exam 3 (ch 9-12) Flashcards
which of the following is the source of electrons for the light reactions
a:h2o
b:c6h12o6
c:co2
d: nadph
h2o
a cell that completed the cell cycle without undergoing cytokinesis would
a: be diploid
b: have two nuclei
c: be haploid
d: not have completed anaphase
have two nuclei
which of the following terms best describes the role of certain metal ions and coenzymes?
a:reactants
b: intermediates
c:cofactors
d:products
cofactors
when a neuron responds to a particular neurontransmitter by opening gated ion channels, the neurotransmitter is serving as which part of the signal pathway?
a:relay molecule
b: transducer
c: signal molecule
d: response molecule
signal molecule
what name is given to a discrete packet of light?
a: phaser
b:wavelength
c:photon
d: spectrum
photon
plant cell cytokinesis differs from animal cell cytokinesis because____
a: plant cells produce more daughter cells
b: plant cells lack the telophase of mitosis
c: animal daughter cells are haploid
d: plant cells have a rigid cell wall and animal cells do not
plant cells have a rigid cell wall and animal cells do not
which of the following is NOT involved in the light dependent reactions?
a: ATP
b: thylakoids
c: chlorophyll
d: stroma
stroma
a product of glycolysis is______
a: lactic acid
b:ethyl alcohol
c: NAD+
d: pyruvic acid
pyruvic acid
what is the function of stomata?
a: fermentation
b: water absorption
c: kelvin cycle
d: gas exchange
gas exchange
aerobic respiration generates about ___ ATP from one glucose
a: 2
b: 6
c:36
d:48
36 or 38
protein kinase is an enzyme that
a: functions as a second messenger molecule
b: serves as a receptor for various signal molecules
c: activates or inactivates other proteins by adding a phosphate group to them
d: produces second messenger molecules
activates or inactivates other proteins by adding a phosphate group to them
aerobic means with _________
a: oxygen
b: carbon dioxide
c:atp
d: light
oxygen
under arid conditions, c4 lants fix carbon dioxide more efficiently than c3 plants because c4 plants_____
a: utilize rubisco
b: have chloroplasts concentrated in mesophyll cells
c:decrease the rate at which carbon dioxide diffuses into the plant from the atmosphere
d: use ATP to fix carbon dioxide
use atp to fix carbon dioxide
genes are carried on________
a: chromosomes
b: centriosome
c: chaisma
d: nuclei
chromosomes
scaffolding proteins are_________
a: microtubular protein arrays that allow lipid-soluble hormones to get from the cell membrane to the nuclear pores
b:large molecules to which several relay proteins attach to facilitate cascade effects
c: relay proteins that orient receptors and their ligands in appropriate directions to facilitate their complexing
d:proteins that can reach into the nucleus of a cell to affect transcription
large molecules to which several relay proteins attach to facilitate cascade effects
which of the following triggers the cell’s passage past the G2 checkpoint into mitosis?
a:PDGF
b:MPF
c:cyclin
d: Cdk
MPF
The spread of cancer from one site to others in the body is known as:
a: a benign tumor
b: metastasis
c:a malignant tumor
d: remission
metastasis
what is the primary function of the calvin cycle?
a: use nadph to release carbon dioxide
b:split water and release oxygen
c:transport RuBP out of the chloroplast
d: synthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide
synthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide
one of the major categories of redceptors in the plasma membrane reacts by forming dimers, adding phosphate groups, and then activating relay proteins. which type does this?
a: G protein-coupled reactors
b:ligand gated ion channels
c: steroid receptors
d: receptor tyrosine kinase
receptor tyrosine kinases
respiration__________, and cellular respiration________
a: produces atp, is gas exchange
b: is gas exchange, produces atp
c: produces glucose, produces oxygen
d: uses glucose, produces glucose
is gas exchange, produces atp
the last stage of one completed turn of the calvin cycle involves_______
a:G3P production
b: reduction of CO2
c: regeneration of RuBP
d: oxidation of CO2
regeneration of RuBP
during which phase of mitosis do the chromatids become chromosomes
a:telophase
b:anaphase
c: prophase
d:metaphase
prophase
the first electron acceptor of cellular respiration is____
a:CO2
b:O2
c:ATP
d:NAD+
NAD+
The cell cycle results in the production of_______
a: two diploid cells each with the same amount of genetic material and information
b:four diploid cells each with the same amount of genetic material and information
c: two diploid cells, each with the same amount of genetic material but different genetic information
d: four diploid cells, each with the same amount of genetic material but different genetic information
two diploid cells each with the same amount of genetic material and information
how many molecules of glucose are produced by each cycle of the light reaction
a: two
b: zero
c: four
d: siz
zero
which of the following is a stage of mitosis
a: cytokinesis
b:meiosis
c: interphase
d:telophase
telophase
binding of a signaling molecule to which type of receptor leads directly to a change in the distribution of ions on opposite ends of the membrane
a:receptor tyrosine kiknase
b:g protein-coupled receptor
c:ligand gated ion channel
d: intracellular receptor
ligand gated ion channel
the final electron acceptor of aerobic respiration is:
a: carbon dioxide
b: atp
c:oxygen
d:lactic acid
oxygen
what does it mean to say that a signal is transduced?
