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Nursing 120 > Exam 4 - Pain > Flashcards

Exam 4 - Pain Flashcards

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1
Q

what is acute pain caused by

A

trauma

surgery

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2
Q

what is chronic pain caused by

A

disease

healed tissue injury

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3
Q

somatic

A

skin and other MSK structures

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4
Q

visceral

A

organs

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5
Q

what describes somatic superficial pain?

A

sharp and burning

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6
Q

what describes deep somatic pain?

A

dull aching and cramping

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7
Q

visceral pain

A 
poorly localized
radiates
dull
ache
sharp/stab
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8
Q

what is neuropathic pain?

A

from a nerve injury

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9
Q

what does neuropathic pain feel like?

A

pooly localized
shooting
burning
fire

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10
Q

how is pain transmitted

A

C-Fibers

Delta A fibers

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11
Q

what are rapid A- delta fibers?

A

rapid response
found in skin and muscle
feels prickly and sharp

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12
Q

what are C fibers

A

slow and more diffuse
found in muscle, periosteum, organs
unmyelinated, thermal, chemical, and mechanical impulse

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13
Q

what are the three pain theories

A

specificity
gate control
neuromatrix

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14
Q

specifiticty theory

A

input of pain travels to brain that processes

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15
Q

gate control theory

A

occurs in spinal cord

can change impulse before heading to brain

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16
Q

neuromatrix theory

A

whatever the brain says it is, it is

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17
Q 
relief of associated symptoms
rest
empathy
diversion
humor 
faith

all do what?

A

alleviate pain

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18
Q 
nausea
vomitting
fever
lack of sleep
poor nutrition
anxiety
fear
depression
anger

all do what?

A

increase pain

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19
Q

how does acute pain effect the patient

A

inhibit coughing and deep breathing
enhance muscle reflex contraction
activation of stress

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20
Q

how does chronic pain effect the patient

A 
cause sleep disturbance
reduce energy
decrease socialization
decrease immune
cause depression
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21
Q

Pain = Stress =

A

delayed healing

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22
Q

how to assess pain

A 
precipitating factors
aggravating factors
localization of pain
characterization
duration
physical signs
23
Q

PQRST

A 
Precipitating factors
Quality or quantity
region or radiation
severity scale
timing
24
Q

what are assessment categories

A

localized
raditating
referred
projected

25
Q

three main analgesic classifications

A

opioid
nonopioid
adjuvant

26
Q

what are the receptors for opioids

A

mu
kappa
delta

27
Q

which receptor is most important

A

mu

28
Q

what receptor doesn’t matter with opioid

A

delta

29
Q

what are the classifications of opioids

A

agonist
antagonist
agaonist-antagonist

30
Q

what do the agonist target?

A

kappa and mu receptors

31
Q

what do antagonist target?

A

used to reverse effects of opioids

32
Q

what do agonist antagonist target

A

block mu and activate kappa

33
Q

what happens when you give a agonist with an agonist antagonist?

A

it will act as an antagonist

34
Q

agonist opioids

A

fentanyl
codeine
hydromorphone
oxycodone

35
Q

antagonist opioid

A

narcan (naloxone)

36
Q

combination drugs

A

norco (hydrocodone and acetaminaphen)

vicoprofen

37
Q

agonist antagonist

A

buprenorphine

38
Q

sedating adjuvants

A

anti emetic
anti anxiety
muscle relaxants
anti histamine

39
Q

non sedating adjuvants

A

glucocorticosteroids
anti convulsant
anti depressant
local anestetic

40
Q

side effects of opioids

A

sedation and resp depression

41
Q

types of COX inhibitors

A

anti inflammatory
anti pyretic
analgesics

42
Q

what is a FLACC scale

A 
face
legs
activity
cry
consolibility
43
Q

CRIES scale

A 
cry
o2
hr and bp
facial expression
sleep
44
Q

what is a non pain scale on the FLACC scale

A

0

45
Q

what is a non pain scale on the cries scale

A

0

46
Q

non seizure medication

A

gabapentin

47
Q

antinausea

A

ondanestron and zofran

48
Q

non opioid analgesic IV

A

toradol

49
Q

how should you deliver narcan

A

every 2 to 3 minutes

0.2 mg to 0.4 mg

50
Q

who should you not give morphine too?

A

gall bladder patients
no head injuries
pancreas

51
Q

miosis

A

pin point pupils

52
Q

Complementary alternative medicine

A

massage and other things

53
Q

how should you administer pain meds in elderly?

A

low and slow

54
Q

how should you administer pain meds in every one else for doses?

A

high to low

Nursing 120 (21 decks)

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