Chapter 41: The Child with an Infectious Disease

Question 1

Contagious period of rubella

Answer 1

7 days before to 14 days after rash appears

Question 2

Transmission via vectors

Answer 2

tick, mosquito, mite, animal

Question 3

Infants born with congenital rubella have ____________________ and a high risk of __________ within the first year of life.

Answer 3

failure to thrive, mortality

Question 4

Primarily affects salivary glands

Answer 4

mumps

Question 5

Most often result of antibiotic use that has disrupted natural flora of GI system

Answer 5

CDiff

Question 6

Characterized by painful, inflamed lesions that may cause refusal of PO intake and mild fever

Answer 6

hand foot and mouth disease

Question 7

What is prescribed to help numb the mouth lesions of hand foot and mouth disease?

Answer 7

magic mouthwash

Question 8

Characterized by sandpaper-like, red rash; peeling on hands; swollen, red tongue

Answer 8

Scarlett fever

Question 9

How long does the acute phase of infectious mononucleosis last?

Answer 9

2-4 weeks

Question 10

Treatment for mild CDiff

Answer 10

7-10 days of metronidazole

Question 11

Erythema infectiosum is also known as

Answer 11

slap cheek

Fifth disease

Question 12

Transmission via respiratory tract

Answer 12

sneezing, coughing, talking

Question 13

Avoid strenuous activity and contact sports in acute phase

Answer 13

infectious mononucleosis

Question 14

Transmitted through breastmilk, blood transfusions, and organ donation

Answer 14

cytomegalovirus

Question 15

The viral class that includes hand foot and mouth disease

Answer 15

enterovirus

Question 16

Transmission via sexual activity

Answer 16

STDs

Question 17

A __________________________ can prevent an STD, but ____________________ does not.

Answer 17

barrier contraceptive method, hormonal birth control

Question 18

Inflammation of testes

Answer 18

orchitis

Question 19

Most commonly acquired in utero or shortly after birth

Answer 19

cytomegalovirus

Question 20

Cytomegalovirus is the leading cause of ________________ and _________________ in children

Answer 20

hearing loss, intellectual disability

Question 21

How long can erythema infectiosum infection last?

Answer 21

2-38 days

Question 22

cough can last for months and wear patient out; posttussive emesis is possible

Answer 22

pertussis

Question 23

Infants with CDiff are at risk for what

Answer 23

serious bacterial infections, such as bacterial meningitis

Question 24

Asymptomatic or vague symptoms including headache, runny nose, malaise, and fever

Answer 24

erythema infectiosum

Question 25

Characterized by a bright red facial rash that is usually followed by a maculopapular rash with a lacy appearance

Answer 25

erythema infectiosum

Question 26

Transmission via fecal matter

Answer 26

poor personal hygiene

Question 27

Maternal infection in first 12 weeks of pregnancy can cause this infection in infants

Answer 27

congenital rubella

Question 28

Caused by a Group A strep

Answer 28

Scarlett fever

Question 29

Common in NICU babies

Answer 29

cytomegalovirus

Question 30

Secondary infections of ______ include otitis media, pneumonia, croup, myocarditis, pericarditis, and encephalitis (rare).

Answer 30

measles

Question 31

Treatment for severe CDiff

Answer 31

vancomycin

Question 32

______________ may be used for enlarged tonsils when treating infectious mononucleosis.

Answer 32

Steroids

Question 33

Inpatient precautions for measles

Answer 33

airborne precautions

Question 34

Virus that causes infectious mononucleosis

Answer 34

Epstein-Barr virus

Question 35

Can be transmitted to neonate from mother during birth

Answer 35

STDs

Question 36

Also known as whooping cough

Answer 36

pertussis

Question 37

An example of a secondary infection of varicella

Answer 37

impetigo

Question 38

incubation period of measles

Answer 38

8-12 days

Question 39

Varicella virus becomes ___________ after initial infection and can cause ____________ later in life.

Answer 39

dormant, shingles

Question 40

How long do the lesions of varicella occur over?

Answer 40

3-4 days

Question 41

When do Koplik spots appear?

Answer 41

1-4 days before rash

Question 42

Asymptomatic or vague symptoms including fever, chills, body aches, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, sore throat, runny nose, and headache

Answer 42

rubella

Question 43

Symptoms include fever, malaise, pharyngitis, enlarged lymph nodes, and hepatosplenomegaly

Answer 43

infectious mononucleosis

Question 44

How long do respiratory symptoms appear for in measles?

Answer 44

10 days

Question 45

These have the highest occurrence in adolescence

Answer 45

STDs

Question 46

Three Cs of measles

Answer 46

coryza, cough, conjunctivitis

Question 47

The antiviral ____________ can help reduce mortality and complications in treating cytomegalovirus

Answer 47

ganciclovir

Question 48

Three stages of pertussis

Answer 48

catarrhal, paroxysmal, convalescent

Question 49

Infants under ___________ are most likely admitted for pertussis due to risk for respiratory complications

Answer 49

6 months

Question 50

Contagious period of erythema infectiosum

Answer 50

5-12 days before rash appears

Question 51

period of active infection of measles

Answer 51

3-5 days before rash to 4-6 days after rash

Question 52

Treatment for Scarlett fever

Answer 52

10-day course of antibiotics

Question 53

Characterized by pustular vesicles in various stages of healing which dry and crust over

Answer 53

varicella

Question 54

Transmission via blood contamination

Answer 54

blood products, contaminated needles

Question 55

Common causative agent in hospital-associated infections

Answer 55

MRSA

Question 56

Treatment for MRSA

Answer 56

strong antimicrobial (vancomycin)

Question 57

Characterized by a sudden high fever (103 or more) that last 3-5 days and followed by a rose pink macopapular rash

Answer 57

roseola

Question 58

Mild form of measles

Answer 58

rubella

Question 59

The people the child has been in contact with should also be treated

Answer 59

pertussis

Question 60

Disease characterized by deep red, macular rash that starts on face and neck then spreads down trunk to feet

Answer 60

measles

Question 61

Another name for varicella

Answer 61

chicken pox

Question 62

Contagious period of varicella

Answer 62

1-2 days before lesions appear until lesions dry up

Question 63

Treatment of pertussis

Answer 63

antibiotics during catarrhal stage (erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin)