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Organizational Culture > Exam 2, SIMPLE GUIDE > Flashcards

Exam 2, SIMPLE GUIDE Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the definition of “Semiotics”?

A

The study of signs, semiotics, concerns the principles by which signification occurs. (Study of how communication is possible)

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2
Q

What are the 5 key terms and principles of “Semiotics”?

A
  1. Sign
  2. Signifier
  3. Signified
  4. Denotative and connotative meanings
  5. Text
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3
Q

What is a “Symbol”?

A

Symbols are meanings that can be experiences with senses and used by organizational members to make meaning.

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4
Q

Can organizational members make meanings of OC through Symbols?

A

Yes

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5
Q

What is the definition of a “Sign”?

A

Something that can be interpreted as having meaning. Which is something other than itself. Under sign, you have ICON,INDEX,SYMBOL

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6
Q

What is the definition for “Denotation”?

A

Refers to the literal meaning of the word. The (Dictionary Definition)

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7
Q

What is the definition for “Connotation”?

A

Refers to the associations that are connected to a certain word or the emotional suggestions related to that word. (EX - The connotation for “Snake” could include evil or danger)

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8
Q

What is the definition for “Metaphor”?

A

A figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable

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9
Q

What is a “Artifact”?

A

A tangible, observable entity (See,Touch,Smell,Taste (Example - The honor Code at CU. It is observable in multiple classrooms)

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10
Q

What is a “Practice”?

A

Generic and routine dimensions of communication acts. Communication is shaped by the culture of the organization. (Example - “Was that a threat?” “Yes it was”)

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11
Q

What is a “Code”?

A

A set of rules for combining / substituting signs.

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12
Q

What are two types of codes?

A
  1. Pragmatic Code

2. Syntagmatic Code

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13
Q

What is a “Pragmatic Code”?

A

It two signs exist in the same category, they can be substituted for each other. (Ex - A gift for teacher that got promotion)

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14
Q

What is a “Syntagmatic Code”?

A

Represents how signs could be combined in sequence. (Its a retirement party, for someone you worked with for years, You understand that things should happen in a specific sequence. (Beginning, Middle, End)

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15
Q

What is the definition for “Objective-Time”?

A

Describes linear, irreversible, and regular units that occur either once or cyclonicly. Like time of birth, time of death, seasons. (Example - “Is it time for lunch?”)

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16
Q

Is “Objective-Time” clock based, or event based?

A

Clock Based

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17
Q

Is “Subjective-Time” clock based or event based?

A

Event Based

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18
Q

What is the definition for “Subjective-Time”?

A

Socially constructed, cultural groups create different types of time that becomes shared meanings (Example - Work or family time, siesta time, prayer time)

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19
Q

What is “Temporal Diversification”?

A

Different conceptions of time. (Example - Different religions dates, Christianity, Islam.)

20
Q

What is the definition of “Chronocentrism”?

A

The human tendency to believe in the truth or superiority of ones conceptions of time.

21
Q

What is the definition of “Polychronic” time?

A

The tendency to do multiple activitirities as a time.

22
Q

What is the definition of “Monochronic” time?

A

Both at an individual and cultural levels, things that are done one at a time is segmented into precise, small units

23
Q

What is “Entrainment”?

A

Synchronized oscillation (movement back and fourth) of activities.

24
Q

What is “Punctuality”?

A

Being “on time” or “Schedule Adherence”

25
Q

What is “Temporal Perception”?

A

An individual, that has an experience of time.

26
Q

What is “Temporal personality”?

A

Individuals actions in regard to time.

27
Q

What are the 4 levels of the OC pyramid, from bottom to top?

A
  • Basic
  • Process
  • Subjective
  • Satisfaction
28
Q

What does the “Basic” level mean, from the OC pyramid?

A

Most basic elements of an organization, that are similar to employees. These are mostly artifacts. (Example - Artifacts, such as the organization mission statement is a basic level.)

29
Q

What does the “Process” level mean, from the OC pyramid?

A

Focuses on the transmission of messages and information in the organization. (Example - Voicemail, Email, Bulletin boards, newsletters, memos, meetings)

30
Q

What does the “Subjective” level mean, from the OC pyramid?

A

Issues such as trust, identification, cohesion, perceived messages. (example - “I want to know who I can trust, and who I cant, Other employees helped me figure this out”)

31
Q

What is the “Satisfaction” level mean, from the OC pyramid?

A

Looks at employee satisfaction, and customer satisfaction. (What is the relationship between your interaction with customers or clients and you interaction with co-workers)

32
Q

How can “Quantitative Measures” be useful to OC analysis?

A

Surveys can be useful and efficient in tapping into an organizations culture. (Ex - Can examine how employees evaluate the culture in its present form to what they would prefer. (Number Representations)

33
Q

What are the three things that can be interpreted under a sign?

A
  1. Icon
  2. Index
  3. Symbol
34
Q

Under a sign, what does “Icon” mean?

A

Something where the sign, and the thing it stands for has a physical resemblance (ex - When you walk in front of old main, and you see a statue of a man, that is the poet Robert Frost, but it is a object that resembles a mortal human. A photograph is a resemblance for a thing that is stands for.)

35
Q

Under a sign, What does “Index mean?

A

physical sign that has a physical cause effect connection between the thing and the thing it stands for, (ex - a footprint on the beach)

36
Q

Under a sign, what does a “Symbol” mean?

A

Symbols are things that can be experienced with the senses and used by organization members to make meaning?

37
Q

What are “Messages”?

A

Discrete symbolic forms that encode and transmit information (EX - the messages behind specific emogies that are used)

38
Q

What is “Discourse”?

A

Distinctive ways of speaking or writing in a situation (Ex - Firefighters have specific ways of speaking.)

39
Q

What is a “Metaphor”?

A

Associating phenomenon with something that is relatively familiar (Ex - As a company “We are family around here”)

40
Q

What is a “Narrative”?

A

A vivid memorable representation f actual or imagined experience (Ex - Construction of cause and effect relationships)

41
Q

What is a “Text”?

A

Complex symbolic objects.

42
Q

What does “Hybrid” artifacts include?

A

Discursive and non-Discursive elements (Ritual/Performances)

43
Q

What is a “Performance”?

A

How employees express to give certain perceptions of an organization. (When employees Dance inCold Stone) - Relate to theater, like playing a role.

44
Q

What is a “Ritual”?

A

Something that happens, Out of the ordinary, Carefully planned staged and arranged. (Example - Graduation, After finishing School)

45
Q

What does “Non-Discursive” Artifacts include?

A

Space / Time

46
Q

What does “Discursive” Artifacts include?

A

Metaphor / Messages / Storytelling

Organizational Culture (22 decks)

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