Exam 1 - Chapter 33

Question 1

What are the four types of bones?

Answer 1

Long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones

Question 2

What are the types of freely-moveable joints?

Answer 2

Hinge
Ball-And-Socket
Pivot
Saddle
Gliding
Condyloid

Question 3

Where do hinge joints occur

Answer 3

elbows, knees

Question 4

Where do Ball-And-Sock joints occur?

Answer 4

shoulders, hipsp

Question 5

Where do pivot joints occur?

Answer 5

Atlas-axis joint

Question 6

Where do saddle joints occur?

Answer 6

Carpometacarpal

Question 7

where do gliding joitns occur

Answer 7

wrist

Question 8

where do condyloid joints occur

Answer 8

knuckles

Question 9

Movement and example of fibrous joint

Answer 9

Immoveable and Sutures between bones of skull

Question 10

Movement and example of cartilagnous joint (spine)

Answer 10

Slightly moveable and joints between bodies of vertebrae

Question 11

movement and example of synovial joints

Answer 11

freely moveable and all the freely moveable joints

Question 12

Abduction

Answer 12

Lateral movement of a body part away from the midline of the body

Question 13

Adduction

Answer 13

Lateral movement of a body part toward the midline of the body

Question 14

Circumduction

Answer 14

Turning in a circular motion

Question 15

Flexion

Answer 15

The state of being bent

Question 16

Extension

Answer 16

The state of being in a straight line

Question 17

Hyperextension

Answer 17

The state of exaggerated extension

Question 18

Dorsiflexion

Answer 18

Backward bending of the hand or foot

Question 19

Plantar Flexion

Answer 19

Flexion of the foot

Question 20

Rotation

Answer 20

Turning on an axis

Question 21

Internal Rotation

Answer 21

A body part turning on its axis toward the mid line of the body

Question 22

External Rotation

Answer 22

A body part turniing on its axis away from the midline of the body

Question 23

Pronation

Answer 23

The assumption of the prone posiiton

Question 24

Supination

Answer 24

The assumption of the supine position ( A person lying on their back)

Question 25

Inversion

Answer 25

Movement of the sole of the foot inward

Question 26

Eversion

Answer 26

Movement of the sole of the foot outward

Question 27

Opposition

Answer 27

Rotation of the thumb around its long access

Question 28

Three types of muscles in muscular system?

Answer 28

Skeletal Cardiac Smooth

Question 29

Labyrinthine Sense

Answer 29

The sensory organs in the inner ear provide this sense of position, orientation, and movemenet

Question 30

Proprioceptor/Kinesthetic Sense

Answer 30

This informs the brain of the location of a limb or body part

Question 31

Visual or Optic Reflexes

Answer 31

Visual impressions contribute to posture by alerting the person to spatial relationships with the environment

Question 32

ERgonomics

Answer 32

The practice of designing equipment and work tasks to conform to the capability of the workers and provides a mean for adjusting the work environment and work practices to prevent injuries

Question 33

Patient Care Ergonomics

Answer 33

The practice of designing equipment and work tasks to conform to the capability of the worker in relation to patient care

Question 34

Orthopedics

Answer 34

Refers to the correction or prevention of disorders of body structures used in locomotion

Question 35

Tonus

Answer 35

The term used to describe the state of slight contraction, the ussual state of skeletal muscles. Happens when on bed rest

Question 36

Contractures

Answer 36

These are permanent contractions of the muscle

Question 37

Factors Influencing Mobility

Answer 37

``` Developmental Considerations Physical Health Mental Health Lifestyle Attitude and Values Fatigue and Stress External Factors ```

Question 38

Isotonic Exercise involves

Answer 38

muscle shortening and active movement (such as full range exercises)

Question 39

Isometric Exercise involves

Answer 39

muscle contraction without shorotening (holding a yoga pose)

Question 40

Isokinetic Exercise involves

Answer 40

muscle contractions with resistance (lifting weights)

Question 41

Effects of Immobility - Respiratory

Answer 41

A decrease in the depth and rate of respirations.

Question 42

what is atrophy??

Answer 42

decreased muscle size

Question 43

Physical Assessment for Mobility

Answer 43

General Ease of Movement and Gait Alignment Joint Structure and Function Muscle Mass, Tone, And Strength

Question 44

What is Paresis?

Answer 44

Imparied msucle strength or weakness

Question 45

What is Hemiparesis?

Answer 45

Weakness of one half of the body

Question 46

Steps you should take when seeing a patient?

Answer 46

Assessing Diagnosing Implementing

Question 47

What degree is the head kept at in Fowlers position?

Answer 47

At around 45 to 60 degrees

Question 48

What does Fowlers position promote?

Answer 48

Cardiac and respiratory functioning

Question 49

High Fowlers elevated to

Answer 49

90 degrees

Question 50

Semi-Fowlers elevated to

Answer 50

30 degrees

Question 51

In Supine, what part of the body gets pillows

Answer 51

Head and Shoulders

Question 52

Supine Lying is also known as what?

Answer 52

Dorsal Recumbent

Question 53

Difference between Side-Lying and Sims Position

Answer 53

Side-Lying has the entire body on its side, while the protective Sims has the chest on the bed

Question 54

Graduated compression stockings are often used for

Answer 54

patients at risk for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism and to hellp prevent phlebitis

Question 55

In active exercise...

Answer 55

The patient independently moves joints through their full range of motion

Question 56

In active-assistance exercise...

Answer 56

the nurse may provide minimal support

Question 57

In Passive exercise...

Answer 57

the patient is unable to move independely and the nurse moves each joint through its range of motion

Question 58

How much exercise should adults have a week?

Answer 58

Two and a half hours

Question 59

How much exercise should children and adolescents get?

Answer 59

60 minutes or more a day