EXAM 4- METHODS: CELLS Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 types of microscopes

A
  • light
  • confocal
  • electron
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2
Q

what microscope would give you a 3D image

A

scanning electron microscope

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3
Q

what microscope would give you a 2D image

A

transmission electron microscope

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4
Q

what microscope would you use to look at a X section

A

transmission electron microscope

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5
Q

what kind of microscope gives you a picture of the surface of a sample

A

scanning electron microscope

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6
Q

what is the resolution of a light microscope

A

0.2 um appart

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7
Q

what are the 2 types of light microscopes

A
  • light

- confocal

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8
Q

what are the 2 lenses in a light compound microscope

A
  • ocular

- objective

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9
Q

what kind of microscope: reduction of background for high quality images

A

confocal

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10
Q

A confocal microscope collects serial ____ _______ from _____ specimens

A
  • optical sections

- thick

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11
Q

what is used to visualize molecules in light microscope

A
  • antibodies
  • radioisotopes
  • GFP
  • probe
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12
Q

what does GFP stand for

A

green fluorescence protein

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13
Q

what is the 2 problems with GFP

A
  • the sample will start to degrade over time and fade

- only dead samples can be used

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14
Q

true or false: the secondary antibody will be the one to permanently stain the sample

A

true

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15
Q

what kind of microscope: for looking at organelles and molecules

A

electron microscope

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16
Q

what are the 2 types of electron microscopes

A
  • scanning

- transmission

17
Q

would you use a scanning or transmission electron microscope to look at structures

A

transmission

18
Q

describe the samples for an electron microscope

A
  • fixed

- very thin

19
Q

what allows surface features to be examined at high resolution by negative staining

A

immunogold electron microscopy metal shadowing

20
Q

separate individual cells from whole tissue

A

cell extraction

21
Q

what does the tissue get treated with in cell extraction

A

protease and other enzymes

22
Q

how are cells ID in cell extraction

A
  • fluorescently- labeled antibodies

- fluorescence- activated cell sorter

23
Q

antibodies tag cell surface markers

A
  • fluorescently- labeled antibodies
24
Q

separates cells according to fluorescence antibody tag

A
  • fluorescence- activated cell sorter
25
what is the purpose of culturing cells
- control environment - sterile - mimic growing requirements
26
term? embryonic stem cells that can differentiate into anything
pluripotent
27
true or false: adult stem cells are limited to what they can become
true
28
describe cloned animals lifespan
they have a shorter lifespan than the animal they were cloned from
29
what does in situ hybridization determine
presence of genes on tissue
30
what is the abbreviation for terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling
TUNEL
31
what does the TUNEL ASSAY determine
locates DNA fragmentation caused by cell death