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N1115 - Trans. to Associates > Exam 4 - GI > Flashcards

Exam 4 - GI Flashcards

1
Q

inflammation of the mouth

A

stomatitis

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2
Q

cause of stomatitis

A 
gingivitis
oral thrush
herpes simplex
aphthous stomatitis (canker sore)
parotitis
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3
Q

gingivitis prevention

A

oral care
-brushing, flossing, dental checkup

fibrous foods

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4
Q

s/sx of oral candidiasis

A

white patches
sore mouth/throat
yeasty breath

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5
Q

treatment of thrush

A

antifungal meds
-nystatin
-miconazole
amphortericin B (lots of side effects)

at least 1 dose of IV diflucan

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6
Q

predisposing factors for herpes simplex

A

URI
sunlight
stress

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7
Q

herpes simplex treatment

A

camphor, corticosteroids
avoid predisposing factors
antivirals
*take when begins to sting

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8
Q

treatment of aphthour stomatitis (canker sore)

A

corticosteroids

tetracycline

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9
Q

inflammation of the parotid gland

A

parotitis

painful; can have exudate

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10
Q

parotitis occurs with the ___

A

mumps

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11
Q

parotitis treatment

A 
abx
pain meds
mouth washes
warm compress
fluid intake
chewing gum
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12
Q

inflammation of the gastric lining of stomach

breakdown of the gastric mucosal barrier

A

gastritis

acute, chronic

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13
Q

gastritis risk factors

A

meds (NSAIDS, ASA, corticosteroids)
diet (alcohol, spicy foods, caffeine)
H. Pylori

female, > 60 y/o, hx of ulcers, taking multiple drugs that harm the stomach

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14
Q

acute gastritis s/sx

A 
anorexia
N/V
epigastric tenderness
feeling of fullness
hemorrhage (alcohol abuse)
self-limiting

lasts a few hours to days

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15
Q

chronic gastritis s/sx

A

similar to acute
some are asymptomatic
pernicious anemia
*missing intrinsic factor for vitamin b12 absorption

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16
Q

Dx gastritis

A 
hx, symptoms of lifestyle
H. Pylori labs
stool for occult blood
EGD with bx
*definitive dx
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17
Q

acute gastritis treatment

A

preventative

pain, N/V control
IVF
NGT
PPI, H2 receptor blockers

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18
Q

chronic gastritis treatment

A

find, eliminate causes

alcohol
H. Pylori
smoking
stress reduction

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19
Q

when does alcohol detox begin

A

day 3

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20
Q

2 common GI conditions

A

GERD

hiatal hernia

21
Q

chronic symptom of mucosal damage caused by reflux of stomach acid in the lower esophagus

not a disease but a syndrome

A

GERD

22
Q

stomach of the stomach pushes itself into the esophageal opening

A

hiatal hernia

23
Q

hiatal hernia is common in

A

older adults

chronic alcoholism

24
Q

hiatal hernia care is similar to

A

GERD

25
Q

cause of GERD

A

no single cause

excess stomach acid
foods
sphincter not as tight as it should be

26
Q

GERD causes

A 
low acid
gas
parasites
hiatal hernia
pregnancy
obesity
tight fitting clothes
wrong posture
large meals
smoking
medications
H. Pylori
excess exercise
magnesium deficiency
salt overuse
27
Q

GERD s/sx

A 
regurgitation
belching
heartburn
bitter taste
gum problems
hoarseness
chest tightness
sore throat
asthma symptoms
throat lump
difficulty swallowing
28
Q

GERD complications

A

esophagitis
chronic inflammation
respiratory issues

29
Q

GERD dx is based on

A

symptoms

30
Q

when is additional testing for GERD done

A

pt does not respond to conventional therapy

31
Q

GERD lifestyle modifications

A 
stop smoking
decrease alcohol
lose weight
avoid triggers
stress management
avoid aggravating foods
elevate HOB when sleeping
**avoid sleeping in recliner
32
Q

GERD food triggers

A 
alcohol
chocolate
caffeine
fatty foods
peppermint
spearmint
coffee
acid
gas producers
33
Q

PPI end in

A

-prazole

34
Q

PPI action

A

decrease acid

35
Q

PPI side effects

A 
HA
abdominal pain
N/V
diarrhea
flatulence
36
Q

H2 receptor blockers end in

A

-tidine

37
Q

H2 receptor blockers action

A

decrease acid and pepsin

38
Q

H2 receptor blocker side effects

A

HA
abdominal pain
constipation
diarrhea

39
Q

examples of antacids and acid neutralizers

A 
Al hydroxide
Ca carbonate (Tums)
MagOx
Sodium Bicarb (Alka-Seltzer)
Al, Mg products
40
Q

antacid and acid neutralizer action

A

reduce acid

41
Q

side effects of antacid and acid neutralizers

A

various GI and electrolyte problems

42
Q

which patients should not be given magnesium

A

dialysis

43
Q

example of prokinetic agent

A

metoclopramide (reglan)

44
Q

action of prokinetic agents

A

increase GI motility

withs with neuromuscular system to increase peristalsis

45
Q

side effects of prokinetic agents

A

CNS (anxiety, hallucinations)

tremors, dyskinesias

46
Q

action of Sucralfate (carafate)

A

coats mucosa

forms a barrier to protect the esophagus

47
Q

action of bethanechol (urecholine)

A

improves competency of LES

improves gastric emptying

48
Q

action of misoprostol (cytotec)

A

prostaglandin that protects lining of the stomach by increase mucous production

49
Q

GERD education

A 
risk factor reduction
low fat diet
small, frequent meals
do not be supine 2-3 hours after meals
elevate HOB
med teaching
PPI before breakfast
H. Pylori meds at Rx
avoid triggers, irritants
weight reduction
psychosocial

N1115 - Trans. to Associates (21 decks)

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