Exam 4 skin viral infections

Question 1

Major viral causes of infections with skin presentation (vesicle or pestule)

Answer 1

HHV-1 (neuro, HRM), HHV-2, HHV-3, coxsackievirses A and B, Smallpox, Orf Virus

Question 2

Major viral causes of infections with skin presentation (maculopapular rashes)

Answer 2

Measles, Rubella, Parvovirus B19, Roseolovirus (HHV-6 HHV-7), HHV-4, ECHO virus, West Nile virus

Question 3

Major viral causes of infections with skin presentation (wart-like eruptions)

Answer 3

HPV, Molluscum contagiosum

Question 4

What class is Herpes virus?

Answer 4

Baltimore class I

Question 5

Does herpesvirus typically integrate into host genome?

Answer 5

no

Question 6

How do herpesvirus stay in cells?

Answer 6

They make proteins that mediate genome persistence in host cells

Question 7

What are conditions that can lead to reactivation of herpesvirus

Answer 7

Immune suppression, sexual contact, physical and emotional stress, severe temp changes, sunburns, hormonal changes, malnutrition, excessive fatigue

Question 8

What are the alphaherpesviruses

Answer 8

HSV-1, HSV-2, varicella zoster virus

Question 9

What are the betaherpesviruses?

Answer 9

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV, HHV-6, HHV-7)

Question 10

What are the gammaherpesviruses?

Answer 10

Epstein Barr virus, Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus

Question 11

What are the 6 common childhood diseases?

Answer 11

1st: Measles, 2nd: strep pyogenes (scarlet fever), 3rd: rubella, 4th: SSSS (S. aureus), 5th: Parvovirus B19 (slapped cheeks), 6th: HHV6/7

Question 12

What are the steps of a viral infection?

Answer 12

Attachment > penetration/adsoprtion > synthesis > assembly > release

Question 13

How are HSV-1 and 2 transmitted?

Answer 13

Saliva, vaginal secretions, lesion fluid into eyes or breaks on the skin or mucose membranes

Question 14

Who is at risk of HSV-1 and 2?

Answer 14

children (type 1), sexually active people (type 2). People in healthcare who come into contact with oral or genital secretions

Question 15

What is the treatment for all herpesviruses?

Answer 15

Acyclovir

Question 16

How is varicella zoster spread?

Answer 16

virus is transmitted by respiratory droplets or contact

Question 17

Who is at risk of varicella zoster

Answer 17

Nearly everyone, immunocompromised people

Question 18

Is there a vaccine for chickenpox?

Answer 18

Yes, live vaccine (Oka strain)

Question 19

Where do herpesviruses usually stay latent?

Answer 19

Within neurons

Question 20

What are the disease mechanisms for poxviruses (orthpoxvirus/smallpox)

Answer 20

Infection of respiratory tract, spreads through lymphatics and blood

Question 21

What is the difference between smallpox and chickenpox in children?

Answer 21

Smallpox lesions all progress and mature at the same time, where chickenpox

Question 22

How do you stop the spread of picornavirus?

Answer 22

Can use IgA

Question 23

What causes hand, foot and mouth disease?

Answer 23

Coxsackie A virus (picornaviruses)

Question 24

What is the useful way for remembering the maculopapular rashes?

Answer 24

“The odds plus 6”- Measles, Rubella, 5th disease (Parvovirus B19), Roseola (HHV6 and 7)

Question 25

What are complications of measles?

Answer 25

otitis media, croup, bronchopneumonia, encephalitis, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)

Question 26

What classification are Poxviruses (smallpox)?

Answer 26

Group 1, dsDNA

Question 27

What classification are picornaviruses (coxsackie A)?

Answer 27

Group IV, ssRNA (+)

Question 28

What group is measles virus?

Answer 28

Group V, ssRNA (-)

Question 29

What group is rubella virus?

Answer 29

Group IV, ssRNA (+)

Question 30

What are complications of a rubella virus?

Answer 30

Can infect fetus of a pregnant woman causing congenital defects

Question 31

What is fifth disease also known as?

Answer 31

Erythema infectiosum, caused by parvovirus B19

Question 32

What causes fifth disease?

Answer 32

parvovirus B19

Question 33

What is the hallmark of fifth disease?

Answer 33

Slapped cheek appearance

Question 34

What group is parvovirus B19 in?

Answer 34

ssDNA, group 2

Question 35

What are complications of fifth disease?

Answer 35

aplastic crisis, acute polyarthritis, abortion

Question 36

How can fifth disease cause an aplastic crisis?

Answer 36

infection of bone marrow erythroid precursor cells

Question 37

What is sixth disease?

Answer 37

Roseola

Question 38

What causes sixth disease (Roseola)?

Answer 38

HHV-6 and HHV-7

Question 39

What are the hallmarks of sixth disease (Roseola)?

Answer 39

High fever (105F), that lasts for 3 days, on fourth day it disappears and maculopapular rash appears

Question 40

What are the treatments for roseola?

Answer 40

No vaccine or treatments

Question 41

What causes wart-like rashes?

Answer 41

Human papillomavirus, Molluscum contagiosum virus

Question 42

How do you diagnose a either HPV or MCV?

Answer 42

clinical diagnosis, histology, microscopy, PCR

Question 43

What group is HPV?

Answer 43

Group 1, dsDNA

Question 44

What is a complication of HPV?

Answer 44

tumorigenic

Question 45

What is the best screening procedure for cervical cancer?

Answer 45

Pap smear: will see huge infected cells

Question 46

Can molluscum contagious cause cancer?

Answer 46

no

Question 47

how do you prevent HPV spreading?

Answer 47

vaccine available, avoid direct contact, prevent cancer by screening cervix