Exam 3 Differentiating Diseases and Conditions Flashcards
Most often result of antibiotic use that has disrupted natural flora of GI system
CDiff
Result of damage or malformation of inner ear
sensorineural hearing loss
Transmitted through breastmilk, blood transfusion, and organ donation; leading cause of hearing loss and intellectual disability in children
cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Manifestations include lack of social ability, lack of verbalization, little interest in verbal interaction, inability to use toys, lack of smiling, obsession with order
autism spectrum disorders
Manifestations include lack of eye contact, avoidances of touch, sleep disturbances, lack of stranger anxiety, lack of parental preference, disturbed affect
failure to thrive
Autoimmune neurologic disorder of peripheral nervous system
Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Develops as result of imbalance of production and absorption of CSF
hydrocephalus
Dry, inflamed, pruritic patches from this chronic inflammatory condition
atopic dermatitis (eczema)
Scraping or tearing of cornea by foreign bodies, contact lenses, paper, or fingernails
corneal abrasion
Alteration in way words are pronounced
articulation disorder
Sudden high fever (103 or more) followed by rose pink maculopapular rash
roseola
Eyes are not aligned due to lack of ocular muscle coordination
strabismus
Distinct cough; three phases
pertussis
Manifestations include excessive tearing, light sensitivity, muscle spasms, and enlargement of globe
glaucoma
Painful, inflamed lesions with mild fever; may refuse PO intake
hand foot and mouth disease
Born with failure to thrive and high risk of mortality within first year of life
congenital rubella
Result of damage to conduction system between auditory nervous system and cerebral cortex
central hearing loss
Primarily affects salivary glands
mumps
Physical manifestations include pre and post natal growth deficiencies, microcephaly, joint anomalies, smooth philtrum, thin upper lip, ear anomalies, cleft lip and palate, short palpebral fissures
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder
Chronic, nonprogressive disorder of posture and movement that results from a prenatal, perinatal, or postnatal injury
cerebral palsy
Oily, yellow scales block sweat and sebaceous glands, leading to inflammation
seborrheic dermatitis (cradle cap)
Frequent cause of eye problems in children; depth perception is impaired
amblyopia (lazy eye)
Brief paroxysmal behavior caused by excessive discharge of neurons
seizures
Birthmark caused by capillary malformation that gets darker as child ages and may become nodular by middle age adulthood
port wine stain
Red, fine, papular, sandpaper-like rash with skin peeling; red, swollen tongue
scarlet fever
Alteration in pitch and intonation, resulting from medical condition such as cleft palate
disorder of the voice
X-linked disorder that commonly affects males
Fragile X Syndrome
Red lesions with scaly appearance
Tinea infections
butterfly rash is a classic sign
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Larvae create burrows and tunnels that creates rash and itching that worsens at night
scabies
Dry, inflamed, pruritic skin along area caused by direct contact with skin and an irritant
contact dermatitis
Visual disturbance from alterations in path of light through eye
refractive errors
Decreased ability to say words
expressive disorder
Presents as cold sore or fever blister
HSV-1
Opacity of lens
cataract
Vague symptoms including fever, chills, body aches, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, sore throat, runny nose, headache
rubella
Physical manifestations include brachycephaly; flat profile; wide, flat nasal bridge; webbing of neck; narrow, high-arched palate; protruding tongue; small, low-set ears; short stature; broad hands; singular transverse palmar crease; widened gap between toes; broad neck; dry skin; hypermobility of joints; hypotonic muscles
Down syndrome
Birthmark with proliferation of dilated capillaries and endothelial cells that is normally gone by 5-6 years
hemangioma
Manifestations include pain, tearing, purulent drainage, and blurred vision from trauma to eye; may cause corneal scarring and blindness
corneal ulcer
Combination of conductive and sensorineural hearing loss
mixed hearing loss
Manifestations include fever, malaise, pharyngitis, enlarged lymph nodes, hepatosplenomegaly
infectious mononucleosis
Most common causative agent in hospital associated infections
MRSA
Birthmark with pigment deep within dermis
Mongolian spot
X-linked disorder that primarily affects females
Rett Syndrome
Acquired cell-mediated immunodeficiency disorder
HIV
Fever, coryza, cough, conjunctivitis, Koplik spots
measles
Related to sloughing of skin cells, overgrowth of normal bacteria, hormonal fluctuations, stress, and hereditary factors
acne vulgaris
Manifestations include excessive tearing of eye, crusting along eyelid upon waking, small mass on inner corner of eye
blocked lacrimal duct
Inflammation from pathogen causes pustular lesions that weep honey-colored fluid which crusts over lesions
impetigo
Outer or middle ear affected by damage, inflammation, or obstruction
conductive hearing loss
Red areas beneath the conjunctiva that resolve spontaneously
subconjunctival hemorrhage
X-linked disorder that interferes with discrimination between color groups
color deficiency (color blindness)
autoimmune disorder that results in connective tissue inflammation
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Interruption in flow of normal speech, including stuttering and lisping
fluency disorder
Congenital neural tube defects classified by incomplete closure of the vertebrae
spina bifida
Manifestations include severe eyelid edema, erythema, anteriorly displaced eye
orbital cellulitis
Hot or corrosive liquid splashes to eye
chemical splashing
Normal growth and development stops between 6-18 months
Rett Syndrome
Most common infectious process affecting CNS
meningitis
Hemorrhage from blow or penetration to eye
hyphema
Manifestations include difficulty with eye contact; difficulty establishing and maintaining peer relationships; behavior dysfunction from speech, language, and sensory impairment (temper tantrums, self-injury, gaze avoidance, self-stimulation, extreme agitation, abnormal speech, poor coordination).
Fragile X Syndrome
Allergic, inflammatory reaction to medications or autoimmune disorder that presents like a burn
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Rash is deep red, macular rash that starts on face and neck and spreads down trunk to feet
measles
Raccoon eyes and Battle sign
basilar skull fracture
Lesions become pustular then dry and crust over
varicella
Bacterial infection of subcutaneous tissue presenting with heat, tenderness, redness, and swelling
cellulitis
Thick white patches in mouth
thrush
Birthmark with distended dermal capillaries; can get redder as infant cries
salmon patch
Physical manifestations include large, prominent ears; long, narrow face; disproportionate head circumference; enlarged testicles; flat feet; lax ankles; hyperextendable fingers; soft smooth skin
Fragile X Syndrome
Manifestations include stereotyped hand movements, gait problems, loss of fine motor control, and speech regression
Rett Syndrome
Manifestations include edema, GI upset, bruising, increased infection, increased appetite and weight, muscle atrophy, hypertension, growth limitations
corticosteroid therapy
Headache with generalized pain, band-like tightness or pressure, tight neck muscles, and sore scalp
tension headache
Mild to incapacitating headache that may be accompanied by photophobia, phonophobia, nausea, vomiting, and irritability
migraine
Bright red facial rash typically followed by maculopapular rash with lacy appearance
erythema infectiosum (slap cheek of fifth disease)
Decreased ability to comprehend language
receptive disorder
Manifestations include scratching, burning, light sensitivity, edema, redness, discharge of eye
conjunctivitis
