EXAM 4- METHODS: CELLS

Question 1

What are the 3 types of microscopes

Answer 1

• light
• confocal
• electron

Question 2

what microscope would give you a 3D image

Answer 2

scanning electron microscope

Question 3

what microscope would give you a 2D image

Answer 3

transmission electron microscope

Question 4

what microscope would you use to look at a X section

Answer 4

transmission electron microscope

Question 5

what kind of microscope gives you a picture of the surface of a sample

Answer 5

scanning electron microscope

Question 6

what is the resolution of a light microscope

Answer 6

0.2 um appart

Question 7

what are the 2 types of light microscopes

Answer 7

• light

- confocal

Question 8

what are the 2 lenses in a light compound microscope

Answer 8

• ocular

- objective

Question 9

what kind of microscope: reduction of background for high quality images

Answer 9

confocal

Question 10

A confocal microscope collects serial ____ _______ from _____ specimens

Answer 10

• optical sections

- thick

Question 11

what is used to visualize molecules in light microscope

Answer 11

• antibodies
• radioisotopes
• GFP
• probe

Question 12

what does GFP stand for

Answer 12

green fluorescence protein

Question 13

what is the 2 problems with GFP

Answer 13

• the sample will start to degrade over time and fade

- only dead samples can be used

Question 14

true or false: the secondary antibody will be the one to permanently stain the sample

Answer 14

true

Question 15

what kind of microscope: for looking at organelles and molecules

Answer 15

electron microscope

Question 16

what are the 2 types of electron microscopes

Answer 16

• scanning

- transmission

Question 17

would you use a scanning or transmission electron microscope to look at structures

Answer 17

transmission

Question 18

describe the samples for an electron microscope

Answer 18

• fixed

- very thin

Question 19

what allows surface features to be examined at high resolution by negative staining

Answer 19

immunogold electron microscopy metal shadowing

Question 20

separate individual cells from whole tissue

Answer 20

cell extraction

Question 21

what does the tissue get treated with in cell extraction

Answer 21

protease and other enzymes

Question 22

how are cells ID in cell extraction

Answer 22

• fluorescently- labeled antibodies

- fluorescence- activated cell sorter

Question 23

antibodies tag cell surface markers

Answer 23

• fluorescently- labeled antibodies

Question 24

separates cells according to fluorescence antibody tag

Answer 24

• fluorescence- activated cell sorter

Question 25

what is the purpose of culturing cells

Answer 25

• control environment
• sterile
• mimic growing requirements

Question 26

term? embryonic stem cells that can differentiate into anything

Answer 26

pluripotent

Question 27

true or false: adult stem cells are limited to what they can become

Answer 27

true

Question 28

describe cloned animals lifespan

Answer 28

they have a shorter lifespan than the animal they were cloned from

Question 29

what does in situ hybridization determine

Answer 29

presence of genes on tissue

Question 30

what is the abbreviation for terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling

Answer 30

TUNEL

Question 31

what does the TUNEL ASSAY determine

Answer 31

locates DNA fragmentation caused by cell death