Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

N1115 - Trans. to Associates > Exam 3 - Chpt 36 Musculo. Disorders > Flashcards

Exam 3 - Chpt 36 Musculo. Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

most common form of athritis

A

osteoarthritis (OA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

osteoarthritis used to be called what?

A

degenerative joint disease (DJD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

slow, progressive, non-systemic, non-inflammatory disease

affects articulating and weight bearing joints

A

osteoarthritis (OA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

OA risk factors

A 
trauma
repetitive activities
inflammation
obesity
neuro disorders
skeletal deformities
hema/endocrine disorders
meds
aging
genetics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

s/sx of OA

A 
pain
loss of function
loss of mobility
coordination, posture
joint stiffness
crepitation
malalignment, deformity
subluxation
Herbenden's nodes
Bouchard's nodes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Herbenden’s nodes location

A

joint closest to finger tip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bouchard’s node location

A

joint mid finger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

multiple compartment arthritis effects the __ joint

A

whole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

single compartment arthritis effects ___ joint

A

partical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

OA s/sx in hips/knees

A 
disabling
uni, bilateral
pain
difficulty sitting, rising
crepitus
flexion deformities
decrease ROM
one leg shorter
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Dx OA

A 
H&P
XR
CT
MRI
bone scan
ESR
synovial fluid aspiration (not useful in Dx OA but r/o autoimmune disease of the joint such as RA)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

OA treatment goals

A

control pain
prevent progression, disability
maintain, restore joint function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

OA complementary/alternative therapy

A 
acupuncture
massage
Tai Chi
Yoga
TENS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

OTC OA supplements

A

Glucosamine

Chondroitin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Other OTC OA meds

A

Acetaminophen (no more than 4G daily)
NSAIDs
Topicals
ASA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Rx OA meds

A

Arthrotec (Diclofenac)
Hyaluronic acid derivatives
Intraarticular corticosteroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

OA health promotion measures

A

eliminate excess strain on joints
proper body mechanics, posture
reduce trauma on joints
no acute, strenuous, repetitive exercise/activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

OA home care

A 
safety
pain relief
rest joints - splints
heat/cold
exercise
stretch gloves
sexual counseling
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

long-term corticosteroid use decreases

A

bone density

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

types of joint surgeries

A 
synovectomy
osteotomy
debridement
arthrodesis
arthroplasty
-reconstruction, replacement of joint; can part of or all the joint
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

acute arthritis characterized by elevation of uric acid in the blood, depositing uric acid crystals into the joint

A

gout

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

how long can gout flares last

A

last days to weeks followed by long periods without s/sx

23
Q

how many joints does gout usually occur in

A

1

24
Q

gout risk factors

A

more common in men
hyperuricemia
postmenopausal
organ transplant

25
Q

primary hyperuricemia

A

heredity (error of purine metabolism/overproduction/retention of uric acid)
severe dieting/starvation
excessive intake of high purine foods

26
Q

secondary hyperuricemia

A

r/t to another disorder:

  • meds that inhibit uric acid excretion
  • increased cell turn over (leukemia, MM, psoriasis, some types of anemia)
27
Q

causes of hyperuricemia

A 
acidosis, ketosis
alcohol
atherosclerosis
chemo drugs
DM
drug-induced renal impairment
lead exposure
hyperlipidemia
HTN
malignant disease
myeloproliferative disorders
obesity, starvation
renal insufficiency
sickle cell anemia
28
Q

common drugs that can lead to hyperuricemia

A

ASA
diuretics: thiazide, furosemide
niacin

*ethanol (in book, not PPT)

29
Q

will a diet high in purines cause gout?

A

No but it will lead to a gout attack

30
Q

high purine foods

A

red meat
organ meat
shellfish
fructose drinks

31
Q

acute gout s/sx

A 
precipitating event
dusky, cyanotic joint
extreme tenderness
low grade fever
podagra
1 or more joints, but less than 4
subsides 2-10 days
32
Q

chronic gout s/sx

A

multiple joints

tophi

33
Q

gout complications

A 
joint deformity
OA
tophaceous deposits
infection
kidney/urinary stones
renal disease
34
Q

how to Dx gout

A 
synovial fluid analysis
serum uric acid levels
24 hour urine specimen
CBC
ESR
XR
35
Q

gout treatment goals

A

terminate acute attacks
prevent future attacks
prevent complications

36
Q

gout medication management

A 
Colchicine (Colcrys)
NSAIDs
corticosteriods
Benemid
Zyloprim (Allopurinol_
Oxypurinol
37
Q

nutritional management of gout

A

low purine diet
limit alcohol
increase fluids

38
Q

support care for gout

A

bed rest, immobilize joint
careful handling of joint
application of heat, cold

39
Q

splint/brace for OA immobilization should not be worn more than how long?

A

> 1 week

40
Q

is heat or cold therapy more often used for OA?

A

heat

41
Q

heat therapy is used for ___ whereas cold therapy is used for ___.

A

heat: stiffness
cold: acute inflammation

42
Q

Rx therapist for OA

A

PT

OT

43
Q

Why are medications taken by OA pts?

A

symptom management

44
Q

initial analgesic therapy for OA

A

Acetaminophen

45
Q

caution using Celecoxib in pts with what health issues?

A

cardiovascular

46
Q

Arthrotec is used where?

A

hands

knees

47
Q

what occurs with viscosupplementation?

A

injection of gel-like substance (hyaluronate) into a joint (intra-auricular)

*thought to supplement synovial fluid; aim to prevent loss of cartilage, repair defects

48
Q

acute nursing interventions for OA

A 
meds
balance rest/activity
rest the joint
heat, cold
assist with ADLs
body alignment, posture
educate
49
Q

polypharmacy can lead to ___ changes or overlapping side effects in older adults

A

arthritic

50
Q

older adults with musculoskeletal pain may not have arthritis but their symptoms may be caused by what?

A

depression

physical inactivity

51
Q

hyperuricemia is > than

A

6.8

52
Q

where is tophi usually located?

A

ear
hands
great toe

53
Q

symptom free period between gout attacks

A

intercritical stage

N1115 - Trans. to Associates (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions