Exam 3 Pt1 Flashcards
Who was fired after he retreated to Canada?
Thomas Gage
Who replaced Thomas gage?
William Howe
Where did Thomas gage retreat to?
Canada
Was William howe the commander of the rest of the war?
yes
What orders did Goerge the third give to Thomas gage?
to make an example of Washington and his army, Select a battlefield to draw Washington into and to show the 13 colonies that the war is hopeless and minimize casualties.
What country did William howe serve for?
England
Where does William howe move up to and what location does he pick first?
Moves up north and picks New York City
When Washington learns that William is going to NYC what does congress tell Washington?
Congress tells Washington to mount a defense in New York.
Is mounting a defense in nyc a good idea?
No
Which battle devastates Washingtons army?
Battle of Long Island
What happened at Battle of long island?
Half of Washington’s men advance and the other half retreat and Washington watches as the German hessians kill his men. Washington still wants to fight a European style war, but he learns that will not work because his army will not listen.
What kind of hessians are they? Do the hessians take any surrenders?
German: No, they don’t take surrenders.
How does Washington and his surviving soldiers get away from the hessians?
a fog comes in and Washington and his men get on rafts and get to the mainland.
What does Washington do after the battle of long island?
Runs for 15 weeks. From August to December.
What does Washington do to convince his men to stay?
As they were going to new jersey, his scouts reported to him that in a town called Trenton that the hessians were camping at who were also the same men who murdered Washington’s men in New York. Washington decides that their retreat will come to an end
Where are the hessians camping at?
Trenton, New Jersey
in order to get to Trenton what river does Washington and his men have to travel through?
The Delaware river
What day does Washington and his men cross the Delaware river?
Christmas day
What does Washington and his men do when they get to Trenton?
They kill the hessians in their sleep
who are the hessians lead by?
General Raul
After Raul is shot what did Raul do?
Give instructions to surrender
Who goes to Washington when Raul is dying? What does Raul want Washington to accept?
Mercer; His sword of honor
Does Washington accept the sword of honor? Why?
No because to Washington what his soldiers did is not honorable. Nothing in this war has been honorable.
What does Raul’s tombstone say?
He died a dishonorable death.
What battle is the continental army dragged into?
Battle of Princeton
Who does Washington come across in Princeton, New Jersey?
Lord Charles Cornwallis
Who wins in the battle of Princeton?
It is a draw.
How many hours did Washington last against Cornwallis and what happened to Washington’s army after?
8 hours and afterwards the rumors and this convinces men to join the continental army
What is the William Howe’s Plan?
Defeat the Continental army and minimize casualties. So, he looks for another location.
What is William’s second location?
Philidelphia; a quaker colony; American Capital
What does William think will happen if he captures Philadelphia?
it can be the demonstration that the war is hopeless, so he makes plans in NYC to move against Philadelphia.
What was Washington spy network?
Washington has females who would serve as bartenders to the British in bars and get information from the British soldiers when they got drunk. The women would write down what the British men said and transfer that information to Washington. A few women prostituted themselves and Washington had a few spies who were prostitutes and Howe and during pillow talk he would talk about his plans.
Who was the woman who informed Washington of Howes plan?
Isabell Johnson
Who does William Howe write a letter and ask to bring his men to join him?
John Burgoyne
Who does Washington give his men to?
Horatio Gates
What does Washington tell gates to do?
Track down Burgoyne and kill him
What happens in the battle of Philadelphia?
Washington holds out 6 weeks but howe wins and captures Philadelphia.
What battle does is fought between Gates & Burgoyne?
Battle of Saratoga
What is the importance of battle of Saratoga? Who wins this battle?
Convinces France to declare war against England. Gates wins the battle of saratoga.
What treaty does America sign with France?
the Treaty/ French of alliance
Who allies with usa?
France
How does France help USA?
France helps America by having a navy a huge asset for America, USA take loans out from France, France builds soldiers in north America to help Washington, France sends advisors to professionally trains the continental army.
With France declaring war what does this mean for the war of independence?
The war for independence now means a World War
What ambassador has a lot to do with getting France to get involved in the war?
Benjamin Franklin
How does Franklin convince people to join the American cause?
Franklin was a womanizer and slept with the wives of parliament and the women would convince their husbands to listen to Franklin.
