Exam 3 Urinary and Cardio

Question 1

the urinary system has all of the following purposes except

Answer 1

regulates bile production

Question 2

the functional unit of the kidney responsible for electrolyte balance is the

Answer 2

loop of Henle

Question 3

which structure is a tuft of capillaries responsible for maintaining higher blood pressure to allow for filtration of fluids

Answer 3

glomerulus

Question 4

what is the normal pH of blood

Answer 4

7.35-7.45

Question 5

which of the following is not a congenital anomaly of the kidneys

Answer 5

glomerulonephritis

Question 6

inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis caused by a pyogenic bacteria is referred to as

Answer 6

pyelonephritis

Question 7

a kidney that lies on the same side as the normal kidney often fused with it

Answer 7

crossed ectopia

Question 8

a destructive process involving medullary papillae and renal pyramids

Answer 8

papillary necrosis

Question 9

disorder occuring most often in women and is often caused by cross contamination of fecal matter

Answer 9

cystitis

Question 10

imaging modality best used to visualize renal cysts

Answer 10

ultrasound

Question 11

coronal CT image displaying darker and inflamed right kidney

Answer 11

polynephritis

Question 12

inherited renal disorder in which multiple cysts cause lobulated enlargement of kidneys are renal impairment caused by cystic compression of nephrons

Answer 12

polycystic disease

Question 13

what type of cancer is Wilm’s Tumor

Answer 13

nephroblastoma

Question 14

bladder cancer occurs in which population more often

Answer 14

males over 50

Question 15

acute renal failure is often caused by which condition

Answer 15

glomerulonephritis

Question 16

in emergency situations epinephrine is released and increases heart rate by increasing contractions and in order to slow the heart what is released?

Answer 16

acetylocholine

Question 17

which valve lies between the right and left atria and ventricles

Answer 17

atrioventricular

Question 18

the relaxation of the heart muscle is measured by

Answer 18

diastolic pressure

Question 19

the narrowing of the coronary arteries causing oxygen deprivation of the myocardium and ischemic heart disease is referred to as

Answer 19

coronary artery disease

Question 20

condition depicted by the bat wing or butterfly sign

Answer 20

pulmonary edema

Question 21

constriction of the descending aorta (looks like its tied in a knot)

Answer 21

aortic aneurysm

Question 22

condition common in diabetic patients and results from plaque buildup in intima and progressively narrows the lumen of a vessel

Answer 22

artherosclerosis

Question 23

a rapid increase in blood pressure leading to renal failure

Answer 23

malignant hypertension

Question 24

a localized dilation of an artery

Answer 24

aneurysm

Question 25

condition that is the result of a vessel extending form the bifurcation of the right pulmonary artery to join the aorta just distal to the subclavian artery and usually occurs before birth

Answer 25

patent ductus arteriosis

Question 26

cardiovascular condition consisting of a high ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, overriding of the aortic orifice above the ventricular defect and a right ventricular hypertrophy

Answer 26

tetraology of Fallot

Question 27

rib notching is a sign of which condition

Answer 27

coarctation of the aorta

Question 28

dilated, elongated, tortuous vessels commonly involving superficial veins of the leg

Answer 28

varicose veins

Question 29

development of nodules or vegetations forming on heart valves filled with bacteria and tend to break apart easily to enter the bloodstream causing septic emboli travelling to the brain kidneys and small arteries

Answer 29

infective endocarditis

Question 30

potentially fatal emboli caused by trauma, infection, prolonged bed rest, or oral contraceptives

Answer 30

deep vein thrombosis

Question 31

regurgitation of blood into right atrium causing overfilling and dilation is usually caused by

Answer 31

mitral insufficiency

Question 32

autoimmune response to antibodies produced as a result of repeated exposure to streptococcal infection causing mitral valve damage

Answer 32

rheumatic heart disease

Question 33

condition characterized by cardiomegaly and an enlarged pulmonary trunk caused by increased vascular resistance within pulmonary arteries

Answer 33

Eisenmenger’s syndrome

Question 34

generalized tortuosity and elongation of ascending aorta

Answer 34

hypertensive heart disease

Question 35

plaque builds up in intima and progressively narrows the lumen of a vessel

Answer 35

artherosclerosis

Question 36

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the extravascular pulmonary tissue

Answer 36

pulmonary edema

Question 37

inability of the heart to propel blood at a sufficient rate and volume to provide adequate supply, tissue necrosis

Answer 37

congestive heart disease

Question 38

communication between ventricles causing increased pulmonary blood flow leading to enlargement of left atrium and ventricle

Answer 38

ventricular septal defect

Question 39

narrowing or constriction of the aorta beyond the branching of the blood vessels to the head and arms

Answer 39

coarctation of the aorta