Exam 2 - Fluid, Electrolytes Flashcards
__% of the body is water; ___% of an infants body is water
60; 80
more muscle = more ___
water
fat does not hold water
2 main compartments of distribution of body fluids
intracellular (ICF)
extracellular (ECF)
intracellular fluid (ICF) is where
inside the cell
extracellular fluid (ECF) is where
blood plasma and interstitial fluid
-blood vessels and between cells
where is the first place fluid goes to or comes from?
ICF
what is in ICF?
K, Mg
what is in ECF?
Na, Cl, bicarb protein
movement from an area of high concentration to low concentration
diffusion
most common protein found in the blood
albumin
___ is the opposite of diffusion
osmosis
movement of water from an area of low concentration to high concentration
osmosis
osmolality of plasma
*lab value
280-300
NS is an isotonic solution meaning is the same concentration as ___
blood
“same as I”
hypertonic solution osmolality is __ than plasma
more; > 300
hypotonic solution is __ than plasma
less; <280
the elderly are usually in which state d/t decreased thirst mechanism
hypertonic
hypotonic is too much __ not enough __
fluid; electrolytes
holds fluid (protein, solutes) in the blood vessels
osmotic pressure
pushes fluid out
hydrostatic pressure
a fluid is anything liquid at ___ ___
room temperature
losing water and salt at the same time will cause which deficit
isotonic
losing water, not salt, will cause which deficit
osmolar
gaining water and salt will cause which volume excess
isotonic
retaining water, not salt, will cause which fluid volume excess
osmolar
s/sx of dehydration
poor skin turgor low BP decreased cap refill sunken eyes dry mouth increased BUN, Crt
fluid shifting into a nonobtainable area
third spacing
s/sx of third spacing
edema
ascites
burns
osmolar fluid volume deficit s/sx
nausea
impaired swallowing
confusion
depression
hypernatremia
___ are atoms with a charge
electrolytes
water soluble electrolytes
Na
Cl
K
cerebral edema can be caused by which electrolyte imbalance
hyponatremia
can you give K IVP?
No
independent nursing interventions and assessments
daily weight
I&O
VS
report weight loss > __ lb in 24 hours or > ___ in a week
2; 5
should you empty NGT or chest tube output?
No, mark level at end of shift
ice is equivalent to how much fluid?
half
concentrated urine
hemoconcentration
diluted urine
hemodilution
