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AU14 Pharmacology > Exam 3; SE and Treatments > Flashcards

Exam 3; SE and Treatments Flashcards

1
Q

SE: agranulocytosis

A

ticlopidine (ADP receptor blocker)

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2
Q

SE: anorexia

A

quinidine (Na+ channel blocker)

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3
Q

SE: anti-DUMBBELS (anti-muscarinic)

A

disopyramide (Na+ channel blocker)

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4
Q

SE: anti-vagal effects (2)

A

quinidine, disopyramide (Na+ channel blockers)

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5
Q

SE: asthma

A

“olol”s (Class II beta blockers)

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6
Q

SE: bradycardia

A

“olol”s (Class II beta blockers)

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7
Q

SE: bleeding/hemorrhage (3)

A

heparin (activates antithrombin)
warfarin (inhibits enzyme)
dabigatran (inhibits thrombin)

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8
Q

SE: bleeding after spinal tap/surgery

A

rivaroxaban, apixaban (inhibits factor Xa)

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9
Q

SE: intra-cranial bleeding

A

vorapaxar (thrombin receptor blocker)

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10
Q

SE: prolong bleeding time

A 
thrombolytic agents (convert plasminogen --> plasmin)
ie streptokinase, urokinase, TPA
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11
Q

SE: toxic effects on conductive tissues

A

digoxin (inhibits Na-K-ATPase)

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12
Q

SE: optic neuritic

A

amidorone (K+ channel blocker)

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13
Q

SE: cutaneous flusing

A

niacin (inhibits enzyme, may bind a receptor –> block VLDL synthesis)

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14
Q

SE: skin flushing

A

nitrates (activate guanylate cyclase enzyme)

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15
Q

SE: diabetes

A

niacin (inhibits enzyme, may bind a receptor –> block VLDL synthesis)

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16
Q

SE: inc uric acid –> gout

A

niacin (inhibits enzyme, may bind a receptor –> block VLDL synthesis)

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17
Q

SE: hallucinations

A

digoxin (inhibits Na-K-ATPase)

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18
Q

SE: HIT (loss of platelets)

A

heparin (activates antithrombin)

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19
Q

SE: hypotension (2)

A

GTN (activate guanylate cyclase enzyme)

“olol”s (CLass II beta blockers)

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20
Q

SE: itching

A

niacin (inhibits enzyme, may bind a receptor –> block VLDL synthesis)

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21
Q

SE: iodine deposits

A

amidorone (K+ channel blocker)

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22
Q

SE: liver damage (3)

A

amiodarone (K+ channel blocker - all four)
“statin”s (inhibit HMG-CoA reductase enzyme)
lomitapide (inhibits assembly of VLDL –> hepatotoxicity)

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23
Q

SE: lupus-like syndrome

A

procainamide (Na+ channel blockers)

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24
Q

SE: myocardial infarction

A

“afils” (inhibit Type 5 cGMP phosphodiesterase enzyme)

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25
Q

SE: myositis –> rhabomyolsis

A

“statin”s (inhibit HMG-CoA reductase enzyme)

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26
Q

SE: severe nausea

A

digoxin (inhibits Na-K-ATPase)

27
Q

SE: neural tube defects

A

folic acid deficiency during pregnancy

28
Q

SE: neural damage (weakness, ataxia, spasticity, irreversible SC damage)

A

lack of methionine (due to vit B12 deficiency)

29
Q

SE: neutropenia

A

ticlopidine (ADP receptor blocker)

30
Q

SE: osteoporosis

A

herparin (activates anti-thrombin)

31
Q

SE: pulmonary fibrosis

A

amiodarone (K+ channel blocker - all four)

32
Q

SE: excess RBC (–> inc BP, clotting, MI, stroke)

A

drugs to treat chronic renal failure/chemotherapy (epoietin alfa, darbepoietin, peginesatide)

33
Q

SE: retina damage (NAOIN)

A

“afil”s (inhibit Type 5 cGMP phosphodiesterase enzyme)

34
Q

SE: severe joint pain

A

sickle cell anemia (treat with hydroxyurea)

35
Q

SE: spinal hematoma (2)

A

enoxaparin, dalteparin (low MW heparins - more effect on Xa than thrombin)

36
Q

SE: affects stools (3)

A

ezetimibe (blocks cholesterol absp from gut)
orlistat (inhibits GI + pancreatic lipase enzyme)
olestra (body cannot absorb oil)

37
Q

SE: stroke (2)

A

“afil”s (inhibit Type 5 cGMP phosphodiesterase enzyme)

drugs to treat chronic renal failure/chemotherapy (epoietin alfa, darbepoietin, peginesatide)

38
Q

SE: thrombocytopenia (2)

A

heparin (activates anti-thrombin)

abciximba, tirofiban, eptifibatide (fibrinogen receptor blockers)

39
Q

SE: tinnitus

A

quinidine (Na+ channel blocker)

40
Q

SE: tremors, seizures

A

lidocaine (Na+ channel blocker)

41
Q

SE: altered color

A

quinidine (Na+ channel blocker)

42
Q

SE: blue/green coloration

A

amiodarone (K+ channel blocker - all four)

43
Q

SE: green/yellow tint

A

digoxin (inhibits Na-K-ATPase)

44
Q

SE: impaired blue/green color discriminiation

A

“afil”s (inhibit Type 5 cGMP phosphodiesterase enzyme)

45
Q

SE: disrupt warfarin plasma binding sites

A

fibrates (bind PPAR - activating receptor)

ie gemfibrozil, fenofibrate

46
Q

Treats: cardiac arrest

A

amiodarone (K+ channel blocker - all four)

47
Q

Treats: used during coronary operation to decrease white thrombi

A

abciximba, tirofiban, eptifibatide (fibrinogen receptor blockers) in combo with heparin

48
Q

Treats: heart attack

A 
thrombolytic agents (convert plasminogen --> plasmin)
ie streptokinase, urokinase, TPA
49
Q

Treats: heavy menstruation

A 
hemostatic agents (inhibits plasminogen)
ie aminocaproic acid, transexamic acid
50
Q

Treats: hemophelia

A 
hemostatic agents (inhibits plasminogen)
ie aminocaproic acid, transexamic acid
51
Q

Use these drugs in place of heparin if HIT develops

A

hirudin (inhibits thrombin enzyme)

bivalirudin, desirudin, agratroban

52
Q

Treats: pulmonary hypertension

A

“afil”s (inhibit Type 5 cGMP phosphodiesterase enzyme)

53
Q

Treats: atrial tachycardia

A

adenosine (binds adenosine receptor –> dec AV firing node rate)

54
Q

Treats: ventricular tachycardia

A

lidocaine (Na+ channel blocker)

55
Q

Treats: micocytic anemia

A

iron (FeSO4), iron dextran

56
Q

Treats: macrocytic anemia

A

folic acid

57
Q

Treats: pernicious anemia

A

B12 injection

58
Q

Treats: anemia due to chronic renal failure/chemotherapy

A

epoietin alfa, darbepoietin, peginesatide

59
Q

Treats: sickle cell anemia

A

hydroxyurea

60
Q

1st pass metabolism

A

lidocaine, GTN

61
Q

enhance effects in hypokalemia

A

digoxin

62
Q

P450

A

“afil”s
warfarin
“statin”s

63
Q

can cross placenta

A

fondaparinux
warfarin (FDA Cat X)
hydroxyurea (FDA Cat D)
“statin”s (FDA Cat X)

64
Q

SE: dec absorption of fat soluble vitamins

A

cholestyramine, coleselevam, colestipol (bile acid binding proteins)

AU14 Pharmacology (29 decks)

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