Chapter 48: The Child with Cancer Flashcards
most common complications of this cancer treatment include mucositis, nosebleeds, fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
bone marrow transplantation (BMT) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT)
Manifestations include hematuria, hypertension, abdominal pain, fatigue, anemia, fever
Wilms’ tumor
_____ is a marker for chronic inflammation with lymphomas
ESR
Child undergoing radiation should avoid excess ______________, ________, and ___________
sun exposure, heat, friction
the goal of remission, the reduction of blasts to less than ___%, is for it to be obtained within the ______ month of treatment
5, first
three types of bone marrow transplantation (BMT) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT)
allogeneic, autologous, umbilical cord blood
most common type of solid tumor cancer
brain tumor
manifestations of this cancer include fever, pallor, excessive bruising, bone or joint pain, lymphadenopathy, malaise, hepatosplenomegaly, abnormal WBC counts, mild to profound anemia
leukemia
Manifestations may include jerking movement, restlessness, “dancing” eye movements, drooping eyelids, small pupils, and dark circles under the eyes if the _______________ is involved
neuroblastoma, spinal column
neuroblastoma arises from ____________ cells that proliferate and form solid tumors that then invade surrounding tissues and organs. Normally, these cells form the sympathetic nervous system and adrenal medulla.
neural crest
maintenance is aimed at finding and killing __________ or last ___% of cancer cells and lasts _______
“hidden”, 5, 2-3 years
manifestations of this type of lymphoma include painless, firm moveable lymph nodes in cervical and subclavicular regions; some children have systemic effects such as fever, night sweats, weight loss
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
complication in which transplanted cells recognize the recipient as foreign and begin to attack blood and organs
graft versus host disease (GVHD)
__________ levels may be elevated with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL)
uric acid
Have been connected to radiation treatments from other cancers
osteosarcoma
type of brain tumor defined by ________ of origin, its ____________ within brain matter, and its ___________
tissue, placement, growth rate
the ________________ chromosome can cause acute lymphoblastic leukemia to relapse
Philadelphia
Brain tumor survivors may experience long-term effects which can include ________ and __________ problems, ______________ delays, ___________ dysfunction resulting in puberty and growth problems, ____________ problems, and ____________
learning, cognition, developmental, endocrine, sensory, seizures
three most common diagnosed pediatric cancers
leukemias, brain tumors, lymphomas
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) responds (poorly, well) to chemotherapy treatment, which increases the risk for ________________, which can result in electrolyte imbalances. If not corrected, damage to the _________ can occur.
well, tumor lysis syndrome, kidneys
side effects of this cancer treatment include skin reactions* (most common), bruising, fatigue, bone marrow suppression, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, mucositis*
radiation
soft tumor cancer that is diagnosed after all other solid tumors are ruled out
Ewing sarcoma
The ________ catheter measures intracranial pressure
Licox
two types of treatments for retinoblastoma
enucleation (removal of eye)
cryotherapy
this type of cancer has same diagnostics, treatment, and nursing care as an osteosarcoma
Ewing sarcoma
type of malignant lymphoma with more rapid onset and widespread involvement at diagnosis
non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL)
cancer in which there is an overproduction of immature WBCs, called blasts, which compete for space with functional blood cells
leukemia
Osteosarcomas are more common in (boys, girls), but it is diagnosed earlier in (boys, girls) due to earlier bone maturation.
boys, girls
Osteosarcomas will first metastasize to the ________
lungs
Wilms’ tumor most commonly metastasizes to the ________
lungs
two methods of complimentary therapy for cancer treatment
steroids, biologic agents
In treating non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), ___________ and ____________ help reduce increasing uric acid levels.
IV fluids, oral allopurinol
Connections are speculated with tumor formation and growth spurts. The average time for diagnosis is during adolescence.
osteosarcoma
Manifestations include chronic and persistent pain at tumor site, limping, palpable mass, limited ROM, pathologic fracture
osteosarcoma
if a rhabdomyosarcoma is located on a specific organ, it is common for _____________ to occur
organ disruption
Thrombocytopenia associated with chemotherapy can cause varicella lesions to be ______________
hemorrhagic
Brain tumors near ___________ can cause worsened hydrocephalus
ventricles
treatments only useful in certain pediatric cancer groups
stem cell and bone marrow transplants
In treating non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), the _______________ must be corrected before starting chemotherapy
metabolic state
rhabdomyosarcomas are treated with _________________, and _____________ is given before and afterwards. ___________ can be used as an adjunct therapy or if the tumor is inoperable.
tumor resection, chemotherapy, radiation
most common manifestation of a neuroblastoma
abdominal distention (primary tumor is somewhere within abdominal cavity)