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N1115 - Trans. to Associates > Exam 4 - HA, Trigeminal Neurologia, Bells Palsy > Flashcards

Exam 4 - HA, Trigeminal Neurologia, Bells Palsy Flashcards

1
Q

how many nerve pathways are in the face

A

3

2 in cheek; 1 in forehead

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2
Q

trigeminal neuralgia usually affects the nerves located where

A

the cheek

maxillary, mandibular branches

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3
Q

sudden, severe, unilateral pain along the trigeminal nerve

brief, stabbing, reoccuring

A

trigeminal neuralgia

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4
Q

trigeminal neuralgia etiology

A

compression of the nerve as it exists the brainstem

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5
Q

how is trigeminal neuralgia Dx

A

H&P

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6
Q

medications for trigeminal neuralgia

A 
antiseizure (Gabapentin)
tricyclic antidepressants (Lyrica)
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7
Q

what to assess for trigeminal neuralgia pts

A

dental care

*may not brush their teeth on the affected side

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8
Q

Bells Palsy is acute ___ ___

A

facial paralysis

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9
Q

cranial nerve affected by Bells Palsy

A

CN VII - Facial

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10
Q

how long does it take to recover from Bells Palsy

A

3-9 months

may have residual tearing, facial weakness

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11
Q

etiology of bells palsy

A

unknown

could be r/t acute demyelination (like Guillian Barre), reactivation of HSV or HSZ, viral infection (Eptein-Barr, CMV, etc)

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12
Q

s/sx of Bell’s Palsy

A 
sudden unilateral facial paralysis
pain around ear
hearing deficit
tearing or dry eye
weak muscles - poor chewing
unilateral loss of taste
Bell's Phenomenon
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13
Q

Bell’s Phenomenon

A

cannot close eyelid

upward movement of eye when attempted

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14
Q

Bell’s Palsy treatment

A 
most heat
gentle massage
electrical stimulation
Rx exercises
corticosteroids
**taper off, do not stop abruptly; take with food, water to prevent stomach irritation
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15
Q

ways to protect the face with Bell’s Palsy

A 
drafts, cold
chew on unaffected side
nutrition
oral hygiene
dark glasses
artificial tears, ointments, patches
tape lids shut
facial sling
coping measures r/t body image
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16
Q

most common pain symptom

A

HA

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17
Q

primary HA types

A

migraine
tension
cluster

18
Q

examples of secondary HA

A

sinus
alcohol/hangover
fever
tumor

19
Q

most painful HA

A

cluster

20
Q

pain is often around eyes and is woken in the middle of the night

A

cluster

21
Q

severe intense throbbing pain with pulsating character mostly localized on one side

A

migraine

22
Q

may occur one or a few times a week or continuous for several days

lasts 30 minutes to 7 days

A

tension

23
Q

tension HA pain location

A

bilateral band like pressure at the base of skull

24
Q

how to Dx tension HA

A

H&P

25
Q

preventative tension HA treatment

A

tricyclic antidepressants
SSRIs
biofeedback
stress reducation

26
Q

abortive treatment tension HA

A 
NSAIDS
Tylenol
ASA
Muscle relaxants
Combo meds: Excedrin, Goodies Powder
27
Q

associated s/sx of migraines

A

irritability
sweating
N/V
photophobia/phonophobia

28
Q

premonitory (aura) symptoms with migraines

A

scotomas (dark spots in vision)

smells

29
Q

cause of migraines

A

idiopathic
series of neurovasuclar events
neural hyperexcitability
genetics

30
Q

how to Dx migraines

A

H&P

31
Q

abortive treatment: migraines

A 
ASA
NSAIDS
Combo drugs
serotonin receptor agonists
corticosteroids
32
Q

preventative treatment: migraines

A 
beta blockers
antidepressants
antiseizure
botox
biofeedback
-cognitive behavior therapy, relaxation therapy
33
Q

how long can cluster HA last

A

minutes to hours

34
Q

s/sx of cluster HA

A 
eye edema
tearing
facial flushing
nasal congestion
pupil constriction
aura
35
Q

cause of cluster HA

A

idiopathic
hypothalamus
-irregular melatonin, cortisol
-circadian rhythm

36
Q

cluster HA triggers

A 
smells
weather changes
napping
alcohol
drafts/cool breeze, wind
37
Q

Dx cluster HA

A

H&P

38
Q

abortive treatment: cluster HA

A

100% O2 via face mask
alpha blockers
serotonin receptor agonist

39
Q

preventative treatment: cluster HA

A

alpha blockers
corticosteroids
CCB
biofeedback

40
Q

what can cause a rebound HA

A

overuse of pain meds

N1115 - Trans. to Associates (21 decks)

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