a: the signal enters the cell directly and binds to a receptor inside
b:the physical form of the signal changes from one form to another
c: the signal is amplified, such than even a single molecule evokes a large response
d:the signal triggers a sequence of phosphor\ylation events inside the cell
the physical form of the signal changes from one form to another
The final electron acceptor of aerobic respiration is ______
a: atp
b:glucose
c:NADP+
d:chlorophyll a
NADP+
Which of the following equations best summarizes photosynthesis?
a: 6CO2 + 6H2O+6O2-> C6H12O6
b: 6CO2+6H2O-> C6H12O6+6O2
c:6CO2+6O2->C6H12O6+6H2O
d:C6H12O2+6O2->6CO2+6H2O
6CO2+6H2O-> C6H12O6+6O2
The genetic material is duplicated during____ of the cell cycle
a: the mitotic phase
b:G1
c: the s phase
d: G2
the s phase
neurons and some other specialized cells divide infrequently because they
a: no longer have active nuclei
b:have entered into G0
c: can no longer bind Cdk to cyclin
d: show a drop in MPF concentration
have entered into G0
which part of cellular respiration produces the most NADH?
a:electron transport chain
b:citric acid cycle
c:hydrogenation
d: glycolysis
citric acid cycle
where are photosystems located
a: inner chloroplast membrane
b:thylakoid membrane
c:chlorophyll
d: cristae
thylakoid membrane
how many chromosomes can a gamete posses as a result of nondisjunction?
a:n+1 or n-1
b: 2n+1 or 2n-1
c: n+1 only
d: 2n-1 only
n+1 or n-1
adenylyl cyclase has the opposite effect of which of the following?
a:protein kinase
b:protein phosphate
c:phosphodiestrase
d:phosphorlyase
phosphodiestrase
a karyotype (a chromosome display) would be unable to determine
a: down syndrome
b:eye color
c: sex
d:polyploidy
eye color
photosynthesis contributes to plant growth by:
a:taking in carbon dioxide and marking carbohydrates
b:taking in oxygen and making wood
c:converting sugar to oxygen and water
d:synthesizing carbon dioxide and making cellulose
taking in carbon dioxide and marking carbohydrates
sister chromatids are joined at the:
a: chomatin
b:spindle
c:centromere
d:centrosome
centromere
which of the following is a type of local signaling in which a cell secretes a signal molecule that affects neighboring cells
a:hormonal signaling
b:autocrine signaling
c: paracrine signaling
d: synaptic signaling
paracrine signaling
the ultimate source of energy in food is:
a:producers
b:atp
c: consumers
d: the sun
the sun
which wavelength of light is the least useful to your plants growth
a: 500nm
b:550nm
c:650nm
d:750nm
750nm
which of these events occurs during anaphase
a: cytokinesis occurs
b:nucleoli reappear
c:chromosomes align on the midline of the cell
d: centromeres divide
centromeres divide
a steroid hormone binds to an intracellular receptor. when it does the resulting complex is able to do which of the following? why?
a: open channels in the membrane for other substances to enter
b:open channels in the nuclear envelope for cytoplasmic molecules to enter
c: mediate the transfer of phosphate groups to/from atp
d:act as a transcription factor in the nucleus
act as a transcription factor in the nucleus
what compound directly provides energy for cellular work
a:c6h12o6
b:atp
c:rubisco
d: dna
atp
c4 plants conserve water by
a: shuttling co2 from the calvin cycle to the water splitting photosystem
b: incorporating co2 into RuBP
c: growing very deep roots
d: keeping their stomata closed most of the time
keeping their stomata closed most of the time
which of the following occurs during interphase
a:chromatin becomes tightly coiled
b:dna is synthesized
c:sister chromatids separate
d:the mitotic spindle forms
dna is synthsized
