Exam 2 Skeletal, GI, Hepatobiliary Flashcards

1
Q

which part of a bone contains a network of blood vessels transporting nutrients to inner structure

A

peristoneum

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2
Q

what type of bone is a spongy web-like arrangement of marrow filled spaces separated by thin processes

A

cancellous

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3
Q

condition characterized by a posterior defect of the lumbar spine resulting in failure of the posterior elements to fuse properly during development often allowing the spinal cord to protrude outside the body

A

spina bifida

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4
Q

a rare bone dysplasia resulting from a failure of resorption mechanism of calcified cartilage and often called marble bone

A

osteopetrosis

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5
Q

congenital disorder that makes the bones very susceptible to fracture as a result of severe osteoporosis

A

osteogenesis imperfecta

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6
Q

posterior scalloping of vertebral bodies is a common radiographic sign of

A

achondroplasia vertebrae

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7
Q

generalized or localized deficiency of bone matrix decreasing bone mass per unit volume usually caused by accelerated resorption of bone

A

osteoporosis

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8
Q

most common cause of osteomalacia

A

vitamin D dificiency

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9
Q

condition resulting of vitamin defiviency or lack of sunlight

A

rickets

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10
Q

another name for osteitis deformans, a destruction of bone followed by a reparative process resulting in weakened, deformed and thickened bony structures

A

Pagets disease

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11
Q

“swiss cheese” is a tell tale sign of which condition

A

osteoporosis

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12
Q

benign projection of bone with a cartilaginous cap that arises in childhood teen / years and most often at the knee joint

A

osteochondroma

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13
Q

The Codman’s Triangle is a common tell tale sign for which condition

A

osteogenic sarcoma

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14
Q

common tumor that arises from bone marrow in children and young adults

A

ewings sarcoma

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15
Q

form of rheumatoid arthritis that begins in the SI joints causing bilateral and symmetric involvement and moves upward to blur articular margins narrowing joint spaces and fusing the spine

A

ankylosing spondylosis

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16
Q

arthritic changes resulting in “pencil - like” projections of affected phalanges

A

psoriatic arthritis

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17
Q

how to change technical factors for osteoarthritis

A

increase mAs

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18
Q

deposits of calcifications in adjacent tendons near the shoulder causing pain and loss of movement

A

bursitis

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19
Q

condition characterized by inflammation of the bone and bone marrow caused by an infectious organism such as staphylococci and streptococci introduced during surgery or trauma

A

osteomyelitis

20
Q

a bone fracture that separates into two or more fragments

21
Q

non-separated fracture of elbow

A

greenstick fracture

22
Q

fracture of distal fibula

A

potts fracture

23
Q

malleoli with dislocation of the ankle joint (side of injury is a transverse fracture and opposing side is a spiral fracture)

A

Potts fracture

24
Q

fracture of the C spine

A

hangmans fracture

25
fracture where a tendon pulls of a piece of bone
avulsion fracture
26
fracture where the distal humerus is removed from the joint of the elbow
dislocation
27
fracture shaped like a triangle
butterfly fracture
28
long bone fracture appears dark in the middle
pathological fracture
29
fracture mid tibia at an angle
transverse fracture
30
wrist fracture of distal radius and ulna
colles fracture
31
chronic destruction of liver cells and structure with nodular regeneration of liver parenchyma and fibrosis causing jaundice often as a result of alcoholism
cirrhosis
32
diffuse finely granular calcifications throughout the liver
hepaticmetastisis
33
loculated (fluid filled) collections arising from inflammation, necrosis, hemorrhage associated with acute pancreatitis or trauma
pancreatic pseudocysts
34
vericose veins of the lower colon and rectum causing pain, itching, and bleeding,
hemorrhoids
35
twisting of the bowel on itself often leading to an obstruction frequently involves transverse colon, cecum, or sigmoid
volvulus
36
a crescent over the right diaphragm is often a sign of
pneumoperitoneum
37
the apple core is an indication of
colon cancer
38
a cobblestone appearance in the colon is a sign of
Chron's disease
39
outpouching of mucosal and submucosal lining through weak points of muscular layer of the bowel wall
diverticulum
40
when a perforated bowel or appendix is suspected the RT should consider using
water soluble contrast
41
how long after a bowel becomes obstructed can you see distended loops of a bowel
3-5 hours
42
chronic inflammation disease that involves the terminal end of the ileum
chrons disease
43
defective absorption of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats from the small bowel
malabsorption
44
telescoping of one part of the intestine into another because of peristalsis
intussecption
45
obstruction of distal esophagus
achalasia
46
alterations in intestinal motility
IBS
47
when radiographing an abdomen for suspected free air, the RT should make sure to perform an erectprojection on expiration
true