Exam 3; SE and Treatments Flashcards
SE: agranulocytosis
ticlopidine (ADP receptor blocker)
SE: anorexia
quinidine (Na+ channel blocker)
SE: anti-DUMBBELS (anti-muscarinic)
disopyramide (Na+ channel blocker)
SE: anti-vagal effects (2)
quinidine, disopyramide (Na+ channel blockers)
SE: asthma
“olol”s (Class II beta blockers)
SE: bradycardia
“olol”s (Class II beta blockers)
SE: bleeding/hemorrhage (3)
heparin (activates antithrombin)
warfarin (inhibits enzyme)
dabigatran (inhibits thrombin)
SE: bleeding after spinal tap/surgery
rivaroxaban, apixaban (inhibits factor Xa)
SE: intra-cranial bleeding
vorapaxar (thrombin receptor blocker)
SE: prolong bleeding time
thrombolytic agents (convert plasminogen --> plasmin) ie streptokinase, urokinase, TPA
SE: toxic effects on conductive tissues
digoxin (inhibits Na-K-ATPase)
SE: optic neuritic
amidorone (K+ channel blocker)
SE: cutaneous flusing
niacin (inhibits enzyme, may bind a receptor –> block VLDL synthesis)
SE: skin flushing
nitrates (activate guanylate cyclase enzyme)
SE: diabetes
niacin (inhibits enzyme, may bind a receptor –> block VLDL synthesis)
SE: inc uric acid –> gout
niacin (inhibits enzyme, may bind a receptor –> block VLDL synthesis)
SE: hallucinations
digoxin (inhibits Na-K-ATPase)
SE: HIT (loss of platelets)
heparin (activates antithrombin)
SE: hypotension (2)
GTN (activate guanylate cyclase enzyme)
“olol”s (CLass II beta blockers)
SE: itching
niacin (inhibits enzyme, may bind a receptor –> block VLDL synthesis)
SE: iodine deposits
amidorone (K+ channel blocker)
SE: liver damage (3)
amiodarone (K+ channel blocker - all four)
“statin”s (inhibit HMG-CoA reductase enzyme)
lomitapide (inhibits assembly of VLDL –> hepatotoxicity)
SE: lupus-like syndrome
procainamide (Na+ channel blockers)
SE: myocardial infarction
“afils” (inhibit Type 5 cGMP phosphodiesterase enzyme)
SE: myositis –> rhabomyolsis
“statin”s (inhibit HMG-CoA reductase enzyme)
SE: severe nausea
digoxin (inhibits Na-K-ATPase)
SE: neural tube defects
folic acid deficiency during pregnancy
SE: neural damage (weakness, ataxia, spasticity, irreversible SC damage)
lack of methionine (due to vit B12 deficiency)
SE: neutropenia
ticlopidine (ADP receptor blocker)
SE: osteoporosis
herparin (activates anti-thrombin)
SE: pulmonary fibrosis
amiodarone (K+ channel blocker - all four)
SE: excess RBC (–> inc BP, clotting, MI, stroke)
drugs to treat chronic renal failure/chemotherapy (epoietin alfa, darbepoietin, peginesatide)
SE: retina damage (NAOIN)
“afil”s (inhibit Type 5 cGMP phosphodiesterase enzyme)
SE: severe joint pain
sickle cell anemia (treat with hydroxyurea)
SE: spinal hematoma (2)
enoxaparin, dalteparin (low MW heparins - more effect on Xa than thrombin)
SE: affects stools (3)
ezetimibe (blocks cholesterol absp from gut)
orlistat (inhibits GI + pancreatic lipase enzyme)
olestra (body cannot absorb oil)
SE: stroke (2)
“afil”s (inhibit Type 5 cGMP phosphodiesterase enzyme)
drugs to treat chronic renal failure/chemotherapy (epoietin alfa, darbepoietin, peginesatide)
SE: thrombocytopenia (2)
heparin (activates anti-thrombin)
abciximba, tirofiban, eptifibatide (fibrinogen receptor blockers)
SE: tinnitus
quinidine (Na+ channel blocker)
SE: tremors, seizures
lidocaine (Na+ channel blocker)
SE: altered color
quinidine (Na+ channel blocker)
SE: blue/green coloration
amiodarone (K+ channel blocker - all four)
SE: green/yellow tint
digoxin (inhibits Na-K-ATPase)
SE: impaired blue/green color discriminiation
“afil”s (inhibit Type 5 cGMP phosphodiesterase enzyme)
SE: disrupt warfarin plasma binding sites
fibrates (bind PPAR - activating receptor)
ie gemfibrozil, fenofibrate
Treats: cardiac arrest
amiodarone (K+ channel blocker - all four)
Treats: used during coronary operation to decrease white thrombi
abciximba, tirofiban, eptifibatide (fibrinogen receptor blockers) in combo with heparin
Treats: heart attack
thrombolytic agents (convert plasminogen --> plasmin) ie streptokinase, urokinase, TPA
Treats: heavy menstruation
hemostatic agents (inhibits plasminogen) ie aminocaproic acid, transexamic acid
Treats: hemophelia
hemostatic agents (inhibits plasminogen) ie aminocaproic acid, transexamic acid
Use these drugs in place of heparin if HIT develops
hirudin (inhibits thrombin enzyme)
bivalirudin, desirudin, agratroban
Treats: pulmonary hypertension
“afil”s (inhibit Type 5 cGMP phosphodiesterase enzyme)
Treats: atrial tachycardia
adenosine (binds adenosine receptor –> dec AV firing node rate)
Treats: ventricular tachycardia
lidocaine (Na+ channel blocker)
Treats: micocytic anemia
iron (FeSO4), iron dextran
Treats: macrocytic anemia
folic acid
Treats: pernicious anemia
B12 injection
Treats: anemia due to chronic renal failure/chemotherapy
epoietin alfa, darbepoietin, peginesatide
Treats: sickle cell anemia
hydroxyurea
1st pass metabolism
lidocaine, GTN
enhance effects in hypokalemia
digoxin
P450
“afil”s
warfarin
“statin”s
can cross placenta
fondaparinux
warfarin (FDA Cat X)
hydroxyurea (FDA Cat D)
“statin”s (FDA Cat X)
SE: dec absorption of fat soluble vitamins
cholestyramine, coleselevam, colestipol (bile acid binding proteins)
