EXAM 3 (DQ's for Monday)

Question 1

how do OC’s form?

Answer 1

Culture forms when organizational members accept solutions that provide an acceptable conclusion to a problem.

Question 2

how are OC’s maintained?

Answer 2

When an organization has a strong and effective internal communication system with built in redundancies.

Question 3

what 4 factors will affect OC change?

Answer 3

1. Employees come and go
2. new policies and procedures are implemented
3. new products and services are offered.
4. Hierarchical level

Question 4

What should managers know about their OC before initiating a formal change program?

Answer 4

1. Not assume that all organizational members have the same view of the organization
2. the view you hold is the view of others

Question 5

What are the 3 defining characteristics of intentional OC change processes?

Answer 5

1. Often stop at the top of the organization with a specific goal in mind.
2. organizational leaders want to lead or direct the organization to a new way of doing business or valuing things or people
3. Communication is key to all change processes

Question 6

What are 3 reasons why intentional OC change is so difficult to implement?

Answer 6

1. Cultural change cannot be forced because cultures are symbolically constructed.
2. Intentional Changes in Organizational Culture are usually management driven but not necessarily followed.
3. Managers themselves can create a constraint to cultural change.

Question 7

What are the defining characteristics of cultural evolution?

Answer 7

When new values and assumptions are introduced, and accepted in a way that integrates them with existing values and assumptions.

Question 8

What are the defining characteristics of cultural revolution?

Answer 8

Occurs when main cultural elements are abandoned. as new ones replace them.

Question 9

What are the defining characteristics of reframing?

Answer 9

• There is no overt management objective for change, nor does the change emanate from some broad trends in society. Everyday reframing is incremental, guided by a few senior employees and more informal than formal
• Is powerful in that it is anchored in the interactions of organizational members, and, therefore, culture change is more realistically connected to existing day-to-day activities

Question 10

What are five principles for successfully managing multiple change processes?

Answer 10

1. Tying organizational culture to specific events, situations, actions, values and assumptions more clearly
2. Consider the organizational culture as a network in which meanings are created and maintained, rather than “presume” that meaning can be driven downward in the organization
   Organizational culture change is more likely to take hold when it is internally driven, rather than externally driven
3. Through the change process, view meanings in the network as processual and situated rather than fixed, and allow meanings to float and flexible to reveal the multiplicities that employees face in their organizational activities
4. Be open to variation and the potential contraindications. It is unlikely that all organizational members will create the same interpretation for any one cultural element
5. Be aware of the way in which organizational power creates dominant meanings and influences asymmetric social relationships among organizational members

Question 11

What are the 2 defining characteristics of mergers and acquisitions as change processes?

Answer 11

1. Mergers occur when two organizations agree to combine and become one
2. Acquisitions occur when one organization takes over another and established itself as a new owner

Question 12

What are 2 ways that culture change can be successfully created

Answer 12

1) Building employee commitment, enhancing employee’s’ identification with the company and creating a positive organizational spirit are three steps that leaders can take to facilitate OC
2) Empower employees to participate in the process

Question 13

What is a “Vision Statement”?

Answer 13

a statement that describes the value of what is to be achieved

Question 14

What is a “Mission Statement”?

Answer 14

state the goal or objective of the organization and often dictate the organization’s salient relationships with stakeholder groups: employees, investors, suppliers, community and customers

Question 15

What is a “Strategic Plan”?

Answer 15

details in the short term how the organization will achieve its mission

Question 16

When and how do employees become socialized to an OC?

Answer 16

• The socialization of a new employee into an organization’s culture really begins on the first day of work
• Many organizations require that new employees attend orientations on their first day at the organization
• As their level of assimilation increases, their understanding of the organization’s culture changes as well

Question 17

What are 3 ways leaders can formally and directly influence OC?

Answer 17

1. Manage by walking around: getting outside of their offices to interact with employees, seeing how operations are working, and asking questions and giving encouragement
2. Use their legitimate status as leaders to create opportunities to talk directly with employees in meetings, or less directly through videos or newsletters
3. Through what they choose to endorse as a rite or a ritual

Question 18

What are “Philanthropic Foundations”?

Answer 18

non-profit organizations charged with charitably investing their founder’s fortune in select, favored causes (e.g., global health)

Question 19

What are the 7 different “Persona” profiles of companies, from the (West) article?

Answer 19

1: The Gardener

Question 20

What is the “Gardner” from the (West) article?

Answer 20

Company founders

Question 21

What is the “Sage” from the (West) article?

Answer 21

Venture Capitalists

Question 22

What is the “Empathizer” from the (West) article?

Answer 22

The Recruiter

Question 23

What is the “Talent Guru” from the (West) Article?

Answer 23

HR manager

Question 24

What is the “Dean” from the (West) Article?

Answer 24

Learning and developing Leader

Question 25

What is the “Storyteller” from the (West) Article?

Answer 25

Collective voice of individual storytellers.

Question 26

What is the “Questioner” from the (West) article?

Answer 26

The Diversity lead

Question 27

From the (Grant) article. What are the 4 questions that can give potential hires ability to analyze the companies OC?

Answer 27

1. Is the big boss human?
2. Can the little person rise to the top?
3. Will I get fired?
4. How will the boss react to mistakes?