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Skin/MSk > Exam 4 skin viral infections > Flashcards

Exam 4 skin viral infections Flashcards

1
Q

Major viral causes of infections with skin presentation (vesicle or pestule)

A

HHV-1 (neuro, HRM), HHV-2, HHV-3, coxsackievirses A and B, Smallpox, Orf Virus

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2
Q

Major viral causes of infections with skin presentation (maculopapular rashes)

A

Measles, Rubella, Parvovirus B19, Roseolovirus (HHV-6 HHV-7), HHV-4, ECHO virus, West Nile virus

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3
Q

Major viral causes of infections with skin presentation (wart-like eruptions)

A

HPV, Molluscum contagiosum

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4
Q

What class is Herpes virus?

A

Baltimore class I

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5
Q

Does herpesvirus typically integrate into host genome?

A

no

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6
Q

How do herpesvirus stay in cells?

A

They make proteins that mediate genome persistence in host cells

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7
Q

What are conditions that can lead to reactivation of herpesvirus

A

Immune suppression, sexual contact, physical and emotional stress, severe temp changes, sunburns, hormonal changes, malnutrition, excessive fatigue

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8
Q

What are the alphaherpesviruses

A

HSV-1, HSV-2, varicella zoster virus

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9
Q

What are the betaherpesviruses?

A

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV, HHV-6, HHV-7)

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10
Q

What are the gammaherpesviruses?

A

Epstein Barr virus, Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus

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11
Q

What are the 6 common childhood diseases?

A

1st: Measles, 2nd: strep pyogenes (scarlet fever), 3rd: rubella, 4th: SSSS (S. aureus), 5th: Parvovirus B19 (slapped cheeks), 6th: HHV6/7

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12
Q

What are the steps of a viral infection?

A

Attachment > penetration/adsoprtion > synthesis > assembly > release

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13
Q

How are HSV-1 and 2 transmitted?

A

Saliva, vaginal secretions, lesion fluid into eyes or breaks on the skin or mucose membranes

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14
Q

Who is at risk of HSV-1 and 2?

A

children (type 1), sexually active people (type 2). People in healthcare who come into contact with oral or genital secretions

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15
Q

What is the treatment for all herpesviruses?

A

Acyclovir

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16
Q

How is varicella zoster spread?

A

virus is transmitted by respiratory droplets or contact

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17
Q

Who is at risk of varicella zoster

A

Nearly everyone, immunocompromised people

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18
Q

Is there a vaccine for chickenpox?

A

Yes, live vaccine (Oka strain)

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19
Q

Where do herpesviruses usually stay latent?

A

Within neurons

20
Q

What are the disease mechanisms for poxviruses (orthpoxvirus/smallpox)

A

Infection of respiratory tract, spreads through lymphatics and blood

21
Q

What is the difference between smallpox and chickenpox in children?

A

Smallpox lesions all progress and mature at the same time, where chickenpox

22
Q

How do you stop the spread of picornavirus?

A

Can use IgA

23
Q

What causes hand, foot and mouth disease?

A

Coxsackie A virus (picornaviruses)

24
Q

What is the useful way for remembering the maculopapular rashes?

A

“The odds plus 6”- Measles, Rubella, 5th disease (Parvovirus B19), Roseola (HHV6 and 7)

25
Q

What are complications of measles?

A

otitis media, croup, bronchopneumonia, encephalitis, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)

26
Q

What classification are Poxviruses (smallpox)?

A

Group 1, dsDNA

27
Q

What classification are picornaviruses (coxsackie A)?

A

Group IV, ssRNA (+)

28
Q

What group is measles virus?

A

Group V, ssRNA (-)

29
Q

What group is rubella virus?

A

Group IV, ssRNA (+)

30
Q

What are complications of a rubella virus?

A

Can infect fetus of a pregnant woman causing congenital defects

31
Q

What is fifth disease also known as?

A

Erythema infectiosum, caused by parvovirus B19

32
Q

What causes fifth disease?

A

parvovirus B19

33
Q

What is the hallmark of fifth disease?

A

Slapped cheek appearance

34
Q

What group is parvovirus B19 in?

A

ssDNA, group 2

35
Q

What are complications of fifth disease?

A

aplastic crisis, acute polyarthritis, abortion

36
Q

How can fifth disease cause an aplastic crisis?

A

infection of bone marrow erythroid precursor cells

37
Q

What is sixth disease?

A

Roseola

38
Q

What causes sixth disease (Roseola)?

A

HHV-6 and HHV-7

39
Q

What are the hallmarks of sixth disease (Roseola)?

A

High fever (105F), that lasts for 3 days, on fourth day it disappears and maculopapular rash appears

40
Q

What are the treatments for roseola?

A

No vaccine or treatments

41
Q

What causes wart-like rashes?

A

Human papillomavirus, Molluscum contagiosum virus

42
Q

How do you diagnose a either HPV or MCV?

A

clinical diagnosis, histology, microscopy, PCR

43
Q

What group is HPV?

A

Group 1, dsDNA

44
Q

What is a complication of HPV?

A

tumorigenic

45
Q

What is the best screening procedure for cervical cancer?

A

Pap smear: will see huge infected cells

46
Q

Can molluscum contagious cause cancer?

A

no

47
Q

how do you prevent HPV spreading?

A

vaccine available, avoid direct contact, prevent cancer by screening cervix

Skin/MSk (31 decks)

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