Exam 1 Disease and Respiratory Review Flashcards
reduction in the size or number of cells in an organ results in
atrophy
assessing the extensiveness or degree of metastasis is referred to as
staging
accumulation of abnormal amounts of fluid in the intercellular tissue spaces or body cavities, such as the peritoneal cavity is referred to as
ascites
the interference of the blood supply to an organ or part of an organ depriving cells and tissue of oxygen and nutrients as a result of artherosclerosis is
ischemia
a malignant abnormal proliferation of cells is referred to as
neoplasm
a malignant neoplasm originating from epithelial cells is
carcinoma
disease transmitted to both males and females: when one affected person half the offspring will have the disease is classified as
autosomal dominant disease
pathology resulting form harmful quantities of a fatty acids derivative called ganglioside accumulate in the nerve cells of the brain causing of mental and physical abilities
tay sachs disease
Erroneous metabolism characterized by the accumulation of abnormal quantities of complex lipids in the reticuloendothelial cells of the spleen, liver and bone marrow and demonstrated on a radiographic image as aseptic necrosis of femoral heads is
gauchers disease
Generalized disorder of connective tissue characterized by multiple fractures and an unusual blue color of the sclera (white) of the eye is
osteogenesis imperfecta
immunological responses is when the antigen is a component of cell or is attached to the wall of red blood cells, WBCs, platelets or endothelial cells
type 2 cytoxic
Profound and sustained impairment of cellular immunity resulting in recurrent or sequential opportunistic infections is characteristic o
AIDS
infected fluid in the pleural cavity
Empyema
which area of the brain controls respiration
medulla
sharply circumscribed encapsulation of the tuberculosis bacilli is known as
tuberculoma
general term used to describe obstruction of the airways leading to an ineffective exchange of respiratory gases
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
respiratory pathoilogy often associated with “angel wing” sign caused by air leading out of the lung into mediastinum
mediastinal emphysema
pathology demonstrating a large area filled “bullae” with air and lacking lung markings and air/fluid levels
empysema
tumor having a well circuscribed border without spiculation (spikes) is likely to be
benign
condition of diminished air within the lung associated with reduced lung volume is
atelectasis
thrombi that develop in the deep venous system of the lower extremity and are trapped in the lung circulation
pulmonary emboli
hereditary disease process characterized by the excretion of viscous mucus blocking the air passages is
cystic fibrosis
thin walled sac where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged with the blood in the pulmonary circulatory system
alveolus
hallmark sign of pulmonary overinflation in cases of emphysema is
flattened diaphragm
minimal hemorrhages under the skin
petechiae
slightly larger blood leakage under the skin
purpura
internal hemorrhage under the skin
hematoma
accumulation of blood in a body cavity
hemathorax
a permanent abnormal dilation of one or more bronchi as a result of a destruction of the elastic and muscular components of the bronchial wall
bronchiectasis
pulmonary metastasis in the lung is commonly characterized by which of the following radiographic signs
cannon ball lesions
emphysema caused by blunt force trauma
mediastinal emphysema
non-specific accumulation of fluid in the pleural space
pleural effusion
The presence of infected liquid or pus in the pleural space (rare) usually the result of infection from bacterial pneumonia, abscess, esophageal perforation or after trauma or surgery is
empyema
In the event a possible pleural effusion or pneumothorax is suspected, the radiographer should perform which of the following chest positions?
lateral decub
