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Pediatric Nursing Care > Chapter 41: The Child with an Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Chapter 41: The Child with an Infectious Disease Flashcards

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1
Q

Contagious period of rubella

A

7 days before to 14 days after rash appears

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2
Q

Transmission via vectors

A

tick, mosquito, mite, animal

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3
Q

Infants born with congenital rubella have ____________________ and a high risk of __________ within the first year of life.

A

failure to thrive, mortality

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4
Q

Primarily affects salivary glands

A

mumps

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5
Q

Most often result of antibiotic use that has disrupted natural flora of GI system

A

CDiff

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6
Q

Characterized by painful, inflamed lesions that may cause refusal of PO intake and mild fever

A

hand foot and mouth disease

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7
Q

What is prescribed to help numb the mouth lesions of hand foot and mouth disease?

A

magic mouthwash

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8
Q

Characterized by sandpaper-like, red rash; peeling on hands; swollen, red tongue

A

Scarlett fever

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9
Q

How long does the acute phase of infectious mononucleosis last?

A

2-4 weeks

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10
Q

Treatment for mild CDiff

A

7-10 days of metronidazole

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11
Q

Erythema infectiosum is also known as

A

slap cheek

Fifth disease

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12
Q

Transmission via respiratory tract

A

sneezing, coughing, talking

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13
Q

Avoid strenuous activity and contact sports in acute phase

A

infectious mononucleosis

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14
Q

Transmitted through breastmilk, blood transfusions, and organ donation

A

cytomegalovirus

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15
Q

The viral class that includes hand foot and mouth disease

A

enterovirus

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16
Q

Transmission via sexual activity

A

STDs

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17
Q

A __________________________ can prevent an STD, but ____________________ does not.

A

barrier contraceptive method, hormonal birth control

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18
Q

Inflammation of testes

A

orchitis

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19
Q

Most commonly acquired in utero or shortly after birth

A

cytomegalovirus

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20
Q

Cytomegalovirus is the leading cause of ________________ and _________________ in children

A

hearing loss, intellectual disability

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21
Q

How long can erythema infectiosum infection last?

A

2-38 days

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22
Q

cough can last for months and wear patient out; posttussive emesis is possible

A

pertussis

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23
Q

Infants with CDiff are at risk for what

A

serious bacterial infections, such as bacterial meningitis

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24
Q

Asymptomatic or vague symptoms including headache, runny nose, malaise, and fever

A

erythema infectiosum

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25
Q

Characterized by a bright red facial rash that is usually followed by a maculopapular rash with a lacy appearance

A

erythema infectiosum

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26
Q

Transmission via fecal matter

A

poor personal hygiene

27
Q

Maternal infection in first 12 weeks of pregnancy can cause this infection in infants

A

congenital rubella

28
Q

Caused by a Group A strep

A

Scarlett fever

29
Q

Common in NICU babies

A

cytomegalovirus

30
Q

Secondary infections of ______ include otitis media, pneumonia, croup, myocarditis, pericarditis, and encephalitis (rare).

A

measles

31
Q

Treatment for severe CDiff

A

vancomycin

32
Q

______________ may be used for enlarged tonsils when treating infectious mononucleosis.

A

Steroids

33
Q

Inpatient precautions for measles

A

airborne precautions

34
Q

Virus that causes infectious mononucleosis

A

Epstein-Barr virus

35
Q

Can be transmitted to neonate from mother during birth

A

STDs

36
Q

Also known as whooping cough

A

pertussis

37
Q

An example of a secondary infection of varicella

A

impetigo

38
Q

incubation period of measles

A

8-12 days

39
Q

Varicella virus becomes ___________ after initial infection and can cause ____________ later in life.

A

dormant, shingles

40
Q

How long do the lesions of varicella occur over?

A

3-4 days

41
Q

When do Koplik spots appear?

A

1-4 days before rash

42
Q

Asymptomatic or vague symptoms including fever, chills, body aches, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, sore throat, runny nose, and headache

A

rubella

43
Q

Symptoms include fever, malaise, pharyngitis, enlarged lymph nodes, and hepatosplenomegaly

A

infectious mononucleosis

44
Q

How long do respiratory symptoms appear for in measles?

A

10 days

45
Q

These have the highest occurrence in adolescence

A

STDs

46
Q

Three Cs of measles

A

coryza, cough, conjunctivitis

47
Q

The antiviral ____________ can help reduce mortality and complications in treating cytomegalovirus

A

ganciclovir

48
Q

Three stages of pertussis

A

catarrhal, paroxysmal, convalescent

49
Q

Infants under ___________ are most likely admitted for pertussis due to risk for respiratory complications

A

6 months

50
Q

Contagious period of erythema infectiosum

A

5-12 days before rash appears

51
Q

period of active infection of measles

A

3-5 days before rash to 4-6 days after rash

52
Q

Treatment for Scarlett fever

A

10-day course of antibiotics

53
Q

Characterized by pustular vesicles in various stages of healing which dry and crust over

A

varicella

54
Q

Transmission via blood contamination

A

blood products, contaminated needles

55
Q

Common causative agent in hospital-associated infections

A

MRSA

56
Q

Treatment for MRSA

A

strong antimicrobial (vancomycin)

57
Q

Characterized by a sudden high fever (103 or more) that last 3-5 days and followed by a rose pink macopapular rash

A

roseola

58
Q

Mild form of measles

A

rubella

59
Q

The people the child has been in contact with should also be treated

A

pertussis

60
Q

Disease characterized by deep red, macular rash that starts on face and neck then spreads down trunk to feet

A

measles

61
Q

Another name for varicella

A

chicken pox

62
Q

Contagious period of varicella

A

1-2 days before lesions appear until lesions dry up

63
Q

Treatment of pertussis

A

antibiotics during catarrhal stage (erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin)

Pediatric Nursing Care (17 decks)

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