

A

perpendicular to the third MCP joint

exception = second MCP joint for laterals

42
Q

What do the carpals articulate with

A

each other, metacarpals, and radius of forearm

43
Q

Where should the CR be for any projection of the digits?

The one exception?

A

digits = perpendicular to PIP

exception = tumb = perpendicular to CMC

44
Q

Where should the CR be for any wrist projection?

The one exception?

A

perpendicular to the midcarpal area

exception = lateral which is perpendicular to the wrist joint

45
Q

Elbow position for:

LATERAL PROJECTION OF:

WRIST

FOREARM

ELBOW

A

90° wrist

90° forearm

90° elbow

46
Q

Why do you flex the fingers for a PA wrist?

A

gets wrist closer to IR

47
Q

How are the epicondyles for the projections of the elbow and humerus for the following:

AP elbow

lateral elbow

AP humerus

lateral humerus

A

AP elbow = parallel to IR

lateral elbow = perpendicular to IR

AP humerus = parallel to IR

lateral humerus = perpendicular to IR

48
Q

What is the Lawrence method?

A

Shoulder projection shows the relationship between the proximal humerus and the scapula

49
Q

What do the projections in the forearm demonstrate

A

elbow joint, radius, ulna, and proximal row of carpals

50
Q

What parts of the body are in the same plane for projections of the elbow for the following:

AP projection

lateral projection

A

AP projection = shoulder joint, humerus, elbow joint

lateral projection = humerus and elbow joint

51
Q

Where should the CR be for a projection of the elbow?

A

perpendicular to elbow joint

52
Q

where should the CR be for a projection of the forearm?

A

perpendicular to the midpoint of the forearm

53
Q

How many phalanges in the hand?

A

14 phalanges

2016FA POSITIONING (D. Demichele) (12 decks)

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