Exam 1 Disease and Respiratory Review

Question 1

reduction in the size or number of cells in an organ results in

Answer 1

atrophy

Question 2

assessing the extensiveness or degree of metastasis is referred to as

Answer 2

staging

Question 3

accumulation of abnormal amounts of fluid in the intercellular tissue spaces or body cavities, such as the peritoneal cavity is referred to as

Answer 3

ascites

Question 4

the interference of the blood supply to an organ or part of an organ depriving cells and tissue of oxygen and nutrients as a result of artherosclerosis is

Answer 4

ischemia

Question 5

a malignant abnormal proliferation of cells is referred to as

Answer 5

neoplasm

Question 6

a malignant neoplasm originating from epithelial cells is

Answer 6

carcinoma

Question 7

disease transmitted to both males and females: when one affected person half the offspring will have the disease is classified as

Answer 7

autosomal dominant disease

Question 8

pathology resulting form harmful quantities of a fatty acids derivative called ganglioside accumulate in the nerve cells of the brain causing of mental and physical abilities

Answer 8

tay sachs disease

Question 9

Erroneous metabolism characterized by the accumulation of abnormal quantities of complex lipids in the reticuloendothelial cells of the spleen, liver and bone marrow and demonstrated on a radiographic image as aseptic necrosis of femoral heads is

Answer 9

gauchers disease

Question 10

Generalized disorder of connective tissue characterized by multiple fractures and an unusual blue color of the sclera (white) of the eye is

Answer 10

osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 11

immunological responses is when the antigen is a component of cell or is attached to the wall of red blood cells, WBCs, platelets or endothelial cells

Answer 11

type 2 cytoxic

Question 12

Profound and sustained impairment of cellular immunity resulting in recurrent or sequential opportunistic infections is characteristic o

Answer 12

AIDS

Question 13

infected fluid in the pleural cavity

Answer 13

Empyema

Question 14

which area of the brain controls respiration

Answer 14

medulla

Question 15

sharply circumscribed encapsulation of the tuberculosis bacilli is known as

Answer 15

tuberculoma

Question 16

general term used to describe obstruction of the airways leading to an ineffective exchange of respiratory gases

Answer 16

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Question 17

respiratory pathoilogy often associated with “angel wing” sign caused by air leading out of the lung into mediastinum

Answer 17

mediastinal emphysema

Question 18

pathology demonstrating a large area filled “bullae” with air and lacking lung markings and air/fluid levels

Answer 18

empysema

Question 19

tumor having a well circuscribed border without spiculation (spikes) is likely to be

Answer 19

benign

Question 20

condition of diminished air within the lung associated with reduced lung volume is

Answer 20

atelectasis

Question 21

thrombi that develop in the deep venous system of the lower extremity and are trapped in the lung circulation

Answer 21

pulmonary emboli

Question 22

hereditary disease process characterized by the excretion of viscous mucus blocking the air passages is

Answer 22

cystic fibrosis

Question 23

thin walled sac where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged with the blood in the pulmonary circulatory system

Answer 23

alveolus

Question 24

hallmark sign of pulmonary overinflation in cases of emphysema is

Answer 24

flattened diaphragm

Question 25

minimal hemorrhages under the skin

Answer 25

petechiae

Question 26

slightly larger blood leakage under the skin

Answer 26

purpura

Question 27

internal hemorrhage under the skin

Answer 27

hematoma

Question 28

accumulation of blood in a body cavity

Answer 28

hemathorax

Question 29

a permanent abnormal dilation of one or more bronchi as a result of a destruction of the elastic and muscular components of the bronchial wall

Answer 29

bronchiectasis

Question 30

pulmonary metastasis in the lung is commonly characterized by which of the following radiographic signs

Answer 30

cannon ball lesions

Question 31

emphysema caused by blunt force trauma

Answer 31

mediastinal emphysema

Question 32

non-specific accumulation of fluid in the pleural space

Answer 32

pleural effusion

Question 33

The presence of infected liquid or pus in the pleural space (rare) usually the result of infection from bacterial pneumonia, abscess, esophageal perforation or after trauma or surgery is

Answer 33

empyema

Question 34

In the event a possible pleural effusion or pneumothorax is suspected, the radiographer should perform which of the following chest positions?

Answer 34

lateral decub