Exam 2 - Fluid, Electrolytes

Question 1

__% of the body is water; ___% of an infants body is water

Answer 1

60; 80

Question 2

more muscle = more ___

Answer 2

water

fat does not hold water

Question 3

2 main compartments of distribution of body fluids

Answer 3

intracellular (ICF)

extracellular (ECF)

Question 4

intracellular fluid (ICF) is where

Answer 4

inside the cell

Question 5

extracellular fluid (ECF) is where

Answer 5

blood plasma and interstitial fluid

-blood vessels and between cells

Question 6

where is the first place fluid goes to or comes from?

Answer 6

ICF

Question 7

what is in ICF?

Answer 7

K, Mg

Question 8

what is in ECF?

Answer 8

Na, Cl, bicarb protein

Question 9

movement from an area of high concentration to low concentration

Answer 9

diffusion

Question 10

most common protein found in the blood

Answer 10

albumin

Question 11

___ is the opposite of diffusion

Answer 11

osmosis

Question 12

movement of water from an area of low concentration to high concentration

Answer 12

osmosis

Question 13

osmolality of plasma

*lab value

Answer 13

280-300

Question 14

NS is an isotonic solution meaning is the same concentration as ___

Answer 14

blood

“same as I”

Question 15

hypertonic solution osmolality is __ than plasma

Answer 15

more; > 300

Question 16

hypotonic solution is __ than plasma

Answer 16

less; <280

Question 17

the elderly are usually in which state d/t decreased thirst mechanism

Answer 17

hypertonic

Question 18

hypotonic is too much __ not enough __

Answer 18

fluid; electrolytes

Question 19

holds fluid (protein, solutes) in the blood vessels

Answer 19

osmotic pressure

Question 20

pushes fluid out

Answer 20

hydrostatic pressure

Question 21

a fluid is anything liquid at ___ ___

Answer 21

room temperature

Question 22

losing water and salt at the same time will cause which deficit

Answer 22

isotonic

Question 23

losing water, not salt, will cause which deficit

Answer 23

osmolar

Question 24

gaining water and salt will cause which volume excess

Answer 24

isotonic

Question 25

retaining water, not salt, will cause which fluid volume excess

Answer 25

osmolar

Question 26

s/sx of dehydration

Answer 26

poor skin turgor
low BP
decreased cap refill
sunken eyes
dry mouth
increased BUN, Crt

Question 27

fluid shifting into a nonobtainable area

Answer 27

third spacing

Question 28

s/sx of third spacing

Answer 28

edema
ascites
burns

Question 29

osmolar fluid volume deficit s/sx

Answer 29

nausea
impaired swallowing
confusion
depression

hypernatremia

Question 30

___ are atoms with a charge

Answer 30

electrolytes

Question 31

water soluble electrolytes

Answer 31

Na
Cl
K

Question 32

cerebral edema can be caused by which electrolyte imbalance

Answer 32

hyponatremia

Question 33

can you give K IVP?

Answer 33

No

Question 34

independent nursing interventions and assessments

Answer 34

daily weight
I&O
VS

Question 35

report weight loss > __ lb in 24 hours or > ___ in a week

Answer 35

2; 5

Question 36

should you empty NGT or chest tube output?

Answer 36

No, mark level at end of shift

Question 37

ice is equivalent to how much fluid?

Answer 37

half

Question 38

concentrated urine

Answer 38

hemoconcentration

Question 39

diluted urine

Answer 39

hemodilution