Exam 2 Skeletal, GI, Hepatobiliary

Question 1

which part of a bone contains a network of blood vessels transporting nutrients to inner structure

Answer 1

peristoneum

Question 2

what type of bone is a spongy web-like arrangement of marrow filled spaces separated by thin processes

Answer 2

cancellous

Question 3

condition characterized by a posterior defect of the lumbar spine resulting in failure of the posterior elements to fuse properly during development often allowing the spinal cord to protrude outside the body

Answer 3

spina bifida

Question 4

a rare bone dysplasia resulting from a failure of resorption mechanism of calcified cartilage and often called marble bone

Answer 4

osteopetrosis

Question 5

congenital disorder that makes the bones very susceptible to fracture as a result of severe osteoporosis

Answer 5

osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 6

posterior scalloping of vertebral bodies is a common radiographic sign of

Answer 6

achondroplasia vertebrae

Question 7

generalized or localized deficiency of bone matrix decreasing bone mass per unit volume usually caused by accelerated resorption of bone

Answer 7

osteoporosis

Question 8

most common cause of osteomalacia

Answer 8

vitamin D dificiency

Question 9

condition resulting of vitamin defiviency or lack of sunlight

Answer 9

rickets

Question 10

another name for osteitis deformans, a destruction of bone followed by a reparative process resulting in weakened, deformed and thickened bony structures

Answer 10

Pagets disease

Question 11

“swiss cheese” is a tell tale sign of which condition

Answer 11

osteoporosis

Question 12

benign projection of bone with a cartilaginous cap that arises in childhood teen / years and most often at the knee joint

Answer 12

osteochondroma

Question 13

The Codman’s Triangle is a common tell tale sign for which condition

Answer 13

osteogenic sarcoma

Question 14

common tumor that arises from bone marrow in children and young adults

Answer 14

ewings sarcoma

Question 15

form of rheumatoid arthritis that begins in the SI joints causing bilateral and symmetric involvement and moves upward to blur articular margins narrowing joint spaces and fusing the spine

Answer 15

ankylosing spondylosis

Question 16

arthritic changes resulting in “pencil - like” projections of affected phalanges

Answer 16

psoriatic arthritis

Question 17

how to change technical factors for osteoarthritis

Answer 17

increase mAs

Question 18

deposits of calcifications in adjacent tendons near the shoulder causing pain and loss of movement

Answer 18

bursitis

Question 19

condition characterized by inflammation of the bone and bone marrow caused by an infectious organism such as staphylococci and streptococci introduced during surgery or trauma

Answer 19

osteomyelitis

Question 20

a bone fracture that separates into two or more fragments

Answer 20

complete

Question 21

non-separated fracture of elbow

Answer 21

greenstick fracture

Question 22

fracture of distal fibula

Answer 22

potts fracture

Question 23

malleoli with dislocation of the ankle joint (side of injury is a transverse fracture and opposing side is a spiral fracture)

Answer 23

Potts fracture

Question 24

fracture of the C spine

Answer 24

hangmans fracture

Question 25

fracture where a tendon pulls of a piece of bone

Answer 25

avulsion fracture

Question 26

fracture where the distal humerus is removed from the joint of the elbow

Answer 26

dislocation

Question 27

fracture shaped like a triangle

Answer 27

butterfly fracture

Question 28

long bone fracture appears dark in the middle

Answer 28

pathological fracture

Question 29

fracture mid tibia at an angle

Answer 29

transverse fracture

Question 30

wrist fracture of distal radius and ulna

Answer 30

colles fracture

Question 31

chronic destruction of liver cells and structure with nodular regeneration of liver parenchyma and fibrosis causing jaundice often as a result of alcoholism

Answer 31

cirrhosis

Question 32

diffuse finely granular calcifications throughout the liver

Answer 32

hepaticmetastisis

Question 33

loculated (fluid filled) collections arising from inflammation, necrosis, hemorrhage associated with acute pancreatitis or trauma

Answer 33

pancreatic pseudocysts

Question 34

vericose veins of the lower colon and rectum causing pain, itching, and bleeding,

Answer 34

hemorrhoids

Question 35

twisting of the bowel on itself often leading to an obstruction frequently involves transverse colon, cecum, or sigmoid

Answer 35

volvulus

Question 36

a crescent over the right diaphragm is often a sign of

Answer 36

pneumoperitoneum

Question 37

the apple core is an indication of

Answer 37

colon cancer

Question 38

a cobblestone appearance in the colon is a sign of

Answer 38

Chron’s disease

Question 39

outpouching of mucosal and submucosal lining through weak points of muscular layer of the bowel wall

Answer 39

diverticulum

Question 40

when a perforated bowel or appendix is suspected the RT should consider using

Answer 40

water soluble contrast

Question 41

how long after a bowel becomes obstructed can you see distended loops of a bowel

Answer 41

3-5 hours

Question 42

chronic inflammation disease that involves the terminal end of the ileum

Answer 42

chrons disease

Question 43

defective absorption of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats from the small bowel

Answer 43

malabsorption

Question 44

telescoping of one part of the intestine into another because of peristalsis

Answer 44

intussecption

Question 45

obstruction of distal esophagus

Answer 45

achalasia

Question 46

alterations in intestinal motility

Answer 46

IBS

Question 47

when radiographing an abdomen for suspected free air, the RT should make sure to perform an erectprojection on expiration

Answer 47

true