Exam 3 Urinary and Cardio Flashcards
the urinary system has all of the following purposes except
regulates bile production
the functional unit of the kidney responsible for electrolyte balance is the
loop of Henle
which structure is a tuft of capillaries responsible for maintaining higher blood pressure to allow for filtration of fluids
glomerulus
what is the normal pH of blood
7.35-7.45
which of the following is not a congenital anomaly of the kidneys
glomerulonephritis
inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis caused by a pyogenic bacteria is referred to as
pyelonephritis
a kidney that lies on the same side as the normal kidney often fused with it
crossed ectopia
a destructive process involving medullary papillae and renal pyramids
papillary necrosis
disorder occuring most often in women and is often caused by cross contamination of fecal matter
cystitis
imaging modality best used to visualize renal cysts
ultrasound
coronal CT image displaying darker and inflamed right kidney
polynephritis
inherited renal disorder in which multiple cysts cause lobulated enlargement of kidneys are renal impairment caused by cystic compression of nephrons
polycystic disease
what type of cancer is Wilm’s Tumor
nephroblastoma
bladder cancer occurs in which population more often
males over 50
acute renal failure is often caused by which condition
glomerulonephritis
in emergency situations epinephrine is released and increases heart rate by increasing contractions and in order to slow the heart what is released?
acetylocholine
which valve lies between the right and left atria and ventricles
atrioventricular
the relaxation of the heart muscle is measured by
diastolic pressure
the narrowing of the coronary arteries causing oxygen deprivation of the myocardium and ischemic heart disease is referred to as
coronary artery disease
condition depicted by the bat wing or butterfly sign
pulmonary edema
constriction of the descending aorta (looks like its tied in a knot)
aortic aneurysm
condition common in diabetic patients and results from plaque buildup in intima and progressively narrows the lumen of a vessel
artherosclerosis
a rapid increase in blood pressure leading to renal failure
malignant hypertension
a localized dilation of an artery
aneurysm
condition that is the result of a vessel extending form the bifurcation of the right pulmonary artery to join the aorta just distal to the subclavian artery and usually occurs before birth
patent ductus arteriosis
cardiovascular condition consisting of a high ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, overriding of the aortic orifice above the ventricular defect and a right ventricular hypertrophy
tetraology of Fallot
rib notching is a sign of which condition
coarctation of the aorta
dilated, elongated, tortuous vessels commonly involving superficial veins of the leg
varicose veins
development of nodules or vegetations forming on heart valves filled with bacteria and tend to break apart easily to enter the bloodstream causing septic emboli travelling to the brain kidneys and small arteries
infective endocarditis
potentially fatal emboli caused by trauma, infection, prolonged bed rest, or oral contraceptives
deep vein thrombosis
regurgitation of blood into right atrium causing overfilling and dilation is usually caused by
mitral insufficiency
autoimmune response to antibodies produced as a result of repeated exposure to streptococcal infection causing mitral valve damage
rheumatic heart disease
condition characterized by cardiomegaly and an enlarged pulmonary trunk caused by increased vascular resistance within pulmonary arteries
Eisenmenger’s syndrome
generalized tortuosity and elongation of ascending aorta
hypertensive heart disease
plaque builds up in intima and progressively narrows the lumen of a vessel
artherosclerosis
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the extravascular pulmonary tissue
pulmonary edema
inability of the heart to propel blood at a sufficient rate and volume to provide adequate supply, tissue necrosis
congestive heart disease
communication between ventricles causing increased pulmonary blood flow leading to enlargement of left atrium and ventricle
ventricular septal defect
narrowing or constriction of the aorta beyond the branching of the blood vessels to the head and arms
coarctation of the aorta
