Exam 4: Chapter 37 Urinary Elimination Flashcards
Urinary System contains
Kidneys and Ureters
Bladder
Urethra
What do the kidneys do?
Filter. In the Glomerulus
Factors Affecting Urination: Medications: What are Diuretics?
Commonly used in the treatment of hypertension and other disorders, prevent the reabsorption of water and certain electrolytes in the tubules.
Factors Affecting Urination: Medications: Urine Color while taking Anticoagulants
Pink or red color
Factors Affecting Urination: Medications: Urine Color while taking Diuretics
Pale Yellow
Factors Affecting Urination: Medications: Urine Color while taking Phenzaopyridine
Orange or Orange-Red Urine
Factors Affecting Urination: Medications: Urine Color while taking Antidepressent amitirptyline (Elavil)
Urine green or blue-green
Factors Affecting Urination: Medications: Urine Color while taking Levodopa
Brown or black urine
Developmental Considerations: Children
Toileting training 2-3 years old
What is Anuria?
24 Hour urine output less than 50 mL
What is Dysuria
Painful or difficult urination
What is Frequency
Increased incidence of voiding
What is Glycosuria
Presence of glucose in the urine
What is Nocturia
Awakening at night to urinate
What is Oliguria
24 hour urine output is less than 400 mL
What is Proteinuria
Protein in the urine
What is Pyuria
Pus in the urine
What is Urgency
Strong desire to void
What is Urinary Incontinence
Involuntary loss of urine
Effects of Medications on Urine Production and Elimination: Diuretics
Prevent reabsorption of water and certain electrolytes in tubules
Effects of Medications on Urine Production and Elimination: Cholinergic Medications
Stimulate contraction of detrusor muscle, producing urination
Effects of Medications on Urine Production and Elimination: Analgesics and TRanquilizers
Suppress CNS, Dimish Effectiveness of Neural Reflex
Using Nursing Process: Assessing
Assessing data about voiding patterns, habits, past history of problems
Using Nursing Process: Physical examination of
the bladder, if indicated, and urethral meatus; assessment of skin integrity and hydration, and examination of the urine
Using Nursing Process: Correlation
of these findings with results of procedures and diagnostic tests
Promoting Normal Urination: Maintaining
Normal Voiding Habits
Promoting Normal Urination: Promoting
Fluid Intake
Promoting Normal Urination: Strengthing
Muscle Tone, through Kegel Exercises. This is the common cause of incontinence
Promoting Normal Urination: Assisting
with toiletin g
Patients at Risk for UTIs: Sexually
active women
Patients at Risk for UTIs: Women
who use diaphragms for contraception
Patients at Risk for UTIs: Postmenopasual
women
Patients at Risk for UTIs: Individuals with
indwelling urinary catheter and with diabetes mellitus
What will help prevent UTIs?
Drink 10 oz of Cranberry juice daily
Reasons for Catheterization: Relieving
Urinary Retention
Reasons for Catheterization: Obtaining
A sterile urine specimen and when usual methods cannot be used
Reasons for Catheterization: Emptying
bladder before, during, or after surgery
Reasons for Catheterization: Monitoring
Critically ill patients
Reasons for Catheterization: Increasing
comfort for terminally ill patient
What is a type of Urinary Diversion?
Urine flow is surgicaly diverted.
Ileal Conduit -> Cutaneous Ueterostomy