Exam 3 - Diabetes

Question 1

DM 1 patho

Answer 1

pancreas fails to produce insulin

Question 2

DM 2 patho

Answer 2

cells become insulin resistant

Question 3

DM 1 dx at which age

Answer 3

younger

later in life d/t virus

Question 4

DM 2 meds are given for what?

Answer 4

some insulin made, not enough

decrease insulin resistance

Question 5

DM 2 is a result of

Answer 5

lifestyle choice

Question 6

DM lifestyle preventions

Answer 6

PO meds for pre-diabetes
diet (low calorie; high glycemic carbs balanced with fat, protein)
exercise

Question 7

3 P’s of DM

Answer 7

polydipsia
polyuria
polyphagia

Question 8

Dx DM - random BGL

Answer 8

> 200

Question 9

Dx DM - fasting BGL

Answer 9

> 126

Question 10

Dx DM - 2 hour postload glucose

Answer 10

> 200

Question 11

Dx DM - Hgb A1C

Answer 11

> 6.5

Question 12

What occurs with Carb Consistent Diet

Answer 12

15 G carbs per choice

Question 13

exercise therapy for BGL

Answer 13

moderate 3x/week
resistance 2x/week
exercise when BGL at peak
proper footwear, equipment
inspect feet daily
do not exercise in extreme climates
check BGL before, after exercise

Question 14

exercise education for glucose level

Answer 14

check during exercise if prolonged workout

keep 15 G of simple surgars

Question 15

by product of fat breakdown

Answer 15

Ketones

Question 16

when the body can not adequately use sugar for energy it breaks down ___ to create more energy

Answer 16

fat

Question 17

how to test for ketones

Answer 17

urine dipstick

Question 18

when to give a rapid acting insulin

Answer 18

when the tray is infront of hte pt

Question 19

only insulin to be given IV

Answer 19

short acting/regular

Question 20

what occurs with the dawn phenomenon or somogyi effect

Answer 20

hypoglycemia around 0200-0300, then elevated BGL in the morning

*rebound effect

Question 21

basal insulin

Answer 21

long-acting

Question 22

when is “loose” control insulin administered

Answer 22

terminally ill
older, frail
difficulty following an intensive plan

Question 23

s/sx of hypoglycemia

Answer 23

shaky
sweaty
dizzy
confusion, difficulty speaking
hungry
weak, tired
HA
nervous, upset

Question 24

pt education to prevent long term DM complications

Answer 24

foot care
exercise, nutrition
meds
BP control
control cholesterol, triglycerides
keep dental, eye appointments

Question 25

foot care education

Answer 25

check daily
use mirror to evaluate bottom of feet
clean daily with nonirritating soap, pat dry

supportive, well-fitting shoes
diabetic socks
avoid sandals, flip flops