Exam 4: Cahpter 40 Electroytes

Question 1

Functions of Water In The Body: Transporting nutrients to

Answer 1

cells and wastes from cells

Question 2

Functions of Water In The Body: Transporting hormones

Answer 2

enzymes, blood platelets, and red and white blood cells

Question 3

Functions of Water In The Body: Facilitating Cellular

Answer 3

metabolism and proper cellular chemical functioning

Question 4

Functions of Water In The Body: Acting as

Answer 4

a solvent for electrolytes and nonelectrolytes

Question 5

Functions of Water In The Body: Helping maintain

Answer 5

normal body temperature

Question 6

Functions of Water In The Body: Facilitating

Answer 6

digestion and promoting elimination

Question 7

Functions of Water In The Body: Acting as a tissue

Answer 7

lubricant

Question 8

What is ICF?

Answer 8

70% of Fluid located within cells

Question 9

What is ECF

Answer 9

30% of fluid outside of cells. This includes intravascular and interstitial fluidsc

Question 10

Variations in Fluid Content: Healthy person

Answer 10

Total body water is 50-60% of body weight

Question 11

Variations in Fluid Content: An infant has

Answer 11

considerably more body fluid and ECF than an adult; more prone to fluid volume deficits

Question 12

Variations in Fluid Content: Gender and amount of fat cells affect

Answer 12

body water; women and obese people have less body water

Question 13

Fluid Sources: Intake how much fluid daily?

Answer 13

Around 2600 mL

Question 14

What does fluid intake include

Answer 14

Ingested water, food, metabolic oxidation

Question 15

What is fluid outake broken down into?

Answer 15

Sensible and Insensible

Question 16

Fluid Sources: What does sensible mean?

Answer 16

Something that can be measured

Question 17

Fluid Sources: What does insensible mean?

Answer 17

Something that cannot be measured: Evaporation of sweat from skin

Question 18

Normal sodium range?

Answer 18

135-145

Question 19

What does Sodium control?

Answer 19

Controls and regulates volume of body fluids

Question 20

Sodium roles?

Answer 20

Role in muscle contraction and transmission of nerv impulses

Question 21

Sodium regulation?

Answer 21

Regulation of acid-base balance as sodium bicarbonate

Question 22

What is Potassium?

Answer 22

Chief regulator of cellular enzyme activity and water content

Question 23

Potassium range?

Answer 23

3.5-5.0

Question 24

Potassium controls

Answer 24

intracellular osmolality

Question 25

Potassium regulator o f

Answer 25

cellular enzyme activity

Question 26

Potassium role in

Answer 26

transmission of electrical impulses in nerve, skeletal, heart, intestinal, and lung tissue

Question 27

What is Calcium?

Answer 27

Nervce impulse, blood clotting, muscle contraction, B12 absorption

Question 28

Calcium range

Answer 28

4.5-5.1

Question 29

Calcium role?

Answer 29

ROle in blood coagulation and in transmission of nerve impulses

Question 30

Calcium helps

Answer 30

regulate muscle contraction and relaxation

Question 31

Calcium major component of

Answer 31

bones and teeth

Question 32

CAlcium comes form

Answer 32

Dairy

Question 33

What is Hypovolemia?

Answer 33

Fluid volume deficit, loss of water and solutes

Question 34

Signs of Hypovolemia?

Answer 34

Tenting, Poor skin turgor. Seen in older adults

Question 35

What is Hypervolemia?

Answer 35

Fluid volume excess, excessive retention of water and sodium

Question 36

Signs of Hypervolemia?

Answer 36

Any time of kidney adn heart disorder

Question 37

Nursing Assessment: Identify

Answer 37

Identify patient at risk for imbalances: Acute and Chronic Illness, Fluid Loss, Burns, Surgery

Question 38

Parameters of Assessment: Nursing

Answer 38

History and Physical Assessment

Question 39

Parameters of Assessment: Fluid

Answer 39

Intake and Output

Question 40

Parameters of Assessment: Daily

Answer 40

Weights

Question 41

Parameters of Assessment: Laboratory

Answer 41

Studies. This includes BUN and Creatinin

Question 42

Increased BUN means

Answer 42

impaired renal function, diabetic ketoacidosis, and burns

Question 43

Increased Creatinine means

Answer 43

impaired renal function, heart failure, shock, dehyration

Question 44

Nursing Diagnoses Related To Imbalances

Answer 44

Excess Fluid Volume Deficient Fluid Volume Risk for Deficient Fluid Volume

Question 45

Expected Outcomes: Maintain

Answer 45

approximate fluid intake and output balance (2500 mL intake and output over 3 days)

Question 46

Expected Outcomes: Maintain SpG to

Answer 46

normal range of 1.010 - 1.025

Question 47

Expected Outcomes:Practice

Answer 47

self-care behaviors to promote balance

Question 48

Implementing:

Answer 48

``` Dietary Modifications Modifcations of fluid intake Medication Administration IV Therapy Blood and Blood Products Replacement TPN ```